The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes

The effect of temperature, pH, and Na+/Ca2+ concentration on the adsorptive behavior of organophilic clay used in the solidification/stabilization of hazardous wastes was addressed. The organophilic clay used was montmorillonite type clay modified by cation exchange with a mixed tallow amine as the...

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Autores:: Uribe-Jongbloed, Alberto
Bishop, Paul L.
Pinto, Neville G

Tipo de recurso:: Article of investigation

Fecha de publicación:: 2002

Institución:: Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito

Repositorio:: Repositorio Institucional ECI

Idioma:: eng

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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv	The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes
title	The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes
spellingShingle	The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes Arcilla Residuos peligrosos Estabilización de suelos Clay Hazardous wastes Soil stabilization Organophilic clay Adsorption Hazardous wastes Solidification/stabilization Isotherm Argile organophilique Déchets dangereux Solidification/stabilisation Isotherme
title_short	The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes
title_full	The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes
title_fullStr	The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes
title_full_unstemmed	The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes
title_sort	The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Uribe-Jongbloed, Alberto Bishop, Paul L. Pinto, Neville G
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Uribe-Jongbloed, Alberto Bishop, Paul L. Pinto, Neville G
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv	Centro de Estudios Ambientales
dc.subject.armarc.spa.fl_str_mv	Arcilla Residuos peligrosos Estabilización de suelos
topic	Arcilla Residuos peligrosos Estabilización de suelos Clay Hazardous wastes Soil stabilization Organophilic clay Adsorption Hazardous wastes Solidification/stabilization Isotherm Argile organophilique Déchets dangereux Solidification/stabilisation Isotherme
dc.subject.armarc.eng.fl_str_mv	Clay Hazardous wastes Soil stabilization
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv	Organophilic clay Adsorption Hazardous wastes Solidification/stabilization Isotherm
dc.subject.proposal.fra.fl_str_mv	Argile organophilique Déchets dangereux Solidification/stabilisation Isotherme
description	The effect of temperature, pH, and Na+/Ca2+ concentration on the adsorptive behavior of organophilic clay used in the solidification/stabilization of hazardous wastes was addressed. The organophilic clay used was montmorillonite type clay modified by cation exchange with a mixed tallow amine as the sorbent. The contaminants used in this work were phenol, 2-chlorophenol, aniline, and chlorobenzene. 2-Butanone (also known as methyl ethyl ketone, MEK) was initially studied, but preliminary work showed that the organophilic clay poorly sorbed it and it was not studied further. A group of isothermal tests were performed to clarify specific sorption behaviors due to temperature effects, high pH, and concentration of the cations Na+ and Ca2+. The adsorption capacity of the organophilic clay decreased as follows: chlorobenzene > 2-chlorophenol > phenol > aniline. Desorption in high pH environments was seen for phenol and 2-chlorophenol. Changes in temperature, rise in the pH, or increases in Na+/Ca2+ concentrations had no effect on the adsorption of either aniline or chlorobenzene.
publishDate	2002
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2002
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2023-03-30T21:22:10Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2023-03-30T21:22:10Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv	Artículo de revista
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dc.identifier.eissn.spa.fl_str_mv	1496-256X
identifier_str_mv	1496-2551 1496-256X
url	https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/2229 https://doi.org/10.1139/s02-007
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv	133
dc.relation.citationissue.spa.fl_str_mv	2
dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv	123
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dc.relation.ispartofjournal.eng.fl_str_mv	Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	Arafat, H., Hebatpuria, V., Rho, H., Pinto, N., Bishop, P.L., and Buchanan, R. 1999. Immobilization of phenol in cement-based solidified/stabilized hazardous wastes using regenerated activated carbon: role of carbon. J. Hazard. Mater. 70: 139–1569. Boyd, S.A., and Mortland, M.M. 1988. Sorption characteristics of organic compounds on hexadecyltrimethylammonium-smectite. J. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 52: 652–656. Cadena, F. 1989. Use of tailored bentonite for selective removal of organic pollutants. J. Environ. Eng. 115: 756–767. Conner, J. 1990. Chemical fixation and solidification of hazardous wastes. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York, N.Y. Dentel, S.K., Bottero, J.Y., Khatib, K., Demougeot, H., Duguet, J., and Anselm, C. 1995. Sorption of tannic acid, phenol, and 2,4,5- trichlorophenol on organo-clays. Water Res. 29(5): 1273–1280. Dentel, S.K., Jamrah, A.I., and Sparkes, D. 1998. Sorption and cosorption of 1,2,4-‘trichlorobenzene and tannic acid by organo-clays. Water Res. 32: 3689–3697. El-Nahhal, Y., Nir, S., Margulies, L., and Rubin, B. 1999. Reduction of photodegradation and volatilization of herbicides in organo-clay formulations. Appl. Clay Sci. 14: 105–119. Faschan, A., Cartledge, F., and Tittlebaum, M. 1993. Effect of calcium hydroxide and pH on organo-clay adsorption of organic compounds. J. Environ. Sci. Health, A28: 585–597. Gibbons, J., and Soundararajan, R. 1988. The nature of chemical bonding between modified clay minerals and organic waste materials. Am. Lab. : 38–46. Gitipour, S. 1993. The use of modified clays for treatment of organics in contaminated soils. M.S. thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. Grim, R.E. 1968. Clay mineralogy. McGraw Hill, New York, N.Y Guangyao, S., Shihe, X., and Boyd, S. 1996. Cosorption of organic contaminants from water by hexadecyltrimethylammonium-exchanged clays. Water Res. 30: 1483–1489. Hebatpuria, V., Arafat, H., Bishop, P.L., and Pinto, N. 1999a. Leaching behavior of selected aromatics in cement-based solidification/stabilization under different leaching tests. Environ. Eng. Sci. 16: 451–464. Hebatpuria, V., Arafat, H., Rho, H., Bishop, P.L., Pinto, N., and Buchanan, T. 1999b. Immobilization of phenol in cement-based solidified/stabilized hazardous wastes using regenerated activated carbon: leaching studies. J. Hazard. Mater. 70: 117–138. Homenauth, O.P., and McBride, M.B. 1994. Adsorption of aniline on layer silicate clays and organic soil. J. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 58: 347– 354. Jaynes, W.F., and Boyd, S.A. 1991. Clay mineral type and organic compounds sorption by hexadecyltrimethylammonium-exchanged clay. J. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 55: 43–48. Kramer, M.J. 2000. Azo dye sorption from wastewater streams via organophilic clay sorption. M.S. thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. 97 p. plus appendices. Lide, D.R.(1993) CRC handbook of chemistry and physics, 73rd ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. Lo, I. 1996. Solidification/stabilization of phenolic waste using organic-clay complex. J. Environ. Eng. 122: 850–855. Montgomery, D., Sollars, C., Perry, R., Tarling, S., Barnes, P., and Henderson, E. 1991. Treatment of organic-contaminated industrial wastes using cement-based stabilization/solidification — II. Microstructural analysis of the organophilic clay as a pre-solidification adsorbent. Waste Manag. Res. 9: 113–125. Polubesova, T., Rytwo, G., and Margulies, L. 1997. Adsorption of benzyltrimethylammonium and benzyltriethylammoinium on montmorillonite: experimental studies and model calculations. Clays Clay Miner. 45: 834–841. Rho, H., Arafat, H., Kountz, B., Buchanan, R., Pinto, N., and Bishop, P.L. 2001. Decomposition of hazardous organic materials in the solidification/stabilization process using catalytic activated carbon. Waste Manag. 21: 343–356. Stevens, J., and Anderson, S. 1996. An FTIR study of water sorption on TMA- and TMPA-montmorillonites. Clays Clay Miner. 44: 142– 150. Stevens, J., and Anderson, S. 1996. Orientation of trimethylphenylammonium (TMPA) on Wyoming montmorillonite. Clays Clay Miner. 44: 132–141. Theng, B.K. 1974. The chemistry of clay-organic reactions. Wiley, New York, N.Y. Uribe, A. 2000. Solidification/stabilization of hazardous wastes using organophilic clays. M.S. thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. University of Cincinnati. Cincinnati, Ohio. 126 p. Watts, R.J. 1998. Hazardous wastes: sources, pathways, and receptors, Wiley, New York, NY. Zhao, H., Jaynes, W.F., William, F., and Vance, G. 1996. Sorption of the ionizable organic compound dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxy benzoic acid) by organo-clay. Chemosphere. 33: 2089–2100. Zhao, H., and Vance, G.F. 1998. Sorption of trichloroethylene by organo-clays in the presence of humic substances. Water Res. 32: 3710–3716.
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spelling	Uribe-Jongbloed, Alberto67d0e12c899d12e1ef50e472bec286a5600Bishop, Paul L.5da8172b3c181a533e73be764097db8a600Pinto, Neville G5bea6fa53707228bbc2b60297fed997b600Centro de Estudios Ambientales2023-03-30T21:22:10Z2023-03-30T21:22:10Z20021496-2551https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/2229https://doi.org/10.1139/s02-0071496-256XThe effect of temperature, pH, and Na+/Ca2+ concentration on the adsorptive behavior of organophilic clay used in the solidification/stabilization of hazardous wastes was addressed. The organophilic clay used was montmorillonite type clay modified by cation exchange with a mixed tallow amine as the sorbent. The contaminants used in this work were phenol, 2-chlorophenol, aniline, and chlorobenzene. 2-Butanone (also known as methyl ethyl ketone, MEK) was initially studied, but preliminary work showed that the organophilic clay poorly sorbed it and it was not studied further. A group of isothermal tests were performed to clarify specific sorption behaviors due to temperature effects, high pH, and concentration of the cations Na+ and Ca2+. The adsorption capacity of the organophilic clay decreased as follows: chlorobenzene > 2-chlorophenol > phenol > aniline. Desorption in high pH environments was seen for phenol and 2-chlorophenol. Changes in temperature, rise in the pH, or increases in Na+/Ca2+ concentrations had no effect on the adsorption of either aniline or chlorobenzene.Cet article traite de l’effet de la température, du pH et de la concentration Na+/Ca2+ sur l’absorption de l’argile organophilique utilisée pour la solidification/stabilisation des déchets dangereux. L’argile organophilique utilisée était une argile du groupe de la montmorillonite, modifiée par échange cationique avec une amine mélangée de suif servant de sorbant. Les contaminants utilisés dans ce travail étaient le phénol, le 2-chlorophénol, l’aniline et le chlorobenzène. Le 2-butanone (également connu sous le nom de méthyléthylcétone) a été étudié au début, mais le travail préliminaire a démontré que l’argile organophilique l’absorbait mal et il n’a pas été étudié plus longtemps. Un groupe de tests isothermes ont été effectués de manière à comprendre les comportements de sorption spécifiques selon les effets de la température, du pH élevé et la concentration des cations Na+ et Ca2+. La capacité d’absorption de l’argile organophilique décroissait selon l’ordre suivant : chlorobenzène > 2-chlorophénol > phénol > aniline. La désorption dans les environnements à pH élevés a été remarquée pour le phénol et le 2-chlorophénol. Des changements dans la température, une augmentation du pH ou des augmentations dans les concentrations de Na+/Ca2+ n’ont eu aucun effet sur l’absorption de l’aniline ou du chlorobenzène.Se abordó el efecto de la temperatura, el pH y la concentración de Na+/Ca2+ en el comportamiento de adsorción de la arcilla organofílica utilizada en la solidificación/estabilización de residuos peligrosos. La arcilla organofílica utilizada fue del tipo montmorillonita modificada por intercambio catiónico con una amina de sebo mezclada como sorbente. Los contaminantes utilizados en este trabajo fueron fenol, 2-clorofenol, anilina y clorobenceno. Inicialmente se estudió la 2-butanona (también conocida como metiletilcetona, MEK), pero los trabajos preliminares mostraron que la arcilla organófila la sorbía mal y no se siguió estudiando. Se realizó un grupo de ensayos isotérmicos para aclarar los comportamientos específicos de sorción debidos a los efectos de la temperatura, el pH elevado y la concentración de los cationes Na+ y Ca2+. La capacidad de adsorción de la arcilla organófila disminuyó de la siguiente manera: clorobenceno > 2-clorofenol > fenol > anilina. La desorción en entornos de pH elevado se observó para el fenol y el 2-clorofenol. Los cambios de temperatura, el aumento del pH o los incrementos de las concentraciones de Na+/Ca2+ no tuvieron ningún efecto sobre la adsorción ni de la anilina ni del clorobenceno.11 páginasapplication/pdfenghttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbhttps://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/epdf/10.1139/s02-007The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastesArtículo de revistainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Colombia13321231N/AJournal of Environmental Engineering and ScienceArafat, H., Hebatpuria, V., Rho, H., Pinto, N., Bishop, P.L., and Buchanan, R. 1999. Immobilization of phenol in cement-based solidified/stabilized hazardous wastes using regenerated activated carbon: role of carbon. J. Hazard. Mater. 70: 139–1569.Boyd, S.A., and Mortland, M.M. 1988. Sorption characteristics of organic compounds on hexadecyltrimethylammonium-smectite. J. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 52: 652–656.Cadena, F. 1989. Use of tailored bentonite for selective removal of organic pollutants. J. Environ. Eng. 115: 756–767.Conner, J. 1990. Chemical fixation and solidification of hazardous wastes. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York, N.Y.Dentel, S.K., Bottero, J.Y., Khatib, K., Demougeot, H., Duguet, J., and Anselm, C. 1995. Sorption of tannic acid, phenol, and 2,4,5- trichlorophenol on organo-clays. Water Res. 29(5): 1273–1280.Dentel, S.K., Jamrah, A.I., and Sparkes, D. 1998. Sorption and cosorption of 1,2,4-‘trichlorobenzene and tannic acid by organo-clays. Water Res. 32: 3689–3697.El-Nahhal, Y., Nir, S., Margulies, L., and Rubin, B. 1999. Reduction of photodegradation and volatilization of herbicides in organo-clay formulations. Appl. Clay Sci. 14: 105–119.Faschan, A., Cartledge, F., and Tittlebaum, M. 1993. Effect of calcium hydroxide and pH on organo-clay adsorption of organic compounds. J. Environ. Sci. Health, A28: 585–597.Gibbons, J., and Soundararajan, R. 1988. The nature of chemical bonding between modified clay minerals and organic waste materials. Am. Lab. : 38–46.Gitipour, S. 1993. The use of modified clays for treatment of organics in contaminated soils. M.S. thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.Grim, R.E. 1968. Clay mineralogy. McGraw Hill, New York, N.YGuangyao, S., Shihe, X., and Boyd, S. 1996. Cosorption of organic contaminants from water by hexadecyltrimethylammonium-exchanged clays. Water Res. 30: 1483–1489.Hebatpuria, V., Arafat, H., Bishop, P.L., and Pinto, N. 1999a. Leaching behavior of selected aromatics in cement-based solidification/stabilization under different leaching tests. Environ. Eng. Sci. 16: 451–464.Hebatpuria, V., Arafat, H., Rho, H., Bishop, P.L., Pinto, N., and Buchanan, T. 1999b. Immobilization of phenol in cement-based solidified/stabilized hazardous wastes using regenerated activated carbon: leaching studies. J. Hazard. Mater. 70: 117–138.Homenauth, O.P., and McBride, M.B. 1994. Adsorption of aniline on layer silicate clays and organic soil. J. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 58: 347– 354.Jaynes, W.F., and Boyd, S.A. 1991. Clay mineral type and organic compounds sorption by hexadecyltrimethylammonium-exchanged clay. J. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 55: 43–48.Kramer, M.J. 2000. Azo dye sorption from wastewater streams via organophilic clay sorption. M.S. thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. 97 p. plus appendices.Lide, D.R.(1993) CRC handbook of chemistry and physics, 73rd ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.Lo, I. 1996. Solidification/stabilization of phenolic waste using organic-clay complex. J. Environ. Eng. 122: 850–855.Montgomery, D., Sollars, C., Perry, R., Tarling, S., Barnes, P., and Henderson, E. 1991. Treatment of organic-contaminated industrial wastes using cement-based stabilization/solidification — II. Microstructural analysis of the organophilic clay as a pre-solidification adsorbent. Waste Manag. Res. 9: 113–125.Polubesova, T., Rytwo, G., and Margulies, L. 1997. Adsorption of benzyltrimethylammonium and benzyltriethylammoinium on montmorillonite: experimental studies and model calculations. Clays Clay Miner. 45: 834–841.Rho, H., Arafat, H., Kountz, B., Buchanan, R., Pinto, N., and Bishop, P.L. 2001. Decomposition of hazardous organic materials in the solidification/stabilization process using catalytic activated carbon. Waste Manag. 21: 343–356.Stevens, J., and Anderson, S. 1996. An FTIR study of water sorption on TMA- and TMPA-montmorillonites. Clays Clay Miner. 44: 142– 150.Stevens, J., and Anderson, S. 1996. Orientation of trimethylphenylammonium (TMPA) on Wyoming montmorillonite. Clays Clay Miner. 44: 132–141.Theng, B.K. 1974. The chemistry of clay-organic reactions. Wiley, New York, N.Y.Uribe, A. 2000. Solidification/stabilization of hazardous wastes using organophilic clays. M.S. thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. University of Cincinnati. Cincinnati, Ohio. 126 p.Watts, R.J. 1998. Hazardous wastes: sources, pathways, and receptors, Wiley, New York, NY.Zhao, H., Jaynes, W.F., William, F., and Vance, G. 1996. Sorption of the ionizable organic compound dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxy benzoic acid) by organo-clay. Chemosphere. 33: 2089–2100.Zhao, H., and Vance, G.F. 1998. Sorption of trichloroethylene by organo-clays in the presence of humic substances. Water Res. 32: 3710–3716.ArcillaResiduos peligrososEstabilización de suelosClayHazardous wastesSoil stabilizationOrganophilic clayAdsorptionHazardous wastesSolidification/stabilizationIsothermArgile organophiliqueDéchets dangereuxSolidification/stabilisationIsothermeTHUMBNAILThe influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization solidification of hazardous waste.pdf.jpgThe influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization solidification of hazardous waste.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg17583https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/2229/4/The%20influence%20of%20pH%20and%20temperature%20changes%20on%20the%20adsorption%20behavior%20of%20organophilic%20clays%20used%20in%20the%20stabilization%20solidification%20of%20hazardous%20waste.pdf.jpg3a13f27ae0ce0a89455c2ecaeac36493MD54open accessTEXTThe influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization solidification of hazardous waste.pdf.txtThe influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization solidification of hazardous waste.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain37310https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/2229/3/The%20influence%20of%20pH%20and%20temperature%20changes%20on%20the%20adsorption%20behavior%20of%20organophilic%20clays%20used%20in%20the%20stabilization%20solidification%20of%20hazardous%20waste.pdf.txt0330fee5f8a90f1b42171ec43423d8beMD53open accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81881https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/2229/2/license.txt5a7ca94c2e5326ee169f979d71d0f06eMD52open accessORIGINALThe influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization solidification of hazardous waste.pdfThe influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization solidification of hazardous waste.pdfArtículo de revistaapplication/pdf181445https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/2229/1/The%20influence%20of%20pH%20and%20temperature%20changes%20on%20the%20adsorption%20behavior%20of%20organophilic%20clays%20used%20in%20the%20stabilization%20solidification%20of%20hazardous%20waste.pdf90ff914cdeea0304099bc03fa2e31e5aMD51open access001/2229oai:repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co:001/22292023-08-04 12:32:23.771open accessRepositorio Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavitorepositorio.eci@escuelaing.edu.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

The influence of pH and temperature changes on the adsorption behavior of organophilic clays used in the stabilization/solidification of hazardous wastes

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