Guillain-Barré syndrome: causes, immunopathogenic mechanisms and treatment

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare disease representing the most frequent cause of acute flaccid symmetrical weakness of the limbs and areflexia usually reaching its peak within a month. The etiology and pathogenesis remain largely enigmatic and the syndrome results in death or severe disability in 9–17% of cases despite immunotherapy. Areas covered: In terms of etiology, Guillain-Barré syndrome is linked to Campylobacter infection but less than 0.1% of infections result in the syndrome. In terms of pathogenesis, activated macrophages and T cells and serum antibodies against gangliosides are observed but their significance is unclear. Expert commentary: Guillain-Barré syndrome is a heterogeneous condition with numerous subtypes and recent data point towards the role of ganglioside epitopes by immunohistochemical methods. Ultimately, the syndrome results from a permissive genetic background on which environmental factors, including infections, vaccination and the influence of aging, lead to disease. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor and Francis Group.

• Fecha de publicación: 2016
• Institución: Universidad del Rosario
• Repositorio: Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
• Idioma: eng
• OAI Identifier: oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/24042
• Acceso en línea: https://doi.org/10.1080/1744666X.2016.1193006; https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/24042
• Palabra clave: Epitope; Ganglioside antibody; Autoantibody; Ganglioside; Aging; Antibody blood level; Campylobacteriosis; Clinical feature; Differential diagnosis; Environmental factor; Guillain barre syndrome; Human; Immunohistochemistry; Immunopathogenesis; Macrophage activation; Nonhuman; Review; T lymphocyte; Campylobacter jejuni; Campylobacteriosis; Cross reaction; Genotype environment interaction; Guillain barre syndrome; Immunology; Immunotherapy; Metabolism; Procedures; Aging; Autoantibodies; Campylobacter infections; Campylobacter jejuni; Cross reactions; Gangliosides; Gene-environment interaction; Guillain-barre syndrome; Humans; Immunotherapy; Autoimmune neuropathy; Guillain-barré; Immune tolerance; Infection and immunity; Molecular mimicry
• License: Abierto (Texto Completo)