What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?

La pandemia de Covid-19 impactó significativamente la economía global y las decisiones estratégicas de las empresas a lo largo de la cadena de suministro. Por esta razón, en el presente trabajo de investigación se estudia el impacto de la escasez de contenedores marítimos debido a la pandemia del Co...

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Fecha de publicación:: 2022

Institución:: Universidad del Rosario

Repositorio:: Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario

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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?
dc.title.TranslatedTitle.none.fl_str_mv	¿Cuál es el impacto de la escasez de contenedores marítimos debido a la pandemia de COVID-19 en el transporte marítimo de carga y el comercio internacional?
title	What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?
spellingShingle	What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade? Comercio internacional Transporte de carga Industria marítima Transporte de contenedores Gestión de riesgos Pandemia Covid-19 International trade Freight transportation Maritime industry Container shipping Risk management Covid-19 Pandemic
title_short	What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?
title_full	What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?
title_fullStr	What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?
title_full_unstemmed	What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?
title_sort	What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Wolgensinger, Alain
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Comercio internacional Transporte de carga Industria marítima Transporte de contenedores Gestión de riesgos Pandemia Covid-19
topic	Comercio internacional Transporte de carga Industria marítima Transporte de contenedores Gestión de riesgos Pandemia Covid-19 International trade Freight transportation Maritime industry Container shipping Risk management Covid-19 Pandemic
dc.subject.keyword.none.fl_str_mv	International trade Freight transportation Maritime industry Container shipping Risk management Covid-19 Pandemic
description	La pandemia de Covid-19 impactó significativamente la economía global y las decisiones estratégicas de las empresas a lo largo de la cadena de suministro. Por esta razón, en el presente trabajo de investigación se estudia el impacto de la escasez de contenedores marítimos debido a la pandemia del Covid-19, en el transporte marítimo y el comercio internacional; así como la importancia de las estrategias de gestión de riesgos, la preparación y la resiliencia en las empresas para estar mejor preparadas para futuras escaseces e interrupciones. Para llevar a cabo el estudio, la metodología de investigación engloba cuatro fases con el objetivo de recolectar datos cualitativos y cuantitativos y dar al trabajo de investigación una visión integral del tema. Como resultado, se analiza, comprende y se explica el impacto de la escasez de contenedores debido a la pandemia de Covid-19 en el transporte marítimo y el comercio internacional a través de una narración cronológica y una mirada a las perspectivas de expertos sobre los efectos del COVID-19 en la gestión estratégica, la resiliencia y la preparación de su empresa. Finalmente, todos los actores interesados en el comercio internacional, el transporte marítimo de carga y la gestión de riesgos se beneficiarán de un conocimiento de valor agregado y de un artículo de alta calidad que contribuirá a la revisión de la literatura actual en el área de estudio.
publishDate	2022
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv	2022-10-31
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2023-03-13T13:36:39Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2023-03-13T13:36:39Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	bachelorThesis
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dc.type.document.none.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado
dc.type.spa.none.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv	https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_38219
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/38219
url	https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_38219 https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/38219
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv	Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
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dc.rights.acceso.none.fl_str_mv	Abierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv	Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Abierto (Texto Completo) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.format.extent.none.fl_str_mv	95 pp
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv	application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Universidad del Rosario Rennes Business School
dc.publisher.department.none.fl_str_mv	Escuela de Administración
dc.publisher.program.none.fl_str_mv	Administración de Negocios Internacionales
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Universidad del Rosario Rennes Business School
institution	Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.bibliographicCitation.none.fl_str_mv	Agamez-Arias, A.-M., & Moyano-Fuentes, J. (2017). Intermodal transport in freight distribution: a literature review. Transport Reviews, 37(6), 782–80, from https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2017.1297868 Alphaliner (2013), “Top 100 operated fleets”, available at: www.alphaliner.com/top100/ (accessed 17 March 2022). Arbour, G. (2022, March 25). What are the 4 types of maintenance strategies? Fiix. Retrieved October 25, 2022, from https://www.fiixsoftware.com/blog/evaluating-maintenance-strategies-select-model-asset-management/ Armbruster, W. (2008). Missing the boat on exports. Florida Shipper, 33(21), 6–10. Bai, X., Xu, M., Han, T., & Yang, D. (2022). Quantifying the impact of pandemic lockdown policies on global port calls. Transportation research. Part A, Policy and practice, 164, 224–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2022.08.002 Balgah, R.A. and Kimengsi, J.N. (2022), "Glossary of Disaster Risk Management – Related Terms", Balgah, R.A. and Kimengsi, J.N. (Ed.) Disaster Management in Sub-Saharan Africa: Policies, Institutions and Processes, Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. 225-265. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/978-1-80262-817-320221010 Burnson, P. (2021, July 1). Container shortage continues to restrict options on the high seas. Logistics Management (Highlands Ranch, Co.), 60(7), 25. Chang, C.-H., Xu, J. and Song, D.-P. (2015), "Risk analysis for container shipping: from a logistics perspective", The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 26 No. 1, pp. 147-171. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/IJLM-07-2012-0068 Chang, C.-H., Xu, J., Dong, J. and Yang, Z. (2019), "Selection of effective risk mitigation strategies in container shipping operations," Maritime Business Review, Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 413-431. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/MABR-04-2019-0013 Container, T., & *, N. (2022, June 22). The 8 most common types of containers: Tec Container. Tec Container Cargo securing and lifting equipment since 1976. Retrieved October 25, 2022, from https://www.teccontainer.com/blog/most-common-types-of-containers/#flat-rack-container Covid-19 and maritime transport: Impact and responses. UNCTAD. (2021, March 23). https://unctad.org/webflyer/covid-19-and-maritime-transport-impact-and-responses#:~:text=Maritime%20transport%20underpins%20global%20supply,more%20than%2070%25%20by%20value. David Guerrero, Lucie Letrouit, Carlos Pais Montes. The container transport system during Covid19: An analysis through the prism of complex networks. Transport Policy, Elsevier, 2021, 24p. ffhal-03384986f Desk, N. (2020, August 22). 42% will change supply chain strategies post Covid-19 - Impact Survey. Shipping and Freight Resource. 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(2022), "Supply chain risk management in the COVID-19 pandemic: strategies and empirical lessons for improving global logistics service providers’ performance", The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/IJLM-02-2021-0109 International trade during the COVID-19 pandemic: Big shifts and uncertainty. OECD. (2022, March 10). Retrieved October 25, 2022, from https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/international-trade-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-big-shifts-and-uncertainty-d1131663/ Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on ports and maritime transport in the Mediterranean region - union for the Mediterranean. UfM. (2020, June 4). Retrieved October 30, 2022, from https://ufmsecretariat.org/impacts-covid-ports-maritime-transport-mediterranean/ Ivanov D. Predicting the impacts of epidemic outbreaks on global supply chains: A simulation-based analysis on the coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2) case. Transp Res E Logist Transp. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32288597/ Johnson, E. (2019). High standards: Freight data standardization’s long stretch. (cover story). Journal of Commerce (1542-3867), 20(3), 10–16. Kawasaki, T., Matsuda, T., Lau, Y.-y. and Fu, X. (2021), "The durability of economic indicators in container shipping demand: a case study of East Asia–US container transport", Maritime Business Review, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/MABR-12-2020-0075 Ke, J.-y.F., Windle, R.J., Han, C. and Britto, R. (2015), "Aligning supply chain transportation strategy with industry characteristics: Evidence from the US-Asia supply chain", International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 45 No. 9/10, pp. 837-860. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-06-2014-0130 Kim, D. and Lee, R.P. (2010), “Systems collaboration and strategic collaboration: their impacts on supply chain responsiveness and market performance”, Decision Sciences, Vol. 41 No. 4, pp. 955-981. Lai, P.-L., Su, D.-T., Tai, H.-H. and Yang, C.-C. (2020), "The impact of collaborative decision-making on logistics service performance for container shipping services", Maritime Business Review, Vol. 5 No. 2, pp. 175-191. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/MABR-12-2019-0061 Lin, H., Zeng, W., Luo, J., & Nan, G. (2022). An analysis of port congestion alleviation strategy based on system dynamics. Ocean & coastal management, 229, 106336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106336 Manaadiar, H. (2020, April 24). Covid-19 pandemic - supply chain impact survey and results. Shipping and Freight Resource. Retrieved October 25, 2022, from https://www.shippingandfreightresource.com/covid-19-pandemic-supply-chain-impact-survey/ Mason, R. and Nair, R. (2013), "Supply‐side strategic flexibility capabilities in container liner shipping", The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 22-48. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/IJLM-05-2013-0053 Matsuda, T., Hirata, E. and Kawasaki, T. (2021), "Monopoly in the container shipping market: an econometric approach", Maritime Business Review, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/MABR-12-2020-0071 More containers can’t solve shortage. (2021). Journal of Commerce (1542-3867), 22(4), 6–7. Nair, R. (2009), Economic Regulation and Structural Changes: Liner Shipping Industry, VDM Verlag, Saarbrucken. Ng, A.S.F. (2012), "Container Flows and Empty Container Repositioning", Song, D.-W. and Panayides, P.M. (Ed.) Maritime Logistics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. 29-48. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/9781780523415-003 Pan, J. J., Zhang, Y. F., & Fan, B. (2022). Strengthening container shipping network connectivity during COVID-19: A graph theory approach. Ocean & coastal management, 229, 106338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106338 Park, M. and Singh, N.P. (2022), "Predicting supply chain risks through big data analytics: role of risk alert tool in mitigating business disruption", Benchmarking: An International Journal, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/BIJ-03-2022-0169 Paul, S. K., Chowdhury, P., Chakrabortty, R. K., Ivanov, D., & Sallam, K. (2022). A mathematical model for managing the multi-dimensional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in supply chain of a high-demand item. Annals of operations research, 1–46. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-022-04650-2 Paul, S. K., Chowdhury, P., Moktadir, M. A., & Lau, K. H. (2021). Supply chain recovery challenges in the wake of COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of business research, 136, 316–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.07.056 Pham, H.T., Truong Quang, H., Sampaio, P., Carvalho, M., Tran, D.L.A., Vo, V.X. and Duong, B.A.T. (2022), "The impact of global risks on supply chain performance. An empirical study on construction sector in the COVID-19 pandemic", International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/IJQRM-03-2022-0084 Review of Maritime Transport 2021. UNCTAD. (2021, November 18). 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(2021), "Selection of mode of transport for freight movement", International Journal of Innovation Science, Vol. 13 No. 3, pp. 268-285. https://doi-org.rennes-sb.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/IJIS-09-2020-0173 UNCTAD (2008), Review of Maritime Transport, United Nations, Geneva. UNCTAD. (2021). Trade and development report 2021: From recovery to resilience: the development dimension. https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdr2021_en.pdf. Accessed August 25, 2021. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. (2021). Review of Maritime Transport 2020. PDF: UN iLibrary. United Nations. (2018). 50 years of Review of Maritime Transport, 1968–2018. 2021, by ONU Website: https://unctad.org/system/filesl/official-document/dtl2018d1_en.pdf Xu, L., Shi, J., Chen, J., & Li, L. (2021). Estimating the effect of COVID-19 epidemic on shipping trade: An empirical analysis using panel data. Marine policy, 133, 104768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104768 Yang, C. and Wei, H. 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spelling	Wolgensinger, Alain3e932193-67e8-48b8-8ca8-bbd0063e5de7-1Medina Dominguez, Angie PaolaAdministrador de Negocios InternacionalesPregradoFull timeb052acd3-11f5-4d12-9854-19b5581807cf-12023-03-13T13:36:39Z2023-03-13T13:36:39Z2022-10-31La pandemia de Covid-19 impactó significativamente la economía global y las decisiones estratégicas de las empresas a lo largo de la cadena de suministro. Por esta razón, en el presente trabajo de investigación se estudia el impacto de la escasez de contenedores marítimos debido a la pandemia del Covid-19, en el transporte marítimo y el comercio internacional; así como la importancia de las estrategias de gestión de riesgos, la preparación y la resiliencia en las empresas para estar mejor preparadas para futuras escaseces e interrupciones. Para llevar a cabo el estudio, la metodología de investigación engloba cuatro fases con el objetivo de recolectar datos cualitativos y cuantitativos y dar al trabajo de investigación una visión integral del tema. Como resultado, se analiza, comprende y se explica el impacto de la escasez de contenedores debido a la pandemia de Covid-19 en el transporte marítimo y el comercio internacional a través de una narración cronológica y una mirada a las perspectivas de expertos sobre los efectos del COVID-19 en la gestión estratégica, la resiliencia y la preparación de su empresa. Finalmente, todos los actores interesados en el comercio internacional, el transporte marítimo de carga y la gestión de riesgos se beneficiarán de un conocimiento de valor agregado y de un artículo de alta calidad que contribuirá a la revisión de la literatura actual en el área de estudio.The Covid-19 pandemic significantly impacted the global economy and the strategic decisions of companies along the supply chain. That is why throughout this research paper, the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the Covid-19 pandemic on maritime transportation and international trade is studied along with the importance of risk management strategies, preparedness, and resilience in companies to be better prepared for future shortages and disruptions. To conduct the study, the research methodology englobes four phases aiming to collect qualitative and quantitative data and give the research paper an integral view of the topic. As a result, the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the Covid-19 pandemic on maritime transportation and international trade is analyzed, understood, and put into words through a chronological explanation and a look into expert’s perspectives about the COVID-19 effects on their company's strategic management, resilience, and preparedness. Finally, all actors interested in international trade, maritime freight transportation, and risk management will benefit from added-value knowledge and a high-quality paper that will contribute to the current literature review in the study area.95 ppapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_38219 https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/38219engUniversidad del RosarioRennes Business SchoolEscuela de AdministraciónAdministración de Negocios InternacionalesAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 InternationalAbierto (Texto Completo)EL AUTOR, manifiesta que la obra objeto de la presente autorización es original y la realizó sin violar o usurpar derechos de autor de terceros, por lo tanto la obra es de exclusiva autoría y tiene la titularidad sobre la misma. PARGRAFO: En caso de presentarse cualquier reclamación o acción por parte de un tercero en cuanto a los derechos de autor sobre la obra en cuestión, EL AUTOR, asumirá toda la responsabilidad, y saldrá en defensa de los derechos aquí autorizados; para todos los efectos la universidad actúa como un tercero de buena fe. EL AUTOR, autoriza a LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO, para que en los términos establecidos en la Ley 23 de 1982, Ley 44 de 1993, Decisión andina 351 de 1993, Decreto 460 de 1995 y demás normas generales sobre la materia, utilice y use la obra objeto de la presente autorización. -------------------------------------- POLITICA DE TRATAMIENTO DE DATOS PERSONALES. Declaro que autorizo previa y de forma informada el tratamiento de mis datos personales por parte de LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO para fines académicos y en aplicación de convenios con terceros o servicios conexos con actividades propias de la academia, con estricto cumplimiento de los principios de ley. 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Regional studies in marine science, 52, 102258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2022.102258Zhou, X., Jing, D., Dai, L., Wang, Y., Guo, S., & Hu, H. (2022). Evaluating the economic impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on shipping and port industry: A case study of the port of Shanghai. Ocean & coastal management, 230, 106339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106339instname:Universidad del Rosarioreponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocURComercio internacionalTransporte de cargaIndustria marítimaTransporte de contenedoresGestión de riesgosPandemia Covid-19International tradeFreight transportationMaritime industryContainer shippingRisk managementCovid-19 PandemicWhat is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?¿Cuál es el impacto de la escasez de contenedores marítimos debido a la pandemia de COVID-19 en el transporte marítimo de carga y el comercio internacional?bachelorThesisTrabajo de gradoTrabajo de gradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fEscuela de AdministraciónLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain1483https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/4cc4c3fc-2a69-413f-a125-101c49af8e4c/downloadb2825df9f458e9d5d96ee8b7cd74fde6MD52CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-81160https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/a52dced8-2a3a-44b6-a0c8-798c31a7ceb1/download5643bfd9bcf29d560eeec56d584edaa9MD53ORIGINALWhat-is-the-impact-of-the-shipping-container-shortage2023.pdfWhat-is-the-impact-of-the-shipping-container-shortage2023.pdfapplication/pdf1208090https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/a4f84e2f-ac0e-4963-ab88-b96998431fba/download8672956e3b89f1e316fb36f202e73fbcMD54TEXTWhat-is-the-impact-of-the-shipping-container-shortage2023.pdf.txtWhat-is-the-impact-of-the-shipping-container-shortage2023.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain101063https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/4e409e70-c118-49c8-b86c-e8566b4af876/downloade02fcff82b7ab600aa749a0558fd11f7MD55THUMBNAILWhat-is-the-impact-of-the-shipping-container-shortage2023.pdf.jpgWhat-is-the-impact-of-the-shipping-container-shortage2023.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg2438https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/7ce2647c-b643-4d47-bc7f-46f5a33707bd/download89baef711afaf7508ded75be9c18ad30MD5610336/38219oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/382192023-03-16 15:41:47.348http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalhttps://repository.urosario.edu.coRepositorio institucional EdocURedocur@urosario.edu.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

What is the impact of the shipping container shortage due to the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime freight transportation and international trade?

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