Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain

In this paper we carry out a thorough review of the current research related to the benefits and costs arising from the implementation of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs). From this review we concluded that despite the many studies available, little has been said about the sensitivity of the benef...

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Autores:
Ortega Hortelano, Alejandro
Vassallo Magro, José Manuel
Guzman Valderrama, Andres Felipe
Pérez-Martínez, P.J.
Tipo de recurso:
Article of investigation
Fecha de publicación:
2014
Institución:
Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito
Repositorio:
Repositorio Institucional ECI
Idioma:
eng
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oai:repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co:001/2062
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/2062
Palabra clave:
Control de costos
Vehículos - Control de costos
Análisis de costos
Transporte - Análisis de costos
Cost control
Vehicles - cost control
Cost effectiveness
Transportation - Cost Analysis
cost benefit analysis
ensitivity analysis
longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs)
Spain
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openAccess
License
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network_name_str Repositorio Institucional ECI
repository_id_str
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain
title Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain
spellingShingle Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain
Control de costos
Vehículos - Control de costos
Análisis de costos
Transporte - Análisis de costos
Cost control
Vehicles - cost control
Cost effectiveness
Transportation - Cost Analysis
cost benefit analysis
ensitivity analysis
longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs)
Spain
title_short Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain
title_full Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain
title_fullStr Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain
title_full_unstemmed Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain
title_sort Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Ortega Hortelano, Alejandro
Vassallo Magro, José Manuel
Guzman Valderrama, Andres Felipe
Pérez-Martínez, P.J.
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Ortega Hortelano, Alejandro
Vassallo Magro, José Manuel
Guzman Valderrama, Andres Felipe
Pérez-Martínez, P.J.
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv Grupo de Investigación en Vías y Transporte
Centro de Investigación del Transporte (TRANSyT) (UPM)
dc.subject.armarc.spa.fl_str_mv Control de costos
Vehículos - Control de costos
Análisis de costos
Transporte - Análisis de costos
topic Control de costos
Vehículos - Control de costos
Análisis de costos
Transporte - Análisis de costos
Cost control
Vehicles - cost control
Cost effectiveness
Transportation - Cost Analysis
cost benefit analysis
ensitivity analysis
longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs)
Spain
dc.subject.armarc.eng.fl_str_mv Cost control
Vehicles - cost control
Cost effectiveness
Transportation - Cost Analysis
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv cost benefit analysis
ensitivity analysis
longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs)
Spain
description In this paper we carry out a thorough review of the current research related to the benefits and costs arising from the implementation of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs). From this review we concluded that despite the many studies available, little has been said about the sensitivity of the benefits and costs to the ultimate performance of the key variables related to the evolution of the economy, road transport performance, safety, and so on. In order to fill this gap, we have designed a sensitivity approach based on a cost benefit analysis tool to determine which variables demonstrate the greatest influence on the benefits and costs stemming from the implementation of LHVs. In order to test the methodology, we have used it in an analysis of the Spanish trunk network. The results show that the benefits of LHVs for society are significant. Even in the least favorable scenario, the economic benefits are greater than €3500 million over 15 years, and the environment enhanced as well, for CO2 emissions are reduced by 2 Million tonnes. Overall we noted how the results are not very sensitive to the evolution of key variables in determining the final outcome. However, we found that the variables that have the greatest affect on the final benefit, such as traffic growth and social discount rate, depend basically on the performance of the overall economy. Moreover, the private cost for haulers seems to be more important in determining the final benefit than externality costs.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2014
2022-05-17T21:16:40Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2014
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-05-17T21:16:40Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.relation.indexed.spa.fl_str_mv N/A
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.eng.fl_str_mv Transport Reviews
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Aparicio, A. (2012, June). Movilidad 2030: Perspectivas a largo plazo de la movilidad interurbana de viajeros en Espan˜a. Paper presented at the X Congreso de Ingenierı´a del transporte, Granada.
Backman, H., & Nordstro¨m, R. (2002). Improved performance of European long haulage transport (Report 2002: 6E). Sweden: Transport Research Institute TFK. Retrieved from http://www.modularsystem. eu/download/facts_and_figures/final_report_extra.pdf
Bereni, M., & Jacob, E. (2009, January). A look into the likely consequences of adapting weights and dimensions of heavy commercial vehicles in Europe. Paper presented at Transportation Research Board 88th Annual Meeting, Washington.
Bergqvist, R., & Behrends, S. (2011). Assessing the effects of longer vehicles: The case of pre- and posthaulage in intermodal transport chains. Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal, 31(5), 591–602. doi:10.1080/01441647.2011.584980
Bryan, J. G., Weisbrod, G., & Martland, C. D. (2007). Rail freight as a means of reducing roadway congestion: Feasibility considerations for transportation planning. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2008, 75–83. doi:10.3141/2008-10
Campbell, H. F., & Brown, R. P. (2005). A multiple account framework for cost–benefit analysis. Evaluation and Program Planning, 28(1), 23–32. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan. 2004.05.001
Christidis, P., & Leduc, G. (2009). Longer and heavier vehicles for freight transport (Report). Sevilla: European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.
Clayton, A., Montufar, J., & Middleton, D. (2003). Operation of long semitrailers in the United States. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1833, 79–86. doi:10.3141/ 1833-11
Commission for Integrated Transport. (2000). Interim report: Permitting 44 tonne lorries for general use in the UK. London: Commission for Integrated Transport. Retrieved from http://webarchive. nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110304132839/http://cfit.independent.gov.uk/pubs/2000/44tonne/ 44tonne/pdf/44tonne.pdf
Debauche, W., & Decock, D. (2007, September). Longer and heavier goods vehicles (LHVS): A multidisciplinary approach to the issue in Belgium. Paper presented at Choice for Sustainable Development. Pre-Proceedings of the 23rd PIARRC World Road Congress, Paris.
De Palma, A., Picard, N., & Andrieu, L. (2012). Risk in transport investments. Networks and Spatial Economics, 12(2), 187–204. doi:10.1007/s11067-009-9109-8
European Environment Agency. (2009). Transport at a crossroads. TERM 2008: Indicators tracking transport and environment in the European Union (Report no. 3/2009). Copenhagen: European Environment Agency, EEA. Retrieved from http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/transport-at-a-crossroads
Evans, D. J., & Sezer, H. (2005). Social discount rates for member countries of the European Union. Journal of Economic Studies, 32, 47–59. doi:10.1108/01443580510574832
Fortowsky, J. K., & Humphreys, J. (2006). Estimating traffic changes and pavement impacts from freight truck diversion following changes in interstate truck weight limits. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1966, 71–79. doi:10.3141/1966-09
Ghosn, M., & Moses, F. (2000). Effect of changing truck weight regulations on U.S. bridge network: Part II. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 5(4), 304–310. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/ (ASCE)1084-0702(2000)5:4(304)
Glaeser, K., Kaschner, M., Lerner, G., Roder, C., Weber, R., Wolf, A., & Zander, U. (2006). Effects of new vehicle concepts on the infrastructure of the federal truck road network (Final Report). Federal Republic of Germany: Federal Highway Research Institute, Bast.
Glaeser, K., & Ritzinger, A. (2012). Comparison of the performance of heavy vehicles results of the OECD study: “Moving freight with better trucks”. Procedia—Social and Behavioral Sciences, 48, 106–120. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.992
Gregory, A. W., & Reeves, J. J. (2008). Interpreting value at risk (VaR) forecasts. Economic Systems, 32(2), 167–176. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2007.03.001
Grislis, A. (2010). Longer combination vehicles and road safety. Transport, 25(3), 336–343. doi:10.3846/ transport.2010.41
Hanley, P. F., & Forkenbrock, D. J. (2005). Safety of passing longer combination vehicles on two-lane highways. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 39, 1–15. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2004.09.001
Hewitt, J., Stephens, J., Smith, K., & Menuez, N. (1999). Infrastructure and economic impacts of changes in truck weight regulations in Montana. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1653, 42–51. doi:10.3141/1653-06
International Union of Railways Communications Department. (2007). Mega-trucks versus rail freight? What the admission of mega-trucks would really mean for Europe Facts and arguments. Paris: UIC. Retrieved from http://www.uic.org/etf/publication/publication-detail.php?code_pub¼511_02
Knight, I., Newton, W., McKinnon, A., Palmer, A., Barlow, T., McCrae, I., ... Taylor, N. (2008). Longer and/or longer and heavier goods vehicles (LHVs)—a study of the likely effects if permitted in the UK: Final Report (Final Report). UK: TRL study for the UK DfT. Retrieved from http://www.trl.co.uk/ online_store/reports_publications/trl_reports/cat_vehicle_engineering/report_Longer_and/or_ Longer_and_Heavier_Goods_Vehicles_LHVs___a_Study_of_the_Effects_if_Permitted_in_the_UK_ Final_Report.htm
K+P. (2011). Study on the effects of the introduction of LHVs on combined road–rail transport and single wagonload rail freight traffic (Report of October 2011 in cooperation with Fraunhofer ISI). Retrieved from http:// www.cer.be/publications/studies/studies-details/study-on-the-effects-of-the-introduction-of-lhvs-oncombined-road-rail-transport-and-single-wagonload-rail-freight-traffic/
McKinnon, A. C. (2005). The economic and environmental benefits of increasing maximum truck weight: The British experience. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 10(1), 77– 95. doi:10.1016/j.trd.2004.09.006
McKinnon, A. C. (2008). Should the maximum length and weight of trucks be increased? A review of european evidence. Presented at International Symposium on Logistics, Bangkok.
Oficemen. (2009, September). Estudio sobre la viabilidad de la mejora del transporte de mercancı´as mediante el uso de vehı´culos de gran capacidad (Mega-trucks) y la necesidad de adecuacio´n de infraestructuras. Presented at Colegio de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Madrid.
Ortega, A., & Vassallo, J. M. (2012, June). El Megatruck en Espan˜a: ¿Camino hacia una mejora energe´tica y medioambiental?. Paper presented at the X Congreso de Ingenierı´a del transporte, Granada.
Ortega, A., Vassallo, J. M., & Perez, P. J. (2011). Efecto de la implantacio´n del vehı´culo de 25,25 y 60 Ton. en Espan˜a. Balance del incremento de las dimensiones y capacidad de carga ma´ximas de los vehı´culos pesados de transporte por carretera. Madrid: Fundacio´n Corell. Retrieved from http://www.fundacion-fcorell.es/ index.php?option¼com_booklibrary&task¼view&id¼40&catid¼0&Itemid¼63
Pe´rez, P. J., & Monzo´n, A. (2010, July). La eficiencia energe´tica y ambiental de los modos de transporte en Espan˜a. Paper presented at XVI Congreso Panamericano de Ingenierı´a de Tra´nsito y Transporte y Logı´stica, Lisbon. Retrieved from http://oa.upm.es/7420/
Regehr, J. D., Montufar, J., & Clayton, A. (2009). Lessons learned about the impacts of size and weight regulations on the articulated truck fleet in the Canadian prairie region. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 36(4), 607–616. doi:10.1139/L09-011
Roberts, F. L., & Djakfar, L. (2000). Cost of pavement damage due to heavier loads on Louisiana highways: Preliminary assessment. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1732, 3–11. doi:10.3141/1732-01
Rufolo, A. M., Bronfman, L., & Kuhner, E. (2000). Effect of Oregon’s axle-weight-distance tax incentive. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1732, 63–69. doi:10.3141/ 1732-08
Stephens, J., Scoles, J., Patterson, S., & Schillings, P. (1997). Impact on Montana’s highways of adopting CANADIAN interprovincial and canamex limits on vehicle size and weight. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1602, 31–38. doi:10.3141/1602-05
Tapiero, C. S. (2005). Production, manufacturing and logistics value at risk and inventory control. European Journal of Operational Research, 163(3), 769–775. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor. 2003.05.005
Vassallo, J. M., Lo´pez, E., & Pe´rez-Martı´nez, P. J. (2012). Do charges to freight trucks and trains in the European Union reflect their social marginal cost? Application to the case of Spain. Road & Transport Research, 21, 13–24. Retrieved from http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn¼2085484565 26784;res¼IELENG
Vierth, I., Berell, H., McDaniel, J., Haraldsson, M., Hammarstro¨m, U., Mohammad-Reza, Y., ... Bjo¨rketun, U. (2008). The effects of long and heavy trucks on the transport system. Stockholm: VTI. Retrieved from http://www.vti.se/en/publications/the-effects-of-long-and-heavy-trucks-on-the-transportsystem-report-on-a-government-assignment/
Vierth, I., & Haraldsson. M. (2012, September). Socio-economic effects of longer and/or heavier road transport vehicles—the Swedish case. Presented at International Symposium on Heavy Vehicle Transport Technology, Stockholm.
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dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
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spelling Ortega Hortelano, Alejandro992bf8e181aa25c52f05fc51d5b03867600Vassallo Magro, José Manuelc3f2c4a82b4ba7cc1a04ca942ef9c840600Guzman Valderrama, Andres Felipee77df4b5f5f74d0816a14c2dff73948b600Pérez-Martínez, P.J.37d88fa91dab217616dea9eae60c4d0e600Grupo de Investigación en Vías y TransporteCentro de Investigación del Transporte (TRANSyT) (UPM)2022-05-17T21:16:40Z20142022-05-17T21:16:40Z201401441647https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/2062In this paper we carry out a thorough review of the current research related to the benefits and costs arising from the implementation of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs). From this review we concluded that despite the many studies available, little has been said about the sensitivity of the benefits and costs to the ultimate performance of the key variables related to the evolution of the economy, road transport performance, safety, and so on. In order to fill this gap, we have designed a sensitivity approach based on a cost benefit analysis tool to determine which variables demonstrate the greatest influence on the benefits and costs stemming from the implementation of LHVs. In order to test the methodology, we have used it in an analysis of the Spanish trunk network. The results show that the benefits of LHVs for society are significant. Even in the least favorable scenario, the economic benefits are greater than €3500 million over 15 years, and the environment enhanced as well, for CO2 emissions are reduced by 2 Million tonnes. Overall we noted how the results are not very sensitive to the evolution of key variables in determining the final outcome. However, we found that the variables that have the greatest affect on the final benefit, such as traffic growth and social discount rate, depend basically on the performance of the overall economy. Moreover, the private cost for haulers seems to be more important in determining the final benefit than externality costs.En este artículo llevamos a cabo una revisión exhaustiva de la investigación actual relacionada con los beneficios y costos derivados de la implementación de vehículos más largos y pesados ​​(LHV). De esta revisión concluimos que, a pesar de los muchos estudios disponibles, se ha dicho poco sobre la sensibilidad de los beneficios y costos al desempeño final de las variables clave relacionadas con la evolución de la economía, el desempeño del transporte por carretera, la seguridad, etc. Para llenar este vacío, hemos diseñado un enfoque de sensibilidad basado en una herramienta de análisis de costo-beneficio para determinar qué variables demuestran una mayor influencia en los beneficios y costos derivados de la implementación de LHV. Para probar la metodología, la hemos utilizado en un análisis de la red troncal española. Los resultados muestran que los beneficios de los LHV para la sociedad son significativos. Incluso en el escenario menos favorable, los beneficios económicos superan los 3500 millones de euros en 15 años, y también se mejora el medio ambiente, ya que las emisiones de CO2 se reducen en 2 millones de toneladas. En general, notamos cómo los resultados son poco sensibles a la evolución de las variables clave para determinar el resultado final. Sin embargo, encontramos que las variables que más afectan el beneficio final, como el crecimiento del tráfico y la tasa de descuento social, dependen básicamente del desempeño de la economía en general. Además, el costo privado para los transportistas parece ser más importante para determinar el beneficio final que los costos de las externalidades.18 páginas.application/pdfengUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid, España.https://oa.upm.es/35643/Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in SpainArtículo de revistainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85168215034N/ATransport ReviewsAparicio, A. (2012, June). Movilidad 2030: Perspectivas a largo plazo de la movilidad interurbana de viajeros en Espan˜a. Paper presented at the X Congreso de Ingenierı´a del transporte, Granada.Backman, H., & Nordstro¨m, R. (2002). Improved performance of European long haulage transport (Report 2002: 6E). Sweden: Transport Research Institute TFK. Retrieved from http://www.modularsystem. eu/download/facts_and_figures/final_report_extra.pdfBereni, M., & Jacob, E. (2009, January). A look into the likely consequences of adapting weights and dimensions of heavy commercial vehicles in Europe. Paper presented at Transportation Research Board 88th Annual Meeting, Washington.Bergqvist, R., & Behrends, S. (2011). Assessing the effects of longer vehicles: The case of pre- and posthaulage in intermodal transport chains. Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal, 31(5), 591–602. doi:10.1080/01441647.2011.584980Bryan, J. G., Weisbrod, G., & Martland, C. D. (2007). Rail freight as a means of reducing roadway congestion: Feasibility considerations for transportation planning. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2008, 75–83. doi:10.3141/2008-10Campbell, H. F., & Brown, R. P. (2005). A multiple account framework for cost–benefit analysis. Evaluation and Program Planning, 28(1), 23–32. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan. 2004.05.001Christidis, P., & Leduc, G. (2009). Longer and heavier vehicles for freight transport (Report). Sevilla: European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.Clayton, A., Montufar, J., & Middleton, D. (2003). Operation of long semitrailers in the United States. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1833, 79–86. doi:10.3141/ 1833-11Commission for Integrated Transport. (2000). Interim report: Permitting 44 tonne lorries for general use in the UK. London: Commission for Integrated Transport. Retrieved from http://webarchive. nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110304132839/http://cfit.independent.gov.uk/pubs/2000/44tonne/ 44tonne/pdf/44tonne.pdfDebauche, W., & Decock, D. (2007, September). Longer and heavier goods vehicles (LHVS): A multidisciplinary approach to the issue in Belgium. Paper presented at Choice for Sustainable Development. Pre-Proceedings of the 23rd PIARRC World Road Congress, Paris.De Palma, A., Picard, N., & Andrieu, L. (2012). Risk in transport investments. Networks and Spatial Economics, 12(2), 187–204. doi:10.1007/s11067-009-9109-8European Environment Agency. (2009). Transport at a crossroads. TERM 2008: Indicators tracking transport and environment in the European Union (Report no. 3/2009). Copenhagen: European Environment Agency, EEA. Retrieved from http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/transport-at-a-crossroadsEvans, D. J., & Sezer, H. (2005). Social discount rates for member countries of the European Union. Journal of Economic Studies, 32, 47–59. doi:10.1108/01443580510574832Fortowsky, J. K., & Humphreys, J. (2006). Estimating traffic changes and pavement impacts from freight truck diversion following changes in interstate truck weight limits. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1966, 71–79. doi:10.3141/1966-09Ghosn, M., & Moses, F. (2000). Effect of changing truck weight regulations on U.S. bridge network: Part II. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 5(4), 304–310. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/ (ASCE)1084-0702(2000)5:4(304)Glaeser, K., Kaschner, M., Lerner, G., Roder, C., Weber, R., Wolf, A., & Zander, U. (2006). Effects of new vehicle concepts on the infrastructure of the federal truck road network (Final Report). Federal Republic of Germany: Federal Highway Research Institute, Bast.Glaeser, K., & Ritzinger, A. (2012). Comparison of the performance of heavy vehicles results of the OECD study: “Moving freight with better trucks”. Procedia—Social and Behavioral Sciences, 48, 106–120. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.992Gregory, A. W., & Reeves, J. J. (2008). Interpreting value at risk (VaR) forecasts. Economic Systems, 32(2), 167–176. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2007.03.001Grislis, A. (2010). Longer combination vehicles and road safety. Transport, 25(3), 336–343. doi:10.3846/ transport.2010.41Hanley, P. F., & Forkenbrock, D. J. (2005). 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