Functional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons
Many connections in the basal ganglia are made around birth when animals are exposed to a host of new affective, cognitive, and sensori-motor stimuli. It is thought that dopamine modulates cortico-striatal synapses that result in the strengthening of those connections that lead to desired outcomes....
- Autores:
- Tipo de recurso:
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2012
- Institución:
- Universidad del Rosario
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/8766
- Acceso en línea:
- http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/8766
- Palabra clave:
- Enfermedades
Ganglios basales
dopamina
Neurología
- Rights
- License
- Abierto (Texto completo)
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Functional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons |
title |
Functional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons |
spellingShingle |
Functional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons Enfermedades Ganglios basales dopamina Neurología |
title_short |
Functional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons |
title_full |
Functional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons |
title_fullStr |
Functional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons |
title_full_unstemmed |
Functional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons |
title_sort |
Functional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons |
dc.subject.ddc.none.fl_str_mv |
Enfermedades |
topic |
Enfermedades Ganglios basales dopamina Neurología |
dc.subject.decs.spa.fl_str_mv |
Ganglios basales dopamina Neurología |
description |
Many connections in the basal ganglia are made around birth when animals are exposed to a host of new affective, cognitive, and sensori-motor stimuli. It is thought that dopamine modulates cortico-striatal synapses that result in the strengthening of those connections that lead to desired outcomes. We propose that there must be a time before which stimuli cannot be processed into functional connections, otherwise it would imply an effective link between stimulus, response, and reward in uterus. Consistent with these ideas, we present evidence that early in development dopamine neurons are electrically immature and do not produce high-frequency firing in response to salient stimuli. We ask first, what makes dopamine neurons immature? and second, what are the implications of this immaturity for the basal ganglia? As an answer to the first question, we find that at birth the outward current is small (3nS-V), insensitive to Ca2z, TEA, BK, and SK blockers. Rapidly after birth, the outward current increases to 15nS-V and becomes sensitive to Ca2z, TEA, BK, and SK blockers. We make a detailed analysis of the kinetics of the components of the outward currents and produce a model for BK and SK channels that we use to reproduce the outward current, and to infer the geometrical arrangement of BK and Ca2z channels in clusters. In the first cluster, T-type Ca2z and BK channels are coupled within distances of *20 nm (200 A˚). The second cluster consists of L-type Ca2z and BK channels that are spread over distances of at least 60 nm. As for the second question, we propose that early in development, the mechanism of action selection is in a ‘‘locked-in’’ state that would prevent dopamine neurons from reinforcing cortico-striatal synapses that do not have a functional experiential- based value. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv |
2012-12 |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2012 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-08-11T15:37:52Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-08-11T15:37:52Z |
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv |
article |
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
ISSN:1932-6203 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/8766 |
identifier_str_mv |
ISSN:1932-6203 |
url |
http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/8766 |
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.citationIssue.none.fl_str_mv |
No. 12 |
dc.relation.citationTitle.none.fl_str_mv |
PLOS ONE |
dc.relation.citationVolume.none.fl_str_mv |
Vol. 7 |
dc.relation.ispartof.spa.fl_str_mv |
PLOS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, V. 7 N. 12 Dec, 2012 |
dc.relation.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ez.urosario.edu.co/pmc/articles/PMC3527479/pdf/pone.0051610.pdf |
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.rights.acceso.spa.fl_str_mv |
Abierto (Texto completo) |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Abierto (Texto completo) http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
dc.format.medium.spa.fl_str_mv |
Recurso electrónico |
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.format.tipo.spa.fl_str_mv |
Documento |
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad del Rosario |
institution |
Universidad del Rosario |
dc.source.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
instname:Universidad del Rosario |
dc.source.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR |
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Comunidad Rosarista6830d620-424a-4f8b-9d11-3e1f088777056002014-08-11T15:37:52Z2014-08-11T15:37:52Z2012-122012Many connections in the basal ganglia are made around birth when animals are exposed to a host of new affective, cognitive, and sensori-motor stimuli. It is thought that dopamine modulates cortico-striatal synapses that result in the strengthening of those connections that lead to desired outcomes. We propose that there must be a time before which stimuli cannot be processed into functional connections, otherwise it would imply an effective link between stimulus, response, and reward in uterus. Consistent with these ideas, we present evidence that early in development dopamine neurons are electrically immature and do not produce high-frequency firing in response to salient stimuli. We ask first, what makes dopamine neurons immature? and second, what are the implications of this immaturity for the basal ganglia? As an answer to the first question, we find that at birth the outward current is small (3nS-V), insensitive to Ca2z, TEA, BK, and SK blockers. Rapidly after birth, the outward current increases to 15nS-V and becomes sensitive to Ca2z, TEA, BK, and SK blockers. We make a detailed analysis of the kinetics of the components of the outward currents and produce a model for BK and SK channels that we use to reproduce the outward current, and to infer the geometrical arrangement of BK and Ca2z channels in clusters. In the first cluster, T-type Ca2z and BK channels are coupled within distances of *20 nm (200 A˚). The second cluster consists of L-type Ca2z and BK channels that are spread over distances of at least 60 nm. As for the second question, we propose that early in development, the mechanism of action selection is in a ‘‘locked-in’’ state that would prevent dopamine neurons from reinforcing cortico-striatal synapses that do not have a functional experiential- based value.Recurso electrónicoapplication/pdfDocumentoISSN:1932-6203http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/8766engUniversidad del RosarioNo. 12PLOS ONEVol. 7PLOS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, V. 7 N. 12 Dec, 2012http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ez.urosario.edu.co/pmc/articles/PMC3527479/pdf/pone.0051610.pdfAbierto (Texto completo)EL AUTOR, manifiesta que la obra objeto de la presente autorización es original y la realizó sin violar o usurpar derechos de autor de terceros, por lo tanto la obra es de exclusiva autoría y tiene la titularidad sobre la misma.http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2instname:Universidad del Rosarioreponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUREnfermedades616600Ganglios basalesdopaminaNeurologíaFunctional Upregulation of Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels in the Development of Substantia Nigra Dopamine NeuronsarticleArtículohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Ramírez-Latorre, JoséRamírez-Latorre, José A.ORIGINALFunctional Upregulation.pdfFunctional Upregulation.pdfapplication/pdf934260https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/8aabbfcd-9659-4f7a-9ed8-3c487dca833c/downloade704113457d73ec61b9a53a62157275fMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain2156https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/8a143232-1e2f-4d02-a39f-c79f4b64b027/downloadb4f8fe66e94b897ab4c355bac005ad16MD52TEXTFunctional Upregulation.pdf.txtFunctional Upregulation.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain96942https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/871cc567-ba1e-4981-a62c-9b19bac02610/download8acfbfb923cbffe761f0f29e8da40d05MD57THUMBNAILFunctional Upregulation.pdf.jpgFunctional Upregulation.pdf.jpgGenerated 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