Does the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature review

La aparición del Chief Digital Officer (CDO) en la estructura organizacional ha provocado ciertas discusiones en la literatura y en la práctica sobre las implicaciones que este escenario tiene para el Chief Information Officer (CIO) donde se evidencia la falta de claridad con respecto a la dinámica...

Full description

Autores:
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2018
Institución:
Universidad del Rosario
Repositorio:
Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/18890
Acceso en línea:
https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_18890
http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/18890
Palabra clave:
Chief Digital Officer
Chief Information Officer
Digitalization
Digital Transformation
organization
CDO
CIO
IT infrastructure
Administración general
Chief Information Officer
Chief Digital Officer
Digitalization
Digital Transformation
organization
CIO
CDO
innovation
IT infrastructure
Organizaciones
Digitalización de la información
Innovaciones tecnológicas
Evaluación del trabajo
Rights
License
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
id EDOCUR2_98a74369d3464ac4ea9dd90c613783cb
oai_identifier_str oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/18890
network_acronym_str EDOCUR2
network_name_str Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Does the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature review
title Does the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature review
spellingShingle Does the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature review
Chief Digital Officer
Chief Information Officer
Digitalization
Digital Transformation
organization
CDO
CIO
IT infrastructure
Administración general
Chief Information Officer
Chief Digital Officer
Digitalization
Digital Transformation
organization
CIO
CDO
innovation
IT infrastructure
Organizaciones
Digitalización de la información
Innovaciones tecnológicas
Evaluación del trabajo
title_short Does the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature review
title_full Does the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature review
title_fullStr Does the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature review
title_full_unstemmed Does the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature review
title_sort Does the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature review
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Cano M., Jeimy J.
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Chief Digital Officer
Chief Information Officer
Digitalization
Digital Transformation
organization
CDO
CIO
IT infrastructure
topic Chief Digital Officer
Chief Information Officer
Digitalization
Digital Transformation
organization
CDO
CIO
IT infrastructure
Administración general
Chief Information Officer
Chief Digital Officer
Digitalization
Digital Transformation
organization
CIO
CDO
innovation
IT infrastructure
Organizaciones
Digitalización de la información
Innovaciones tecnológicas
Evaluación del trabajo
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv Administración general
dc.subject.keyword.spa.fl_str_mv Chief Information Officer
Chief Digital Officer
Digitalization
Digital Transformation
organization
CIO
CDO
innovation
IT infrastructure
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv Organizaciones
Digitalización de la información
Innovaciones tecnológicas
Evaluación del trabajo
description La aparición del Chief Digital Officer (CDO) en la estructura organizacional ha provocado ciertas discusiones en la literatura y en la práctica sobre las implicaciones que este escenario tiene para el Chief Information Officer (CIO) donde se evidencia la falta de claridad con respecto a la dinámica de ambos roles y su futuro dentro de las organizaciones. Este artículo busca comprender el panorama en el que se ubican ambos roles, mostrando sus características y la percepción de ambos miembros de la organización sobre los roles, considerando el contexto de la transformación digital y la evolución de las interacciones entre las partes interesadas, como parte del surgimiento de las nuevas tecnologías y el cambio cultural hacia la digitalización. En este sentido, se establece cómo el CIO debe enfocarse en mantener una gestión de TI óptima, brindando una visión más estratégica del área, mientras que el CDO debe liderar las iniciativas digitales, comprender el journey de los consumidores y buscar nuevas oportunidades para cambiar la forma de hacer negocios. A partir de esto, se establece que aunque ambos roles serán necesarios en un futuro próximo, el CDO se mantendrá hasta que la empresa esté completamente digitalizada, donde se podría evidenciar una evolución del rol hacia la búsqueda de innovación. Finalmente, fue evidente cómo, al considerar las diferencias entre cada organización, los líderes empresariales deben ser claros en su propio contexto y sus objetivos digitales, para que tengan un plan de acción apropiado para esta evolución.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv 2018-07-30
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2018
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2019-01-18T22:36:20Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2019-01-18T22:36:20Z
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv bachelorThesis
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.document.spa.fl_str_mv Análisis de caso
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_18890
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/18890
url https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_18890
http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/18890
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.acceso.spa.fl_str_mv Abierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
Abierto (Texto Completo)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad del Rosario
dc.publisher.department.spa.fl_str_mv Facultad de administración
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv Administrador de negocios internacionales
institution Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv Al-Taie, M., Lane, M., & Cater-Steel, A. (2014). The relationship between organizational strategic IT vision and CIO roles: one side does not fit all. Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 59-89.
Bird, J. (2015). Fierce competition for chief digital officers. Financial Times. Retrieved February 2, 2018, from https://www.ft.com/content/ff1395d0-167a-11e5-b07f-00144feabdc0
Chen, Y. C. & Wu, J. H. (2011). IT management capability and its impact on the performance of a CIO. Information & Management, 48(4-5), 145-156
Chun, M., & Mooney, J. (2009). CIO roles and responsibilities: Twenty-five years of evolution and change. Information & Management, 323-334.
Diaz, J. P. (2016). Digitalización y crecimiento El reto de la transformación digital de las empresas. Harvard Deusto Business Review, 6-19.
Dörner, K., & Edelman, D. (2015). What 'digital' really means. McKinsey & Company. Retrieved May 8, 2018, from https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/high-tech/our-insights/whatdigital-really-means
Dumeresque, D. (2014). The chief digital officer: bringing a dynamic approach to digital business. Strategic Direction, 30(1), 1-3. doi:10.1108/SD-12-2013-0104
Friedrich, R., Pachmajer, M., & Curran, C. (2016). The right CDO for your company's future: The five archetypes of a chief digital officer. Strategy&. Retrieved Abril 3, 2018, from https://www.strategyand.pwc.com/reports/cdo-companys-future
Friedrich, R., Peladeau, P., & Mueller, K. (2015). Adapt, disrupt, transform, disappear: The 2015 Chief Digital Officer Study. Strategy&. Retrieved March 25, 2018, from https://www.strategyand.pwc.com/reports/chief-digital-officer-study
Haffke, I., Kalgovas, B., & Benlian, A. (2016). The Role of the CIO and the CDO in an Organization’s Digital Transformation. ICIS 2016 Proceedings
Harris, R. (2013). CIO vs. CDO. ITNOW, 55(3), Pages 56–57. https://doiorg.ez.urosario.edu.co/10.1093/itnow/bwt058
Hughes, P. (2016). The rise of the Chief Digital Officer. Deloitte. Retrieved Abril 19, 2018, from https://chief.digital/wp-content/uploads/Deloitte-Rise-of-the-Chief-Digital-Officer.pdf
Kaarst-Brown, M. L. (2005). Understanding an Organization's view of the CIO: The role of assumptions about IT. MIS Quarterly Executive, 4(2), pp. 287-301.
Mari, A. (2017). CIOs must become hybrid IT and digital leaders. Computer Weekly, 24-26.
Morakanyane, R., Grace, A. A. & O'Reilly, P. (2017). Conceptualizing Digital Transformation in Business Organizations: A Systematic Review of Literature. BLED 2017 Proceedings. 21. Retrieved May 5, 2018, from h7p://aisel.aisnet.org/bled2017/21
Nash, K. S. (2013). New Chief in Town. Cio, 26(8), 25-32.
Peppard, J., & Gerth, A. B. (2016). The dynamics of CIO derailment: How CIOs come undone and how to avoid it. Science Direct, 61-70.
Peppard, J., Edwards, C., & Lambert, R. (2011). Clarifying the Ambiguous Role of the CIO. MIS Quarterly Executive, 31-44.
Preston, D. S., D. C. & Leidner, D. E. (2008). Examining the Antecedents and Consequences of CIO Strategic Decision-Making Authority: An Empirical Study. Decision Sciences Institute, 605-642.
Rickards, T., Smaje, K. & Sohoni, V. (2015). ‘Transformer in chief’: The new chief digital officer. McKinsey & Company. Retrieved March 3, 2018, from https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/transformer-in-chiefthe-new-chief-digital-officer
Rowsell-Jones, A. (2013). Su empresa también tiene ventaja digital. IESE Insight, (18), 24-31
Samuels, M. (2015). Chief Data and Digital Officers rise to threaten de CIO. Computer Weekly, 15-17
Samuels, M. (2017). CIOs need to champion digital change as IT leadership roles continue to evolve. Computer Weekly, 4-5. Retrieved February 14, 2018, from https://www.computerweekly.com/news/450429658/CIOs-need-to-champion-digital-change-asIT-leadership-roles-evolve
Singh, A., & Hess, T. (2017). How Chief Digital Officers Promote the Digital Transformation of their Companies. Mis Quarterly Executive, 1-17.
Spelman, M., Weinelt, B.M., Lacy, P., Shah, A. (2017). Digital Transformation Initiative. In collaboration with Accenture. World Economic Forum. Retrieved May 22, 2018, from https://www.accenture.com/t20170116T084450__w__/usen/_acnmedia/Accenture/ConversionAssets/WEF/PDF/Accenture-DTI-executive-summary.pdf
Toor, T. (2017). The strategic Chief Information Officer. Strategic Direction, 33, 15-18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/SD-11-2016-0147
Tumbas, S., Berente, N., & Brocke, J. v. (2017). Three types of Chief Digital Officers and the reasons organizations adopt the role. MIS Quarterly Executive, 121-134.
Wetherbe, J. C., & Brancheau, J. C. (1987). Key Issues in Information Systems Management. MIS Quarterly, 23-45
dc.source.instname.spa.fl_str_mv instname:Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/576968fa-462b-404a-9ab7-5e2a38001195/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/4558add7-1600-4de7-abc5-c3a8519d0ddb/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/ff1b6b79-3ed5-47b7-832c-f2034be4a477/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/f4b178ca-80fb-42fe-a84d-b0af5ae1f6d0/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/06a781ba-9cc7-4702-b892-d95ba0677c65/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 909d8ced8dae413e71c870b960fd7fe4
fab9d9ed61d64f6ac005dee3306ae77e
9f5eb859bd5c30bc88515135ce7ba417
f61cddf2e5275dc02415b1d70060953c
5010949f95de053c5cc58bad052f0d0a
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio institucional EdocUR
repository.mail.fl_str_mv edocur@urosario.edu.co
_version_ 1831928279137779712
spelling Cano M., Jeimy J.79557736600Grajales Dau, MichelleAdministrador de Negocios InternacionalesFull timefb7a8bc0-302d-42a2-83f6-201155f820e76002019-01-18T22:36:20Z2019-01-18T22:36:20Z2018-07-302018La aparición del Chief Digital Officer (CDO) en la estructura organizacional ha provocado ciertas discusiones en la literatura y en la práctica sobre las implicaciones que este escenario tiene para el Chief Information Officer (CIO) donde se evidencia la falta de claridad con respecto a la dinámica de ambos roles y su futuro dentro de las organizaciones. Este artículo busca comprender el panorama en el que se ubican ambos roles, mostrando sus características y la percepción de ambos miembros de la organización sobre los roles, considerando el contexto de la transformación digital y la evolución de las interacciones entre las partes interesadas, como parte del surgimiento de las nuevas tecnologías y el cambio cultural hacia la digitalización. En este sentido, se establece cómo el CIO debe enfocarse en mantener una gestión de TI óptima, brindando una visión más estratégica del área, mientras que el CDO debe liderar las iniciativas digitales, comprender el journey de los consumidores y buscar nuevas oportunidades para cambiar la forma de hacer negocios. A partir de esto, se establece que aunque ambos roles serán necesarios en un futuro próximo, el CDO se mantendrá hasta que la empresa esté completamente digitalizada, donde se podría evidenciar una evolución del rol hacia la búsqueda de innovación. Finalmente, fue evidente cómo, al considerar las diferencias entre cada organización, los líderes empresariales deben ser claros en su propio contexto y sus objetivos digitales, para que tengan un plan de acción apropiado para esta evolución.The appearance of the Chief Digital Officer (CDO) in the organizational structure has causedcertain discussions in the literature and in practice towards the implications that this scenario hasfor the Chief Information Officer (CIO), where there is evidence of a lack of clarity regarding thedynamics of both roles and their future within the organizations. This article seeks to understandthe panorama in which both roles are located, showing their characteristics and the perceptionabout both roles by other members of the organization, considering the context of the digitaltransformation and the evolution in the interactions among stakeholders, as part of the emergenceof new technologies and the cultural shift towards digitalization. In this sense, it is established howthe CIO should focus on maintaining an optimal IT management, giving a more strategic vision tothe area, while the CDO should lead the digital initiatives, understanding the journey of theconsumers and looking for new opportunities to change the way of doing business. From this, it isestablished that although both roles will be necessary in the near future, the CDO will remain untilthe company is completely digitized, where an evolution of the role towards the search forinnovation could be evidenced. Finally, it was evident how considering the differences betweeneach organization, business leaders must be clear on their own context and their digital objectives, for them to have an appropriate action plan towards this evolution. application/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_18890 http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/18890spaUniversidad del RosarioFacultad de administraciónAdministrador de negocios internacionalesAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 ColombiaAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 ColombiaAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 ColombiaAbierto (Texto Completo)EL AUTOR, manifiesta que la obra objeto de la presente autorización es original y la realizó sin violar o usurpar derechos de autor de terceros, por lo tanto la obra es de exclusiva autoría y tiene la titularidad sobre la misma. PARGRAFO: En caso de presentarse cualquier reclamación o acción por parte de un tercero en cuanto a los derechos de autor sobre la obra en cuestión, EL AUTOR, asumirá toda la responsabilidad, y saldrá en defensa de los derechos aquí autorizados; para todos los efectos la universidad actúa como un tercero de buena fe. EL AUTOR, autoriza a LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO, para que en los términos establecidos en la Ley 23 de 1982, Ley 44 de 1993, Decisión andina 351 de 1993, Decreto 460 de 1995 y demás normas generales sobre la materia, utilice y use la obra objeto de la presente autorización. -------------------------------------- POLITICA DE TRATAMIENTO DE DATOS PERSONALES. Declaro que autorizo previa y de forma informada el tratamiento de mis datos personales por parte de LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO para fines académicos y en aplicación de convenios con terceros o servicios conexos con actividades propias de la academia, con estricto cumplimiento de los principios de ley. Para el correcto ejercicio de mi derecho de habeas data cuento con la cuenta de correo habeasdata@urosario.edu.co, donde previa identificación podré solicitar la consulta, corrección y supresión de mis datos.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Al-Taie, M., Lane, M., & Cater-Steel, A. (2014). The relationship between organizational strategic IT vision and CIO roles: one side does not fit all. Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 59-89.Bird, J. (2015). Fierce competition for chief digital officers. Financial Times. Retrieved February 2, 2018, from https://www.ft.com/content/ff1395d0-167a-11e5-b07f-00144feabdc0Chen, Y. C. & Wu, J. H. (2011). IT management capability and its impact on the performance of a CIO. Information & Management, 48(4-5), 145-156Chun, M., & Mooney, J. (2009). CIO roles and responsibilities: Twenty-five years of evolution and change. Information & Management, 323-334.Diaz, J. P. (2016). Digitalización y crecimiento El reto de la transformación digital de las empresas. Harvard Deusto Business Review, 6-19.Dörner, K., & Edelman, D. (2015). What 'digital' really means. McKinsey & Company. Retrieved May 8, 2018, from https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/high-tech/our-insights/whatdigital-really-meansDumeresque, D. (2014). The chief digital officer: bringing a dynamic approach to digital business. Strategic Direction, 30(1), 1-3. doi:10.1108/SD-12-2013-0104Friedrich, R., Pachmajer, M., & Curran, C. (2016). The right CDO for your company's future: The five archetypes of a chief digital officer. Strategy&. Retrieved Abril 3, 2018, from https://www.strategyand.pwc.com/reports/cdo-companys-futureFriedrich, R., Peladeau, P., & Mueller, K. (2015). Adapt, disrupt, transform, disappear: The 2015 Chief Digital Officer Study. Strategy&. Retrieved March 25, 2018, from https://www.strategyand.pwc.com/reports/chief-digital-officer-studyHaffke, I., Kalgovas, B., & Benlian, A. (2016). The Role of the CIO and the CDO in an Organization’s Digital Transformation. ICIS 2016 ProceedingsHarris, R. (2013). CIO vs. CDO. ITNOW, 55(3), Pages 56–57. https://doiorg.ez.urosario.edu.co/10.1093/itnow/bwt058Hughes, P. (2016). The rise of the Chief Digital Officer. Deloitte. Retrieved Abril 19, 2018, from https://chief.digital/wp-content/uploads/Deloitte-Rise-of-the-Chief-Digital-Officer.pdfKaarst-Brown, M. L. (2005). Understanding an Organization's view of the CIO: The role of assumptions about IT. MIS Quarterly Executive, 4(2), pp. 287-301.Mari, A. (2017). CIOs must become hybrid IT and digital leaders. Computer Weekly, 24-26.Morakanyane, R., Grace, A. A. & O'Reilly, P. (2017). Conceptualizing Digital Transformation in Business Organizations: A Systematic Review of Literature. BLED 2017 Proceedings. 21. Retrieved May 5, 2018, from h7p://aisel.aisnet.org/bled2017/21Nash, K. S. (2013). New Chief in Town. Cio, 26(8), 25-32.Peppard, J., & Gerth, A. B. (2016). The dynamics of CIO derailment: How CIOs come undone and how to avoid it. Science Direct, 61-70.Peppard, J., Edwards, C., & Lambert, R. (2011). Clarifying the Ambiguous Role of the CIO. MIS Quarterly Executive, 31-44.Preston, D. S., D. C. & Leidner, D. E. (2008). Examining the Antecedents and Consequences of CIO Strategic Decision-Making Authority: An Empirical Study. Decision Sciences Institute, 605-642.Rickards, T., Smaje, K. & Sohoni, V. (2015). ‘Transformer in chief’: The new chief digital officer. McKinsey & Company. Retrieved March 3, 2018, from https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/transformer-in-chiefthe-new-chief-digital-officerRowsell-Jones, A. (2013). Su empresa también tiene ventaja digital. IESE Insight, (18), 24-31Samuels, M. (2015). Chief Data and Digital Officers rise to threaten de CIO. Computer Weekly, 15-17Samuels, M. (2017). CIOs need to champion digital change as IT leadership roles continue to evolve. Computer Weekly, 4-5. Retrieved February 14, 2018, from https://www.computerweekly.com/news/450429658/CIOs-need-to-champion-digital-change-asIT-leadership-roles-evolveSingh, A., & Hess, T. (2017). How Chief Digital Officers Promote the Digital Transformation of their Companies. Mis Quarterly Executive, 1-17.Spelman, M., Weinelt, B.M., Lacy, P., Shah, A. (2017). Digital Transformation Initiative. In collaboration with Accenture. World Economic Forum. Retrieved May 22, 2018, from https://www.accenture.com/t20170116T084450__w__/usen/_acnmedia/Accenture/ConversionAssets/WEF/PDF/Accenture-DTI-executive-summary.pdfToor, T. (2017). The strategic Chief Information Officer. Strategic Direction, 33, 15-18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/SD-11-2016-0147Tumbas, S., Berente, N., & Brocke, J. v. (2017). Three types of Chief Digital Officers and the reasons organizations adopt the role. MIS Quarterly Executive, 121-134.Wetherbe, J. C., & Brancheau, J. C. (1987). Key Issues in Information Systems Management. MIS Quarterly, 23-45instname:Universidad del Rosarioreponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocURChief Digital OfficerChief Information OfficerDigitalizationDigital TransformationorganizationCDOCIOIT infrastructureAdministración general658600Chief Information OfficerChief Digital OfficerDigitalizationDigital TransformationorganizationCIOCDOinnovationIT infrastructureOrganizacionesDigitalización de la informaciónInnovaciones tecnológicasEvaluación del trabajoDoes the role of Chief Information Officer & Chief Digital Officer will remain in the future within the digital transformation of organizations? A literature reviewbachelorThesisAnálisis de casoTrabajo de gradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fORIGINALGrajalesDau-Michelle-2018.pdfGrajalesDau-Michelle-2018.pdfTrabajo de Grado - Michelle Grajalesapplication/pdf266119https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/576968fa-462b-404a-9ab7-5e2a38001195/download909d8ced8dae413e71c870b960fd7fe4MD57LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain1475https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/4558add7-1600-4de7-abc5-c3a8519d0ddb/downloadfab9d9ed61d64f6ac005dee3306ae77eMD58CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8810https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/ff1b6b79-3ed5-47b7-832c-f2034be4a477/download9f5eb859bd5c30bc88515135ce7ba417MD59TEXTGrajalesDau-Michelle-2018.pdf.txtGrajalesDau-Michelle-2018.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain53102https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/f4b178ca-80fb-42fe-a84d-b0af5ae1f6d0/downloadf61cddf2e5275dc02415b1d70060953cMD510THUMBNAILGrajalesDau-Michelle-2018.pdf.jpgGrajalesDau-Michelle-2018.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg2314https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/06a781ba-9cc7-4702-b892-d95ba0677c65/download5010949f95de053c5cc58bad052f0d0aMD51110336/18890oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/188902019-09-19 07:37:54.609585http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombiahttps://repository.urosario.edu.coRepositorio institucional EdocURedocur@urosario.edu.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