Encapsulación de puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato: Prueba de concepto de liberación controlada de fármacos
Los sistemas de administración de fármacos buscan suministrar una cantidad terapéutica de una molécula o compuesto con un fin biológico o biomédico al organismo. Estos sistemas se clasifican en tradicionales, liberación modificada y controlada. Los sistemas tradicionales no presentan diseño de formulac...
- Autores:
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2021
- Institución:
- Universidad del Rosario
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/31581
- Acceso en línea:
- https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_31581
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/31581
- Palabra clave:
- Sistemas de administración de fármacos encapsulados en puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato
Sistemas de administración de fármacos basados en hidrogel
Liberación controlada de fármacos
Sistema de liberación controlada de medicamentos basado en un hidrogel electroresponsivo
Farmacología & terapéutica
Drug delivery systems encapsulated at carbon points in an alginate-based hydrogel
Hydrogel-based drug delivery systems
Controlled drug release
Controlled drug release system based on an electroresponsive hydrogel
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- Abierto (Texto Completo)
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oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/31581 |
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|
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Encapsulación de puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato: Prueba de concepto de liberación controlada de fármacos |
dc.title.TranslatedTitle.spa.fl_str_mv |
Encapsulation of carbon dots in an alginate-based hydrogel: Proof of concept of controlled drug delivery Encapsulation of Carbon Points in an Alginate-Based Hydrogel: Proof of Concept for Controlled Drug Release |
title |
Encapsulación de puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato: Prueba de concepto de liberación controlada de fármacos |
spellingShingle |
Encapsulación de puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato: Prueba de concepto de liberación controlada de fármacos Sistemas de administración de fármacos encapsulados en puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato Sistemas de administración de fármacos basados en hidrogel Liberación controlada de fármacos Sistema de liberación controlada de medicamentos basado en un hidrogel electroresponsivo Farmacología & terapéutica Drug delivery systems encapsulated at carbon points in an alginate-based hydrogel Hydrogel-based drug delivery systems Controlled drug release Controlled drug release system based on an electroresponsive hydrogel |
title_short |
Encapsulación de puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato: Prueba de concepto de liberación controlada de fármacos |
title_full |
Encapsulación de puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato: Prueba de concepto de liberación controlada de fármacos |
title_fullStr |
Encapsulación de puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato: Prueba de concepto de liberación controlada de fármacos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Encapsulación de puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato: Prueba de concepto de liberación controlada de fármacos |
title_sort |
Encapsulación de puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato: Prueba de concepto de liberación controlada de fármacos |
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Rodríguez Burbano, Diana Consuelo Múnera Ramirez, Marcela Cristina |
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv |
Sistemas de administración de fármacos encapsulados en puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato Sistemas de administración de fármacos basados en hidrogel Liberación controlada de fármacos Sistema de liberación controlada de medicamentos basado en un hidrogel electroresponsivo |
topic |
Sistemas de administración de fármacos encapsulados en puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato Sistemas de administración de fármacos basados en hidrogel Liberación controlada de fármacos Sistema de liberación controlada de medicamentos basado en un hidrogel electroresponsivo Farmacología & terapéutica Drug delivery systems encapsulated at carbon points in an alginate-based hydrogel Hydrogel-based drug delivery systems Controlled drug release Controlled drug release system based on an electroresponsive hydrogel |
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv |
Farmacología & terapéutica |
dc.subject.keyword.spa.fl_str_mv |
Drug delivery systems encapsulated at carbon points in an alginate-based hydrogel Hydrogel-based drug delivery systems Controlled drug release Controlled drug release system based on an electroresponsive hydrogel |
description |
Los sistemas de administración de fármacos buscan suministrar una cantidad terapéutica de una molécula o compuesto con un fin biológico o biomédico al organismo. Estos sistemas se clasifican en tradicionales, liberación modificada y controlada. Los sistemas tradicionales no presentan diseño de formulación que permita orientar el medicamento a un sitio especifico controlar la tasa de su liberación. Por el contrario, los sistemas de liberación controlada poseen un diseño de formulación que les permite controlar la velocidad de liberación y/o presentan una configuración que facilita la identificación de un área específica para su acción. Así, estos últimos ofrecen ventajas sobre los sistemas tradicionales tales como simplificar la posología, disminución de efectos adversos y el aumento de la eficacia de los tratamientos farmacoterapéuticos. Los puntos de carbono (CDs, por sus siglas en inglés) son nanopartículas que presentan alta solubilidad en medio acuoso, buena biocompatibilidad y naturaleza no citotóxica. Estas partículas han sido propuestas como nanoportadores para la administración de fármacos con fin de liberación controlada, ya que presentan emisión fluorescente en la región visible del espectro electromagnético, aumentan la biodistribución y la estabilidad de agentes terapéuticos los órganos diana. Por otro lado, los hidrogeles se han utilizado como vehículos en los sistemas de liberación modificada. Los hidrogeles son redes poliméricas, biocompatibles, que pueden absorber hasta mil veces su peso en agua o fluidos de base acuosa, poseen propiedades viscoelásticas similares la de los tejidos humanos y permiten la encapsulación de diferentes especies tales como fármacos o moléculas de interés biomédico. El presente trabajo de grado propone un sistema de liberación, en donde se encapsula puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato y se realiza una prueba de concepto de liberación controlada. Este trabajo está vinculado al proyecto marco ‘Desarrollo de los componentes de un sistema de liberación controlada de medicamentos basado en un hidrogel electroresponsivo integrado por puntos de carbono funcionalizados con curcumina’ financiado por Fondos Concursables UR-Capital Semilla. Este proceso de elaboración del sistema se centrará en cuatro etapas de desarrollo: (i) sínte- sis de puntos de carbono mediante el método microondas con ácido cítrico, N,N-dimetilformamida etanol como materiales de partida buscando variar la temperatura de reacción, la caracteri- zación de propiedades ópticas en pro de determinar que puntos de carbono presentan mejores propiedades para la utilización como molécula ha encapsular. (ii) El desarrollo del hidrogel de alginato y la evaluación de su degradación en respuesta a pH para el diseño de sistemas de administración de fármacos. (iii) La encapsulación de los puntos de carbono en el hidrogel y su respectiva prueba de liberación controlada. (iv) Adicionalmente, se desarrolla una revisión literaria de protocolos de síntesis de hidrogeles electroresponsivos. En este proyecto se presentan los resultados de cada etapa, los puntos de carbono sintetiza- dos evidenció un ancho de banda de absorción en la región UV (200–320 nm) y de fluorescencia en la región azul al cian (427-520 nm). Los puntos de carbono a 200°C evidenciaron mayor emisión a longitudes de excitación de 360/380 nm en comparación con los puntos de carbono 100°C, 125°C, 150°C y 175°C. En la síntesis del hidrogel de alginato, la relación del polímero reticulante (CaCl2 – NaCl) presentó un papel importante en la velocidad de degradación del hidrogel en medio acuoso con características de pH ácido (pH = 3.2) y básico (pH = 8.5). Además, la degradación de los hidrogeles con relación alginato y reticulante (1:1.5) se completo a la mitad del tiempo en comparación a la relación (1:1). Los perfiles de liberación de los puntos de carbono embebido en los hidrogeles en medio ácido-básico no presentaron tendencias descritas en los modelos matemáticos para determinar la cinética de liberación. Por consiguiente, se realizó una linealización para obtener un comportamiento lineal. También, se evidenció una mayor fluorescencia en el medio acuoso con pH básico en comparación al medio ácido. De la revisión literaria se encontró que las técnicas para sintetizar los polímeros con- ductivos utilizados en los hidrogeles electroresponsivos son polimerización química oxidativa, electroquímica o por irradiación. La polianilina (PAni), el polipirrol (PPy) y el PEDOT son los polímeros conductivos más empleados debido a su biocompatibilidad y buenas propie- dades eléctricas y electroquímicas. La polimerización química oxidativa es la técnica más utilizada para sintetizar estos polímeros, debido a la cantidad de producción final obtenida ya que presenta polimerización homogénea. Sin embargo, esta técnica presenta limitaciones para controlar los procesos y los reactivos implícitos como oxidante, la temperatura, el disolvente. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-06-04T20:12:54Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-06-04T20:12:54Z |
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-05-27 |
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv |
bachelorThesis |
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
dc.type.document.spa.fl_str_mv |
Monografía |
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_31581 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/31581 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_31581 https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/31581 |
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv |
spa |
language |
spa |
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.rights.acceso.spa.fl_str_mv |
Abierto (Texto Completo) |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Abierto (Texto Completo) http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv |
84 pp. |
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad del Rosario |
dc.publisher.department.spa.fl_str_mv |
Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud |
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv |
Ingeniería Biomédica |
institution |
Universidad del Rosario |
dc.source.bibliographicCitation.none.fl_str_mv |
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Rodríguez Burbano, Diana Consuelo52994699600Múnera Ramirez, Marcela Cristina5696993b-4315-49f2-b8ca-139c129d4b75600Rojas Suarez, Karen LizethIngeniero BiomédicoFull time080bbe37-e17c-4ad8-af42-25a9fb49de5d6002021-06-04T20:12:54Z2021-06-04T20:12:54Z2021-05-27Los sistemas de administración de fármacos buscan suministrar una cantidad terapéutica de una molécula o compuesto con un fin biológico o biomédico al organismo. Estos sistemas se clasifican en tradicionales, liberación modificada y controlada. Los sistemas tradicionales no presentan diseño de formulación que permita orientar el medicamento a un sitio especifico controlar la tasa de su liberación. Por el contrario, los sistemas de liberación controlada poseen un diseño de formulación que les permite controlar la velocidad de liberación y/o presentan una configuración que facilita la identificación de un área específica para su acción. Así, estos últimos ofrecen ventajas sobre los sistemas tradicionales tales como simplificar la posología, disminución de efectos adversos y el aumento de la eficacia de los tratamientos farmacoterapéuticos. Los puntos de carbono (CDs, por sus siglas en inglés) son nanopartículas que presentan alta solubilidad en medio acuoso, buena biocompatibilidad y naturaleza no citotóxica. Estas partículas han sido propuestas como nanoportadores para la administración de fármacos con fin de liberación controlada, ya que presentan emisión fluorescente en la región visible del espectro electromagnético, aumentan la biodistribución y la estabilidad de agentes terapéuticos los órganos diana. Por otro lado, los hidrogeles se han utilizado como vehículos en los sistemas de liberación modificada. Los hidrogeles son redes poliméricas, biocompatibles, que pueden absorber hasta mil veces su peso en agua o fluidos de base acuosa, poseen propiedades viscoelásticas similares la de los tejidos humanos y permiten la encapsulación de diferentes especies tales como fármacos o moléculas de interés biomédico. El presente trabajo de grado propone un sistema de liberación, en donde se encapsula puntos de carbono en un hidrogel basado en alginato y se realiza una prueba de concepto de liberación controlada. Este trabajo está vinculado al proyecto marco ‘Desarrollo de los componentes de un sistema de liberación controlada de medicamentos basado en un hidrogel electroresponsivo integrado por puntos de carbono funcionalizados con curcumina’ financiado por Fondos Concursables UR-Capital Semilla. Este proceso de elaboración del sistema se centrará en cuatro etapas de desarrollo: (i) sínte- sis de puntos de carbono mediante el método microondas con ácido cítrico, N,N-dimetilformamida etanol como materiales de partida buscando variar la temperatura de reacción, la caracteri- zación de propiedades ópticas en pro de determinar que puntos de carbono presentan mejores propiedades para la utilización como molécula ha encapsular. (ii) El desarrollo del hidrogel de alginato y la evaluación de su degradación en respuesta a pH para el diseño de sistemas de administración de fármacos. (iii) La encapsulación de los puntos de carbono en el hidrogel y su respectiva prueba de liberación controlada. (iv) Adicionalmente, se desarrolla una revisión literaria de protocolos de síntesis de hidrogeles electroresponsivos. En este proyecto se presentan los resultados de cada etapa, los puntos de carbono sintetiza- dos evidenció un ancho de banda de absorción en la región UV (200–320 nm) y de fluorescencia en la región azul al cian (427-520 nm). Los puntos de carbono a 200°C evidenciaron mayor emisión a longitudes de excitación de 360/380 nm en comparación con los puntos de carbono 100°C, 125°C, 150°C y 175°C. En la síntesis del hidrogel de alginato, la relación del polímero reticulante (CaCl2 – NaCl) presentó un papel importante en la velocidad de degradación del hidrogel en medio acuoso con características de pH ácido (pH = 3.2) y básico (pH = 8.5). Además, la degradación de los hidrogeles con relación alginato y reticulante (1:1.5) se completo a la mitad del tiempo en comparación a la relación (1:1). Los perfiles de liberación de los puntos de carbono embebido en los hidrogeles en medio ácido-básico no presentaron tendencias descritas en los modelos matemáticos para determinar la cinética de liberación. Por consiguiente, se realizó una linealización para obtener un comportamiento lineal. También, se evidenció una mayor fluorescencia en el medio acuoso con pH básico en comparación al medio ácido. De la revisión literaria se encontró que las técnicas para sintetizar los polímeros con- ductivos utilizados en los hidrogeles electroresponsivos son polimerización química oxidativa, electroquímica o por irradiación. La polianilina (PAni), el polipirrol (PPy) y el PEDOT son los polímeros conductivos más empleados debido a su biocompatibilidad y buenas propie- dades eléctricas y electroquímicas. La polimerización química oxidativa es la técnica más utilizada para sintetizar estos polímeros, debido a la cantidad de producción final obtenida ya que presenta polimerización homogénea. Sin embargo, esta técnica presenta limitaciones para controlar los procesos y los reactivos implícitos como oxidante, la temperatura, el disolvente.Drug delivery systems seek to deliver a therapeutic amount of a molecule or compound with a biological or biomedical purpose to the body. These systems are classified into traditional, modified and controlled release. Traditional systems do not feature formulation design that allows targeting the drug to a specific site or controlling the rate of its release. In contrast, controlled release systems have a formulation design that allows them to control the rate of release and/or present a configuration that facilitates the identification of a specific area for its action. Thus, the latter offer advantages over traditional systems such as simplified dosing, reduced adverse effects and increased efficacy of pharmacotherapeutic treatments. Carbon dots (CDs) are nanoparticles that exhibit high solubility in aqueous media, good biocompatibility and non-cytotoxic nature. These particles have been proposed as nanocarriers for drug delivery for controlled release purposes, as they exhibit fluorescent emission in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, increase biodistribution and stability of therapeutic agents to target organs. On the other hand, hydrogels have been used as vehicles in controlled release systems. Hydrogels are polymeric, biocompatible networks that can absorb up to a thousand times their weight in water or water-based fluids, possess viscoelastic properties similar to that of human tissues and allow the encapsulation of different species such as drugs or molecules of biomedical interest. The present work proposes a release system, where carbon dots are encapsulated in an alginate-based hydrogel and a proof of concept of controlled release is performed. This work is linked to the framework project 'Development of the components of a controlled drug release system based on an electroresponsive hydrogel integrated by carbon dots functionalized with curcumin' financed by Fondos Concursables UR-Capital Semilla. This system development process will focus on four stages of development: (i) synthesis of carbon dots by microwave method with citric acid, N,N-dimethylformamide ethanol as starting materials seeking to vary the reaction temperature, characterization of optical properties in order to determine which carbon dots have better properties for use as encapsulated molecule. (ii) The development of the alginate hydrogel and the evaluation of its degradation in response to pH for the design of drug delivery systems. (iii) The encapsulation of carbon dots in the hydrogel and their respective controlled release test. (iv) Additionally, a literature review of protocols for the synthesis of electroresponsive hydrogels is developed. In this project the results of each stage are presented, the synthesized carbon dots evidenced absorption bandwidth in the UV region (200-320 nm) and fluorescence in the blue to cyan region (427-520 nm). Carbon dots at 200°C evidenced higher emission at excitation lengths of 360/380 nm compared to carbon dots at 100°C, 125°C, 150°C and 175°C. In the synthesis of the alginate hydrogel, the ratio of polymer and crosslinker (CaCl2 - NaCl) presented an important role in the degradation rate of the hydrogel in aqueous medium with acidic (pH = 3.2) and basic (pH =8.5) pH characteristics. Moreover, the degradation of hydrogels with alginate and crosslinker ratio (1:1.5) was completed at half time compared to the ratio (1:1). The release profiles of the carbon dots embedded in the hydrogels in acid-base medium did not present trends described in the mathematical models to determine the release kinetics. Therefore, a linearization was performed to obtain a linear behavior. Also, a higher photoluminescence was evidenced in the aqueous medium with basic pH compared to the acidic medium. Literature review, it was found that the techniques to synthesize the conductive polymers used in electroresponsive hydrogels are chemical oxidative, electrochemical or irradiation polymerization. Polyaniline (PAni), polypyrrole (PPy) and PEDOT are the most commonly used conductive polymers due to their biocompatibility and good electrical and electrochemical properties. Oxidative chemical polymerization is the most widely used technique to synthesize these polymers, due to the amount of final production obtained since it presents homogeneous polymerization. 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