Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions

Ethanol is one of the fastest growing industries in the United States. This study estimates factors that impact location decisions for new ethanol plants using logistic regression analysis and spatial correlation techniques. The results indicate that location decisions are impacted by county agricul...

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Autores:: Sarmiento, Camilo
Wilson, William W.
Dahl, Bruce

Tipo de recurso:: Article of journal

Fecha de publicación:: 2012

Institución:: Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito

Repositorio:: Repositorio Institucional ECI

Idioma:: eng

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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv	Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions
title	Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions
spellingShingle	Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions Agricultura - Aspectos económicos Etanol - Aspectos económicos Plantas de etanol - Aspectos económicos Agricultura y estado Agriculture - Economic aspects Ethanol - Economic aspects Ethanol Plants - Economic Aspects Agriculture and state
title_short	Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions
title_full	Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions
title_fullStr	Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions
title_full_unstemmed	Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions
title_sort	Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Sarmiento, Camilo Wilson, William W. Dahl, Bruce
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Sarmiento, Camilo Wilson, William W. Dahl, Bruce
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv	Centro de Estudios Económicos
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv	Agricultura - Aspectos económicos Etanol - Aspectos económicos Plantas de etanol - Aspectos económicos Agricultura y estado Agriculture - Economic aspects Ethanol - Economic aspects Ethanol Plants - Economic Aspects Agriculture and state
topic	Agricultura - Aspectos económicos Etanol - Aspectos económicos Plantas de etanol - Aspectos económicos Agricultura y estado Agriculture - Economic aspects Ethanol - Economic aspects Ethanol Plants - Economic Aspects Agriculture and state
description	Ethanol is one of the fastest growing industries in the United States. This study estimates factors that impact location decisions for new ethanol plants using logistic regression analysis and spatial correlation techniques. The results indicate that location decisions are impacted by county agricultural characteristics, competing ethanol plants, and state-level subsidies. Spatial competition is particularly important. Existence of competing ethanol plants reduces the likelihood of making a positive location decision, and this impact decreases with distance. Finally, state-level subsidies are significant and a very important variable impacting ethanol location decisions. [JEL Classification: C13, C21, C25, C35, Q42]. C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
publishDate	2012
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2012
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2023-08-24T12:40:05Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2023-08-24T12:40:05Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv	Artículo de revista
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identifier_str_mv	1520-6297 Universidad Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito Repositorio Digital
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dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	eng
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dc.relation.citationedition.spa.fl_str_mv	Vol. 28 No. 3 de 2012
dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv	272
dc.relation.citationissue.spa.fl_str_mv	3
dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv	260
dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv	28
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dc.relation.ispartofjournal.eng.fl_str_mv	Agribusiness
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	Anselin, L. (2003). Spatial externalities. International Regional Science Review, 26, 147–152. Anselin, L., Bongiovanni, R., & Lowenberg-DeBoer, J. (2004). A spatial econometric approach to the economics of site-specific nitrogen management in corn production. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 86, 675–687. Case, A. (1992). Neighborhood influence and technological change. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 22, 491–508. Dubin, R. (1995). Estimating logit models with spatial dependence. New Directions in Spatial Econometrics. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. Collins, K. (2006). Statement of Keith Collins, Chief Economist, U.S. Department of Agriculture Before the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.usda.gov/oce/ newsroom/congressional_testimony/Biofuels%20Tes Energy Information Administration. (2006a). Annual Energy Outlook, 2006: With projections to 2030 (AEO2006). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Energy. Energy Information Administration. (2006b). EliminatingMTBE in Gasoline in 2006.Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Energy. Energy Information Administration. (2010). Annual Energy Outlook, 2010: With projections to 2035 [DOE/EIAA-0383(2010)]. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Energy Information Administration. Ethanol Producer Magazine. (2006). Plant locations/planned expansions. Retrieved August 7, 2006, from http://www.ethanolproducer.com/plant-list.jsp?country=USA Fatka, J. (2006a, November 27). CRP not corn’s answer. Feedstuffs, p. 1. Fatka, J. (2006b, November 27). Rotations, biotechnology give corn an edge. Feedstuffs, p. 1. Feed Management. (1995–2004, September/October). U.S. Feed Market Data. Feed Management. Hart, C. (2006a, Spring). CRP Acreage on the horizon. Iowa Ag Review, 12, 8–9. Hart, C. (2006b, Fall). Feeding the ethanol boom: Where will the corn come from? Iowa Ag Review, 12, 4. Irwin, E.G., & Bockstael, N.E. (2003). Interacting agents, spatial externalities, and the evolution of residential land use patterns. Journal of Economic Geography, 2, 31–54. Kelejian, H.H., & Prucha, I.R. (2001). On the asymptotic distribution of the Moran i test statistic with applications. Journal of Econometrics, 10(4), 219–257. Klier, T., & McMillen, D.P. (2008). Clustering of auto supplier plants in the United States: Generalized method of moments spatial logit for large samples. Journal of Business and Economics Statistics, 26(4), 460–471. Loftus, L. (2010, October 11). Clock ticking down on U.S. ethanol subsidies. International Herald Tribune, p. 10. Mann Global Research. (2006). Daily briefing. Retrieved December 5, 2006, from https://research.mfglobal. com/dailyres/main.asp?f=1&20070726143503 McMillen, D.P. (1995). Spatial effects in probit models: A Monte Carlo investigation. New Directions in Spatial Econometrics. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. Meyer, P. (2006, April 25). Biotech conference provides venue for discussion of ethanol. Milling and Baking News, p. 20. National Agricultural Statistics Service. (1995–2005). Aygricultural Statistics Database. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Retrieved August 7, 2006, from http://www.nass.usda.gov/index.asp National Agricultural Statistics Service. (2007). U.S. Farmers plant largest corn crop in 63 years. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Nelson, G.C. (2002). Introduction to the special issue on spatial analysis for agricultural economists. Agricultural Economics, 27, 197–200. Nelson, G.C., & Geoghegan, J. (2002). Deforestation and land use change: Sparse data environments. Agricultural Economics, 27, 201–216. Otto, D., & Gallagher, P. (2003). Economic effects of current ethanol industry expansion in Iowa. Iowa City: Iowa State University. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.agmrc.org/NR/rdonlyres/D949FB63-E1D0- 40-86CD-5B710B8663DF/0/economiceffectsiaethoanol.pdf Pates, M. (2006, December 11). Early out?: CRP Contract holders seek greener pastures. AgWeek, p. 32. ProExporter. (2006). Potential size and impact of U.S. ethanol expansion. Kansas City: Author. ProExporter. (2007). PRX Grain Database, Section 1. Ethanol. Kansas City Author. ProExporter. (2010). PRX Grain DataBase. Kansas City: Author. Red River Farm Network. (2006). Red River Farm Network. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.rrfn.com/ Renewable Fuels Association. (2006). Plant locations: U.S. fuel ethanol industry plants and production capacity. Retrieved August 7, 2006, from http://www.ethanolrfa.org/industry/locations/ Renewable Fuels Association. (2007). Industry statistics. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.ethanolrfa. org/industry/statistics/ Sarmiento, C., & Wilson, W. (2005). Spatial modeling in technology adoption decisions: The case of shuttle train elevators. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 87, 1033–1044. Sarmiento, C., & Wilson, W. (2007). Spatially correlated exit strategies. Applied Economics, 39, 441–448. Schlicher, M. (2006, July). Speech to BIO 2006. Feedstuffs, p. 4. Smith, R. (2006, June 5). Ethanol production to create historic change. Feedstuffs, pp. 24–25. Sosland Publishing. (2006, November 7). Demand surge for ethanol raising questions, but seen as sustainable.Milling and Baking News, p. 1. Urbanchuk, J.M. (2003, February). The impact of growing ethanol byproduct production on livestock feed markets. Paper presented at the USDA Agricultural Outlook Forum 2003, Arlington, VA. Wand, M.P., & Jones, M.C. (1995). Kernel smoothing. Monographs on statistics and applied probability. London: Chapman & Hall.
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spelling	Sarmiento, Camiloa48a67bcfacaaa8d4773d8fd3f6d85acWilson, William W.ff9c70755839669e1eac551bf07e75d3Dahl, Brucec5db378e1e8ec3f5c9e9969aeccc82c1Centro de Estudios Económicos2023-08-24T12:40:05Z2023-08-24T12:40:05Z20121520-6297https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/25931520-6297Universidad Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio GaravitoRepositorio Digitalhttps://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/Ethanol is one of the fastest growing industries in the United States. This study estimates factors that impact location decisions for new ethanol plants using logistic regression analysis and spatial correlation techniques. The results indicate that location decisions are impacted by county agricultural characteristics, competing ethanol plants, and state-level subsidies. Spatial competition is particularly important. Existence of competing ethanol plants reduces the likelihood of making a positive location decision, and this impact decreases with distance. Finally, state-level subsidies are significant and a very important variable impacting ethanol location decisions. [JEL Classification: C13, C21, C25, C35, Q42]. C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.El etanol es una de las industrias de más rápido crecimiento en los Estados Unidos. Este estudio estima los factores que impactan las decisiones de ubicación de nuevas plantas de etanol utilizando análisis de regresión logística y técnicas de correlación espacial. Los resultados indican que las decisiones de ubicación se ven afectadas por las características agrícolas del condado, las plantas de etanol que compiten y los subsidios a nivel estatal. La competencia espacial es particularmente importante. La existencia de plantas de etanol competidoras reduce la probabilidad de tomar una decisión positiva sobre la ubicación, y este impacto disminuye con la distancia. Finalmente, los subsidios a nivel estatal son significativos y una variable muy importante que impacta las decisiones de ubicación del etanol. [Clasificación JEL: C13, C21, C25, C35, Q42]. C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.14 páginasapplication/pdfengWiley Online Librarywileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/agrSpatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location DecisionsArtículo de revistainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Vol. 28 No. 3 de 2012272326028N/AAgribusinessAnselin, L. (2003). Spatial externalities. International Regional Science Review, 26, 147–152.Anselin, L., Bongiovanni, R., & Lowenberg-DeBoer, J. (2004). A spatial econometric approach to the economics of site-specific nitrogen management in corn production. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 86, 675–687.Case, A. (1992). Neighborhood influence and technological change. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 22, 491–508.Dubin, R. (1995). Estimating logit models with spatial dependence. New Directions in Spatial Econometrics. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.Collins, K. (2006). Statement of Keith Collins, Chief Economist, U.S. Department of Agriculture Before the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.usda.gov/oce/ newsroom/congressional_testimony/Biofuels%20TesEnergy Information Administration. (2006a). Annual Energy Outlook, 2006: With projections to 2030 (AEO2006). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Energy.Energy Information Administration. (2006b). EliminatingMTBE in Gasoline in 2006.Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Energy.Energy Information Administration. (2010). Annual Energy Outlook, 2010: With projections to 2035 [DOE/EIAA-0383(2010)]. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Energy Information Administration. Ethanol Producer Magazine. (2006). Plant locations/planned expansions. Retrieved August 7, 2006, from http://www.ethanolproducer.com/plant-list.jsp?country=USAFatka, J. (2006a, November 27). CRP not corn’s answer. Feedstuffs, p. 1.Fatka, J. (2006b, November 27). Rotations, biotechnology give corn an edge. Feedstuffs, p. 1.Feed Management. (1995–2004, September/October). U.S. Feed Market Data. Feed Management.Hart, C. (2006a, Spring). CRP Acreage on the horizon. Iowa Ag Review, 12, 8–9.Hart, C. (2006b, Fall). Feeding the ethanol boom: Where will the corn come from? Iowa Ag Review, 12, 4.Irwin, E.G., & Bockstael, N.E. (2003). Interacting agents, spatial externalities, and the evolution of residential land use patterns. Journal of Economic Geography, 2, 31–54.Kelejian, H.H., & Prucha, I.R. (2001). On the asymptotic distribution of the Moran i test statistic with applications. Journal of Econometrics, 10(4), 219–257.Klier, T., & McMillen, D.P. (2008). Clustering of auto supplier plants in the United States: Generalized method of moments spatial logit for large samples. Journal of Business and Economics Statistics, 26(4), 460–471.Loftus, L. (2010, October 11). Clock ticking down on U.S. ethanol subsidies. International Herald Tribune, p. 10.Mann Global Research. (2006). Daily briefing. Retrieved December 5, 2006, from https://research.mfglobal. com/dailyres/main.asp?f=1&20070726143503McMillen, D.P. (1995). Spatial effects in probit models: A Monte Carlo investigation. New Directions in Spatial Econometrics. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.Meyer, P. (2006, April 25). Biotech conference provides venue for discussion of ethanol. Milling and Baking News, p. 20.National Agricultural Statistics Service. (1995–2005). Aygricultural Statistics Database. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Retrieved August 7, 2006, from http://www.nass.usda.gov/index.asp National Agricultural Statistics Service. (2007). U.S. Farmers plant largest corn crop in 63 years. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture.Nelson, G.C. (2002). Introduction to the special issue on spatial analysis for agricultural economists. Agricultural Economics, 27, 197–200.Nelson, G.C., & Geoghegan, J. (2002). Deforestation and land use change: Sparse data environments. Agricultural Economics, 27, 201–216.Otto, D., & Gallagher, P. (2003). Economic effects of current ethanol industry expansion in Iowa. Iowa City: Iowa State University. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.agmrc.org/NR/rdonlyres/D949FB63-E1D0- 40-86CD-5B710B8663DF/0/economiceffectsiaethoanol.pdfPates, M. (2006, December 11). Early out?: CRP Contract holders seek greener pastures. AgWeek, p. 32.ProExporter. (2006). Potential size and impact of U.S. ethanol expansion. Kansas City: Author.ProExporter. (2007). PRX Grain Database, Section 1. Ethanol. Kansas City Author.ProExporter. (2010). PRX Grain DataBase. Kansas City: Author.Red River Farm Network. (2006). Red River Farm Network. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.rrfn.com/ Renewable Fuels Association. (2006). Plant locations: U.S. fuel ethanol industry plants and production capacity. Retrieved August 7, 2006, from http://www.ethanolrfa.org/industry/locations/Renewable Fuels Association. (2007). Industry statistics. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.ethanolrfa. org/industry/statistics/Sarmiento, C., & Wilson, W. (2005). Spatial modeling in technology adoption decisions: The case of shuttle train elevators. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 87, 1033–1044.Sarmiento, C., & Wilson, W. (2007). Spatially correlated exit strategies. Applied Economics, 39, 441–448. Schlicher, M. (2006, July). Speech to BIO 2006. Feedstuffs, p. 4.Smith, R. (2006, June 5). Ethanol production to create historic change. Feedstuffs, pp. 24–25.Sosland Publishing. (2006, November 7). Demand surge for ethanol raising questions, but seen as sustainable.Milling and Baking News, p. 1.Urbanchuk, J.M. (2003, February). The impact of growing ethanol byproduct production on livestock feed markets. Paper presented at the USDA Agricultural Outlook Forum 2003, Arlington, VA.Wand, M.P., & Jones, M.C. (1995). Kernel smoothing. Monographs on statistics and applied probability. London: Chapman & Hall.info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbAgricultura - Aspectos económicosEtanol - Aspectos económicosPlantas de etanol - Aspectos económicosAgricultura y estadoAgriculture - Economic aspectsEthanol - Economic aspectsEthanol Plants - Economic AspectsAgriculture and stateTEXTSpatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions.pdf.txtSpatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain48552https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/2593/4/Spatial%20Competition%20and%20Ethanol%20Plant%20Location%20Decisions.pdf.txt3cb517df1853ba97fa3f36737411af20MD54open accessTHUMBNAILcaratula Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions.JPGcaratula Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions.JPGimage/jpeg151834https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/2593/3/caratula%20Spatial%20Competition%20and%20Ethanol%20Plant%20Location%20Decisions.JPGea0c307dfa01c5c7bb604a7e5207ef3dMD53open accessSpatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions.pdf.jpgSpatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg15463https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/2593/5/Spatial%20Competition%20and%20Ethanol%20Plant%20Location%20Decisions.pdf.jpg6e7bdb6fff958a7f97df8f7888729dc4MD55metadata only accessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81881https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/2593/2/license.txt5a7ca94c2e5326ee169f979d71d0f06eMD52open accessORIGINALSpatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions.pdfSpatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions.pdfapplication/pdf504477https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/bitstream/001/2593/1/Spatial%20Competition%20and%20Ethanol%20Plant%20Location%20Decisions.pdf632ec1a006f7ecce8262bbbc6fac8527MD51metadata only access001/2593oai:repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co:001/25932024-07-31 03:02:18.591metadata only accessRepositorio Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavitorepositorio.eci@escuelaing.edu.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

Spatial Competition and Ethanol Plant Location Decisions

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