Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect

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Autores:
MEJIA MORALES, AURA SOFIA
CAICEDO ANGULO, JULIO CESAR
APERADOR CHAPARRO, WILLIAM ARNULFO
PRIETO PULIDO, PEDRO ANTONIO
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2012
Institución:
Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito
Repositorio:
Repositorio Institucional ECI
Idioma:
eng
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oai:repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co:001/3286
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/3286
https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/
Palabra clave:
Electroquímica
Electrochemistry
Análisis electroquímico
Electrochemical analysis
Acero
Steel
Compuestos metálicos
Metallic composites
Impact angle
Erosion-corrosion
Multilayer coating
Electrochemical tests
Surface analysis
Ángulo de impacto
Revestimiento multicapa
Pruebas electroquímicas
Análisis de superficies
Rights
closedAccess
License
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
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network_acronym_str ESCUELAIG2
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repository_id_str
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect
title Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect
spellingShingle Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect
Electroquímica
Electrochemistry
Análisis electroquímico
Electrochemical analysis
Acero
Steel
Compuestos metálicos
Metallic composites
Impact angle
Erosion-corrosion
Multilayer coating
Electrochemical tests
Surface analysis
Ángulo de impacto
Revestimiento multicapa
Pruebas electroquímicas
Análisis de superficies
title_short Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect
title_full Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect
title_fullStr Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect
title_full_unstemmed Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect
title_sort Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect
dc.creator.fl_str_mv MEJIA MORALES, AURA SOFIA
CAICEDO ANGULO, JULIO CESAR
APERADOR CHAPARRO, WILLIAM ARNULFO
PRIETO PULIDO, PEDRO ANTONIO
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv MEJIA MORALES, AURA SOFIA
CAICEDO ANGULO, JULIO CESAR
APERADOR CHAPARRO, WILLIAM ARNULFO
PRIETO PULIDO, PEDRO ANTONIO
dc.contributor.corporatename.spa.fl_str_mv ELSEVIER
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv Diseño Sostenible en Ingeniería Mecánica (DSIM)
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv Electroquímica
Electrochemistry
Análisis electroquímico
Electrochemical analysis
Acero
Steel
Compuestos metálicos
Metallic composites
topic Electroquímica
Electrochemistry
Análisis electroquímico
Electrochemical analysis
Acero
Steel
Compuestos metálicos
Metallic composites
Impact angle
Erosion-corrosion
Multilayer coating
Electrochemical tests
Surface analysis
Ángulo de impacto
Revestimiento multicapa
Pruebas electroquímicas
Análisis de superficies
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv Impact angle
Erosion-corrosion
Multilayer coating
Electrochemical tests
Surface analysis
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Ángulo de impacto
Revestimiento multicapa
Pruebas electroquímicas
Análisis de superficies
description Digital
publishDate 2012
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2012-05
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2024-09-24T16:51:48Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2024-09-24T16:51:48Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/3286
dc.identifier.eissn.spa.fl_str_mv 0042-207X
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv Repositorio Digital
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv 0042-207X
Universidad Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito
Repositorio Digital
url https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/3286
https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.citationedition.spa.fl_str_mv Volume 86 (2012)
dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv 1894
dc.relation.citationissue.spa.fl_str_mv 12
dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv 1886
dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv 86
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.eng.fl_str_mv Vacuum
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Annual book of ASTM standards 2002. Section 03, 03-02, G119e93; 2002
Evans U. The corrosion and oxidation of metals. Edward Arnold Ltd; 1981
Chanai GR, Antolovich SD. Metall Trans 1974;5(A):217
Kondo M, Tsisar V, Muroga T, Nagasaka T, Yeliseyeva O. J Plasma Fusion Res SERIES 2010;9:294e9.
Burstein GT, Sasaki K. Wear 2000;240:80e94
Aiming F, Jinming L, Ziyun T. Wear 1996;193:73e7
Toro A, Sinatora A, Tanaka DK, Tschiptschin AP. Wear 2001;251:1257e64
Neville A, Hodgkiess T, Dallas JT. Wear 1995;187:497e507.
Cabrera G, Torres F, Caicedo JC, Aperador W, Amaya C, Prieto P. JMEPEG ASM Int 2012;21:128e36.
Aperador W, Caicedo JC, España C, Cabrera G, Amaya C. J Phys Chem Solids 2010;71:1754e9.
Caicedo JC, Yate L, Cabrera G, Aperador W, Zambrano G, Prieto P. J Mater Sci 2011;46:1244e52
Lopez D, Sanchez C, Toro A. Wear 2005;258:684e92
Purandare YP, Stack MM, Hovsepian PEh. Surf Coat Tech 2006;201:361e70.
Stack MM, Purandare Y, Hovsepian P. Surf Coat Tech 2004;188e189: 556e65
Sanchéz JE, Sanchéz OM, Ipaz L, Aperador W, Caicedo JC, Amaya C, et al. Appl Surf Sci 2010;256:2380e7
Lin J, Moore JJ, Mishra B, Pinkas M, Sproul WD. Surf Coat Technol 2009;204: 936e40
Tien S-K, Duh J-G. Thin Solid Films 2006;515:1097
Bhushan Bharat. Nanotribology and nanomechanics e an introduction. Springer; 2005
Yang S, E Cooke K, Li X, McIntosh F, Teer DG. J Phys D Appl Phys 2009;42: 104001
Kim Sung Min, Lee Sang Yul, Lee Bo Young. J Vacuum Sci Technol A Vacuum Surf Films 2009;27:873e9
Cabrera G, Caicedo JC, Amaya C, Yate L, Muñoz Saldaña J, Prieto P. Mater Chem Phys 2011;125:576e86.
] Suresha SJ, Math S, Jayaram V, Biswas SK. Philos Mag 2007;87:2521e39
ASTM G3 e 89. Standard practice for conventions applicable to electrochemical measurements in corrosion testing; 2010.
Misra A, Finnie I. Wear 1981;68:33e9.
ASTM G119. Standard guide for determining synergism between wear and corrosion; 2009.
Wang HW, Stack MM, Lyon SB, Hovsepian P, Münz W-D. Surf Coat Tech 2000; 126:279e87
Fenker M, Balzer M, Jehn HA, Kappl H, Lee J-J, Lee K-H, et al. Surf Coat Tech 2002;150:101e6
Nazarenko PV, Molyar AG, Polishchuk IE, Yachinskaya OG, Il’in AA. Metal Sci Heat Treat 1990;32(4):305e8.
Jehn HA. Surf Coat Tech 2000;125:212e7.
William VK, Barshilia Harish C, EzhilSelvi V, Kalavati, Rajam KS. Thin Solid Films 2006;514:204e11
Afrasiabi A, Saremi M, Kobayashi A. Mater Sci Eng A 2008;478:264e9.
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dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv 9 paginas
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dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv EL SEVIER
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2012.05.007
institution Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito
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spelling MEJIA MORALES, AURA SOFIA6f4db22d44a199e778371c4b3319df5fCAICEDO ANGULO, JULIO CESAR8e738c77fd682f860de22fdd7214d6c9APERADOR CHAPARRO, WILLIAM ARNULFOfe9bba8505116de2a77e0c3abcd196eaPRIETO PULIDO, PEDRO ANTONIO613268dcb13de36ce09bc1199dac84c4ELSEVIERDiseño Sostenible en Ingeniería Mecánica (DSIM)2024-09-24T16:51:48Z2024-09-24T16:51:48Z2012-050042-207Xhttps://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/32860042-207XUniversidad Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio GaravitoRepositorio Digitalhttps://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/DigitalThe erosive-corrosive effect of aqueous NaCl slurries on metals and metals coated with a multilayer system was analyzed. The erosion-corrosion experiments were performed in a test machine in which the impingement velocity, impact angle, concentration of solids and pH of the solution were controlled. Polarization curves were simultaneously obtained to correlate the electrochemical effects to the erosive wear mechanisms. The slurry used consists of silica particles suspended in a mixture of acid solution and 3.5% NaCl, with a pH value of 5.6. Electrochemical results showed the best corrosion resistance for steel coated with CrN/AlN system deposited with 50 bilayer. Additionally, the surface analysis by SEM micrograph revealed formation of cracks in CrN/AlN multilayers coating and plastic deformation in both steel substrates (AISI D3 steel and 304 stainless steel), especially when the mean impact angle is a critical value of 90 . Measurements of critical and passive current densities showed that the behavior of coated materials differed depending on the substrate that is used. Nonetheless, in a general way, by increasing the impact angle and by changing its incidence from normal to grazing, it led to an improved resistance to erosion-corrosion processes.El efecto erosivo-corrosivo de las suspensiones acuosas de NaCl sobre metales y metales recubiertos con una multicapa. Se analizó el sistema. Los experimentos de erosión-corrosión se realizaron en una máquina de prueba en la que el Se controlaron la velocidad de impacto, el ángulo de impacto, la concentración de sólidos y el pH de la solución. Se obtuvieron simultáneamente curvas de polarización para correlacionar los efectos electroquímicos con la erosión. mecanismos de desgaste. La suspensión utilizada consiste en partículas de sílice suspendidas en una mezcla de solución ácida y NaCl al 3,5%, con un valor de pH de 5,6. Los resultados electroquímicos mostraron la mejor resistencia a la corrosión para el acero. recubierto con sistema CrN/AlN depositado con 50 bicapa. Además, el análisis de superficie por SEM La micrografía reveló la formación de grietas en el revestimiento multicapa de CrN/AlN y deformación plástica en ambos. sustratos de acero (acero AISI D3 y acero inoxidable 304), especialmente cuando el ángulo de impacto medio es un factor crítico. valor de 90 . Las mediciones de densidades de corriente crítica y pasiva mostraron que el comportamiento de los recubiertos Los materiales diferían según el sustrato que se utilizara. Sin embargo, de manera general, al aumentar el ángulo de impacto y al cambiar su incidencia de normal a rasante, condujo a una resistencia mejorada a procesos de erosión-corrosión.9 paginasapplication/pdfengEL SEVIERhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2012.05.007Determination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN/AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effectArtículo de revistainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Volume 86 (2012)189412188686VacuumAnnual book of ASTM standards 2002. Section 03, 03-02, G119e93; 2002Evans U. The corrosion and oxidation of metals. Edward Arnold Ltd; 1981Chanai GR, Antolovich SD. Metall Trans 1974;5(A):217Kondo M, Tsisar V, Muroga T, Nagasaka T, Yeliseyeva O. J Plasma Fusion Res SERIES 2010;9:294e9.Burstein GT, Sasaki K. Wear 2000;240:80e94Aiming F, Jinming L, Ziyun T. Wear 1996;193:73e7Toro A, Sinatora A, Tanaka DK, Tschiptschin AP. Wear 2001;251:1257e64Neville A, Hodgkiess T, Dallas JT. Wear 1995;187:497e507.Cabrera G, Torres F, Caicedo JC, Aperador W, Amaya C, Prieto P. JMEPEG ASM Int 2012;21:128e36.Aperador W, Caicedo JC, España C, Cabrera G, Amaya C. J Phys Chem Solids 2010;71:1754e9.Caicedo JC, Yate L, Cabrera G, Aperador W, Zambrano G, Prieto P. J Mater Sci 2011;46:1244e52Lopez D, Sanchez C, Toro A. Wear 2005;258:684e92Purandare YP, Stack MM, Hovsepian PEh. Surf Coat Tech 2006;201:361e70.Stack MM, Purandare Y, Hovsepian P. Surf Coat Tech 2004;188e189: 556e65Sanchéz JE, Sanchéz OM, Ipaz L, Aperador W, Caicedo JC, Amaya C, et al. Appl Surf Sci 2010;256:2380e7Lin J, Moore JJ, Mishra B, Pinkas M, Sproul WD. Surf Coat Technol 2009;204: 936e40Tien S-K, Duh J-G. Thin Solid Films 2006;515:1097Bhushan Bharat. Nanotribology and nanomechanics e an introduction. Springer; 2005Yang S, E Cooke K, Li X, McIntosh F, Teer DG. J Phys D Appl Phys 2009;42: 104001Kim Sung Min, Lee Sang Yul, Lee Bo Young. J Vacuum Sci Technol A Vacuum Surf Films 2009;27:873e9Cabrera G, Caicedo JC, Amaya C, Yate L, Muñoz Saldaña J, Prieto P. Mater Chem Phys 2011;125:576e86.] Suresha SJ, Math S, Jayaram V, Biswas SK. Philos Mag 2007;87:2521e39ASTM G3 e 89. Standard practice for conventions applicable to electrochemical measurements in corrosion testing; 2010.Misra A, Finnie I. Wear 1981;68:33e9.ASTM G119. Standard guide for determining synergism between wear and corrosion; 2009.Wang HW, Stack MM, Lyon SB, Hovsepian P, Münz W-D. Surf Coat Tech 2000; 126:279e87Fenker M, Balzer M, Jehn HA, Kappl H, Lee J-J, Lee K-H, et al. Surf Coat Tech 2002;150:101e6Nazarenko PV, Molyar AG, Polishchuk IE, Yachinskaya OG, Il’in AA. Metal Sci Heat Treat 1990;32(4):305e8.Jehn HA. Surf Coat Tech 2000;125:212e7.William VK, Barshilia Harish C, EzhilSelvi V, Kalavati, Rajam KS. Thin Solid Films 2006;514:204e11Afrasiabi A, Saremi M, Kobayashi A. Mater Sci Eng A 2008;478:264e9.info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbElectroquímicaElectrochemistryAnálisis electroquímicoElectrochemical analysisAceroSteelCompuestos metálicosMetallic compositesImpact angleErosion-corrosionMultilayer coatingElectrochemical testsSurface analysisÁngulo de impactoRevestimiento multicapaPruebas electroquímicasAnálisis de superficiesTEXTDetermination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect.pdf.txtDetermination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain40633https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/3286/4/Determination%20of%20the%20best%20behavior%20among%20AISI%20D3%20steel%2c%20304%20stainless%20steel%20and%20CrN%20AlN%20coatings%20under%20erosive-corrosive%20effect.pdf.txtfffa849606d2b22f0a12dfff9d232815MD54metadata only accessTHUMBNAILDetermination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and.PNGDetermination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and.PNGimage/png247018https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/3286/3/Determination%20of%20the%20best%20behavior%20among%20AISI%20D3%20steel%2c%20304%20stainless%20steel%20and.PNGa2788330a53dc3e710661d7fe5f44f2cMD53open accessDetermination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect.pdf.jpgDetermination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg15981https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/3286/5/Determination%20of%20the%20best%20behavior%20among%20AISI%20D3%20steel%2c%20304%20stainless%20steel%20and%20CrN%20AlN%20coatings%20under%20erosive-corrosive%20effect.pdf.jpg008af7a0e421f3b843e03268025a1bbbMD55metadata only accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81881https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/3286/2/license.txt5a7ca94c2e5326ee169f979d71d0f06eMD52open accessORIGINALDetermination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect.pdfDetermination of the best behavior among AISI D3 steel, 304 stainless steel and CrN AlN coatings under erosive-corrosive effect.pdfapplication/pdf1472945https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/3286/1/Determination%20of%20the%20best%20behavior%20among%20AISI%20D3%20steel%2c%20304%20stainless%20steel%20and%20CrN%20AlN%20coatings%20under%20erosive-corrosive%20effect.pdfbac99fde3b141c930d6df61ad1c36570MD51metadata only access001/3286oai:repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co:001/32862024-09-25 03:01:01.309metadata only accessRepositorio Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavitorepositorio.eci@escuelaing.edu.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