Calibración hidrodinámica de una estructura de biorretención estándar, sin vegetación, para la determinación del espesor óptimo de la capa de almacenamiento para un evento de lluvia típico de una zona urbana de Bogotá

In the intent to propose a standard bioretention system in Bogota city and in order to apply the inverse solution methodology on Hydrus – 1D, it is mandatory to determine each θ_s; θ_r; α;n and k_s parameters in van Genuchten – Mualem function, without considering the hysteresis phenomenon, for standard bioretention system composing soils, as well as required components and dimensions to implement the bioretention structure in Bogota. The objective function formulation on Hydrus – 1D comes out from measurements of capillary pressure and soil water saturation, namely, setting up the soil water retention curve (h vs. θ). First, a bioretention structure general dimensioning was carried out based on current urban landscaping regulations and recommendations given by the sewage - system service provider in Bogota city. Soil composing and design were performed after information gathering and previous investigation on bioretention systems dimensioning that are convenient to apply in Bogota city. To give an adequate interpretation of the vadose zone, a soil column experimental prototype was built to be able to control and measure the intervening parameters in the subsoil unidimensional flow description, such as capillary pressure, soil water saturation, inflow and outflow. While developing this project, thirteen sensor - based devices were built to measure the inverse model required parameters. It is important to underline that all the designed instrumentation was based on low cost electronic development. In addition, the whole instrumentation system is controlled by an Arduino Mega PLC and was designed and built as a personal initiative by the author of this work. For signal processing and data capturing, a commercial Lab View version intuitive program was designed, to be able to create a user-friendly interface to make real-time sensor visualisation and control. Finally, all the hydrodynamic van Genuchten – Mualem function parameters (θ_s; θ_r; α;n and k_s), without any hysteresis phenomenon considerations, were determined for the soils under study by using a Hydrus-1D inverse model and laboratory results. In addition, several direct models were run in order to determine both bioretention structures’ operation condition retention time and outflow. A storage layer in the base of the structure, which is made up by rocks to settle an appropriate retention volume, was suggested after computing model results. A Hydrus-1D direct model was also made as an application example for an urban zone in Bogotá in order to observe the structure’s behaviour and the runoff - peak mitigation percentage under normal functioning conditions, using hydrological data from the study region given by the water and sewage - service provider in Bogotá city.

• Autores: Velasco Ávila, Frank David
• Fecha de publicación: 2016
• Institución: Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito
• Repositorio: Repositorio Institucional ECI
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co:001/465
• Acceso en línea: http://catalogo-intra.escuelaing.edu.co/cgi-bin/koha/catalogue/detail.pl?biblionumber=19491; https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/465
• Palabra clave: Calibración hidrodinámica de suelos; Columna de suelo; Flujo en la zona no saturada; Sistemas de Biorretención; Infiltración; Drenaje sostenible; Instrumentación en suelos; Aplicación Hydrus-1D; Solución inversa; Hydrodynamic Soil Characterization; Bioretention; Soil Column; Vadose Zone Flow; Soil Water Retention Curve; Infiltration; Sustainable Drainage; Soil Instrumentation; Hydrus-1D Application; Inverse Solution
• Rights: openAccess
• License: Derechos Reservados - Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito