Evaluación de la evolución de cargas contaminantes aportadas por vertimientos de aguas residuales en un humedal natural, mediante la implementación de un modelo computacional hidráulico y de calidad de agua.

The present study simulated the current state and the associated behavior of a natural wetland versus a organic load discharge linked to a treated wastewater plant effluent, through the implementation of a hydraulic and water quality model with the use of IBER 2D software. Secondary information was used in the La Florida Wetland Sector 2 with jurisdiction of the municipalities of Cota and Funza and primary information resulting from visits and complementary laboratory tests, in order to analyze the capacity of self-cleaning and response of the natural wetland against the disturbance that represents the discharge of wastewater. For the assembly of the hydraulic model, closed boundary conditions were defined for most of the domain and open contours, corresponding to the points of the inflow and outflow of the system, the first associated with the recharge of water through existing sewers and the second, at the outlet of the screw elevating station of the La Isla reservoir. The water production in the basin was calculated for an average year period and in the study domain an unstructured mesh was implemented, considered as the appropriate condition for the irregular geometry of the La Florida wetland in Sector 2. For the boundary and initial conditions, three scenarios was defined as: scenario 1, corresponding to the initial condition of the wetland with the exclusive contribution of runoff water; Scenario 2, taking the initial condition of the wetland plus the inflow of water from the Bogotá River through the opening of the gate in the Chicú channel, that is, considering the operation of the La Ramada Flood Control and Environmental Management Hydraulic System (SHMACI ); and scenario 3, which is based on scenario 2 plus the simulation of a domestic wastewater discharge. Subsequently, the assembly of the quality model for the simulation of the Carbonaseus Biochemical Oxygen Demand (CBOD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Amoniacal Nitrogen (N-NH3) and in the form of Nitrates (N-NO3); adopting, in the first instance, kinetic constants proposed in the literature, which then took as a verification point the water quality results of a sample at the outlet of the wetland, were adjusted with trial and error until a better approximation to the results was obtained of existing quality samples taken from the wetland. The results of the study allow to account for the benefits and limitations of the IBER 2D software as a tool for hydraulic modeling and evaluation of the spatio - temporal evolution of pollutants in natural wetlands, as well as the possibility to admit discharges of treated effluents secondary and tertiary in a natural wetland.

• Autores: Jimenez Ramos, Alexandra Marisol
• Fecha de publicación: 2018
• Institución: Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito
• Repositorio: Repositorio Institucional ECI
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co:001/729
• Acceso en línea: https://catalogo.escuelaing.edu.co/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=21161; https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/729
• Palabra clave: Agua residuales; Modelación hidráulica; Calidad del agua; Aguas residuales; Calidad del agua - Mediciones; Control hidráulico; Sewage; Water quality - Measurement; Hydraulic control; Waste water; Hydraulic modeling; Water quality
• Rights: openAccess
• License: Derechos Reservados - Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito