Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker
Cerebral Palsy (CP) is the most common cause of permanent serious physical disability in childhood. Although many platforms have been developed, so far there are still not precise guidelines for the rehabilitation of the population with CP. The CPWalker is a robotic platform for the rehabilitation o...
- Autores:
-
Aycardi, Luis Felipe
Cifuentes, Carlos Andrés
Bayón, Cristina
Ramírez, Oscar
Lerma, Sergio
Frizera, Anselmo
Rocon, Eduardo
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2019
- Institución:
- Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional ECI
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co:001/1498
- Acceso en línea:
- https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/1498
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-019-0485-0
- Palabra clave:
- Parálisis cerebral
Robótica
Niños con discapacidades
Niños con discapacidades - Rehabilitación
Children with disabilities
Children with disabilities - Rehabilitation
Cerebral Palsy
CPWalker
Gait
Kinematics
Rehabilitation robotics
Parálisis cerebral
CPWalker
Marcha
Cinemática
Robótica de rehabilitación
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
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|
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker |
title |
Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker |
spellingShingle |
Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker Parálisis cerebral Robótica Niños con discapacidades Niños con discapacidades - Rehabilitación Children with disabilities Children with disabilities - Rehabilitation Cerebral Palsy CPWalker Gait Kinematics Rehabilitation robotics Parálisis cerebral CPWalker Marcha Cinemática Robótica de rehabilitación |
title_short |
Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker |
title_full |
Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker |
title_sort |
Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Aycardi, Luis Felipe Cifuentes, Carlos Andrés Bayón, Cristina Ramírez, Oscar Lerma, Sergio Frizera, Anselmo Rocon, Eduardo |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Aycardi, Luis Felipe Cifuentes, Carlos Andrés Bayón, Cristina Ramírez, Oscar Lerma, Sergio Frizera, Anselmo Rocon, Eduardo |
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv |
GiBiome |
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv |
Parálisis cerebral Robótica |
topic |
Parálisis cerebral Robótica Niños con discapacidades Niños con discapacidades - Rehabilitación Children with disabilities Children with disabilities - Rehabilitation Cerebral Palsy CPWalker Gait Kinematics Rehabilitation robotics Parálisis cerebral CPWalker Marcha Cinemática Robótica de rehabilitación |
dc.subject.armarc.spa.fl_str_mv |
Niños con discapacidades Niños con discapacidades - Rehabilitación |
dc.subject.armarc.eng.fl_str_mv |
Children with disabilities Children with disabilities - Rehabilitation |
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Cerebral Palsy CPWalker Gait Kinematics Rehabilitation robotics Parálisis cerebral CPWalker Marcha Cinemática Robótica de rehabilitación |
description |
Cerebral Palsy (CP) is the most common cause of permanent serious physical disability in childhood. Although many platforms have been developed, so far there are still not precise guidelines for the rehabilitation of the population with CP. The CPWalker is a robotic platform for the rehabilitation of children with CP, through which they can start experiencing autonomous locomotion in the rehabilitation environment. It allows the possibility of free movement and includes physical and cognitive interfaces into the therapy. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the effects of the CPWalker-based rehabilitation intervention in children with CP by comparing different gait parameters before, during and after the use of the platform. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2019 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-05-26T21:07:25Z 2021-10-01T17:16:58Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-05-26 2021-10-01T17:16:58Z |
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv |
Text |
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
1743-0003 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/1498 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1186/s12984-019-0485-0 |
dc.identifier.url.none.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-019-0485-0 |
identifier_str_mv |
1743-0003 10.1186/s12984-019-0485-0 |
url |
https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/1498 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-019-0485-0 |
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv |
24 |
dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv |
15 |
dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv |
16 |
dc.relation.indexed.spa.fl_str_mv |
N/A |
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Journal of Neuro Engineering and Rehabilitation |
dc.relation.references.eng.fl_str_mv |
Bax M, Goldstein M, Rosenbaum P, Leviton A, Paneth N, Dan B, Jacobsson B, Bax M, Goldstein M, Rosenbaum P, Leviton A, Paneth N, Dan B, Jacobsson B, Goldstein M, Rosenbaum P, Goldstein M. Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy , April 2005 How to cite this article : Review Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy , Executive Committee for the Definition of Cerebral Palsy (April 2005). 2014;571–6. https://doi.org/10.1017/S001216220500112X Pirpiris M, Wilkinson A, Rodda J, Nguyen T, Baker R, Nattrass G, Graham H. Walking speed in children and young adults with neuromuscular disease: comparison between two assessment methods. J Pediatr Orthop. 2003;23(3):302–7. Damiano DL, Alter KE, Chambers H. New Clinical and Research Trends in Lower Extremity Management for Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2009;20(3):469–91. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.pmr.2009.04.005. Fasoli SE, Ladenheim B, Mast J, Krebs HI. New Horizons for Robot-Assisted Therapy in Pediatrics. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;91(11): 280–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0b013e31826bcff4 Calanca A, Piazza S, Fiorini P. A motor learning oriented, compliant and mobile Gait Orthosis. Appl Bionics Biomech. 2012;9(1):15–27. https://doi. org/10.3233/ABB-2011-0051. Bayon C, Lerma S, Ramirez O, Serrano JI, Del Castillo MD, Raya R, Belda-Lois JM, Martinez I, Rocon E. Locomotor training through a novel robotic platform for gait rehabilitation in pediatric population: short report. J NeuroEngineering Rehabil. 2016;13(1):98. https://doi.org/10. 1186/s12984-016-0206-x Bayón C, Ramírez O, Serrano JI, Castillo MDD, Pérez-Somarriba A, Belda-Lois JM, Martínez-Caballero I, Lerma-Lara S, Cifuentes C, Frizera A, Rocon E. Development and evaluation of a novel robotic platform for gait rehabilitation in patients with Cerebral Palsy: CPWalker. Robot Auton Syst. 2017;91:101–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2016.12.015 Smania N, Gandolfi M, Marconi V, Calanca A, Geroin C, Piazza S, Bonetti P, Fiorini P, Consentino A, Capelli C, Conte D, Bendinelli M, Munari D, Ianes P, Fiaschi A, Picelli A. Applicability of a new robotic walking aid in a patient with cerebral palsy. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2011;147(2):135–40. Belda-Lois J-M, Mena-del Horno S, Bermejo-Bosch I, Moreno JC, Pons JL, Farina D, Iosa M, Molinari M, Tamburella F, Ramos A, Caria A, Solis-Escalante T, Brunner C, Rea M. Rehabilitation of gait after stroke: a review towards a top-down approach. J NeuroEngineering Rehabil. 2011;8(1):66. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-8-66 Cifuentes CA, Bayon C, Lerma S, Frizera A, Rocon E. Human-Robot Interaction Strategy for Overground Rehabilitation in Patients with Cerebral Palsy. 2016;737–42. https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOROB.2016. 7523713. Bugané F, Benedetti MG, Casadio G, Attala S, Biagi F, Manca M, Leardini A. Estimation of spatial-temporal gait parameters in level walking based on a single accelerometer: Validation on normal subjects by standard gait |
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dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv |
BioMed Central Ltd |
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv |
Estados Unidos |
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv |
https://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12984-019-0485-0 |
institution |
Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito |
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Aycardi, Luis Felipe43456a29f7d25cc28e8cb95361a75548600Cifuentes, Carlos Andrés81a660fb65277f2910c3ba584d1e7d1f600Bayón, Cristina701038503dd6b7ded9496dab3d35be38600Ramírez, Oscar05ac15a7fe2e7b02543e033bafef7774600Lerma, Sergio9f801530e411b94370c3c69d2d5be963600Frizera, Anselmo5d58a1428e14b202b24e59ce29001166600Rocon, Eduardo586ef5622ad772c4c852c23f5901f337600GiBiome2021-05-26T21:07:25Z2021-10-01T17:16:58Z2021-05-262021-10-01T17:16:58Z20191743-0003https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/149810.1186/s12984-019-0485-0https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-019-0485-0Cerebral Palsy (CP) is the most common cause of permanent serious physical disability in childhood. Although many platforms have been developed, so far there are still not precise guidelines for the rehabilitation of the population with CP. The CPWalker is a robotic platform for the rehabilitation of children with CP, through which they can start experiencing autonomous locomotion in the rehabilitation environment. It allows the possibility of free movement and includes physical and cognitive interfaces into the therapy. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the effects of the CPWalker-based rehabilitation intervention in children with CP by comparing different gait parameters before, during and after the use of the platform.La parálisis cerebral (PC) es la causa más común de discapacidad física grave y permanente en la infancia. Aunque se han desarrollado muchas plataformas, hasta ahora no existen directrices precisas para la rehabilitación de la población con PC. El CPWalker es una plataforma robótica para la rehabilitación de niños con parálisis cerebral, mediante la cual pueden empezar a experimentar la locomoción autónoma en el entorno de la rehabilitación. Permite la posibilidad de movimiento libre e incluye interfaces físicas y cognitivas en la terapia. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es evaluar los efectos de la intervención de rehabilitación basada en el CPWalker en niños con parálisis cerebral, comparando diferentes parámetros de la marcha antes, durante y después del uso de la plataforma.*Correspondence: e.rocon@csic.es 2 Neural and Cognitive Engineering Group, CAR of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Arganda del Rey, 28500 Madrid, Spain Full list of author information is available at the end of the articleapplication/pdfengBioMed Central LtdEstados Unidoshttps://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12984-019-0485-0Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalkerArtículo de revistainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85241516N/AJournal of Neuro Engineering and RehabilitationBax M, Goldstein M, Rosenbaum P, Leviton A, Paneth N, Dan B, Jacobsson B, Bax M, Goldstein M, Rosenbaum P, Leviton A, Paneth N, Dan B, Jacobsson B, Goldstein M, Rosenbaum P, Goldstein M. Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy , April 2005 How to cite this article : Review Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy , Executive Committee for the Definition of Cerebral Palsy (April 2005). 2014;571–6. https://doi.org/10.1017/S001216220500112XPirpiris M, Wilkinson A, Rodda J, Nguyen T, Baker R, Nattrass G, Graham H. Walking speed in children and young adults with neuromuscular disease: comparison between two assessment methods. J Pediatr Orthop. 2003;23(3):302–7.Damiano DL, Alter KE, Chambers H. New Clinical and Research Trends in Lower Extremity Management for Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2009;20(3):469–91. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.pmr.2009.04.005.Fasoli SE, Ladenheim B, Mast J, Krebs HI. New Horizons for Robot-Assisted Therapy in Pediatrics. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;91(11): 280–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0b013e31826bcff4Calanca A, Piazza S, Fiorini P. A motor learning oriented, compliant and mobile Gait Orthosis. Appl Bionics Biomech. 2012;9(1):15–27. https://doi. org/10.3233/ABB-2011-0051.Bayon C, Lerma S, Ramirez O, Serrano JI, Del Castillo MD, Raya R, Belda-Lois JM, Martinez I, Rocon E. Locomotor training through a novel robotic platform for gait rehabilitation in pediatric population: short report. J NeuroEngineering Rehabil. 2016;13(1):98. https://doi.org/10. 1186/s12984-016-0206-xBayón C, Ramírez O, Serrano JI, Castillo MDD, Pérez-Somarriba A, Belda-Lois JM, Martínez-Caballero I, Lerma-Lara S, Cifuentes C, Frizera A, Rocon E. Development and evaluation of a novel robotic platform for gait rehabilitation in patients with Cerebral Palsy: CPWalker. Robot Auton Syst. 2017;91:101–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2016.12.015Smania N, Gandolfi M, Marconi V, Calanca A, Geroin C, Piazza S, Bonetti P, Fiorini P, Consentino A, Capelli C, Conte D, Bendinelli M, Munari D, Ianes P, Fiaschi A, Picelli A. Applicability of a new robotic walking aid in a patient with cerebral palsy. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2011;147(2):135–40.Belda-Lois J-M, Mena-del Horno S, Bermejo-Bosch I, Moreno JC, Pons JL, Farina D, Iosa M, Molinari M, Tamburella F, Ramos A, Caria A, Solis-Escalante T, Brunner C, Rea M. Rehabilitation of gait after stroke: a review towards a top-down approach. J NeuroEngineering Rehabil. 2011;8(1):66. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-8-66Cifuentes CA, Bayon C, Lerma S, Frizera A, Rocon E. Human-Robot Interaction Strategy for Overground Rehabilitation in Patients with Cerebral Palsy. 2016;737–42. https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOROB.2016. 7523713.Bugané F, Benedetti MG, Casadio G, Attala S, Biagi F, Manca M, Leardini A. Estimation of spatial-temporal gait parameters in level walking based on a single accelerometer: Validation on normal subjects by standard gaitinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Parálisis cerebralRobóticaNiños con discapacidadesNiños con discapacidades - RehabilitaciónChildren with disabilitiesChildren with disabilities - RehabilitationCerebral PalsyCPWalkerGaitKinematicsRehabilitation roboticsParálisis cerebralCPWalkerMarchaCinemáticaRobótica de rehabilitaciónTEXTEvaluation of biomechanical gait.pdf.txtEvaluation of biomechanical gait.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain34384https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/1498/4/Evaluation%20of%20biomechanical%20gait.pdf.txt2c8d1c8cf4878bc72d0f0eb35212c1f5MD54open accessLICENSElicense.txttext/plain1881https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/1498/2/license.txt5a7ca94c2e5326ee169f979d71d0f06eMD52open accessORIGINALEvaluation of biomechanical gait.pdfapplication/pdf3973526https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/1498/3/Evaluation%20of%20biomechanical%20gait.pdf3fddb443fad7ac282b058d63e599ed25MD53open accessTHUMBNAILEvaluation of biomechanical gait.pdf.jpgEvaluation of biomechanical gait.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg14610https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/1498/5/Evaluation%20of%20biomechanical%20gait.pdf.jpg0e8665b450cdda885d467ece6a11d932MD55open access001/1498oai:repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co:001/14982022-10-04 18:20:22.708open accessRepositorio Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavitorepositorio.eci@escuelaing.edu.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 |