The dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsia

Three closely related thermally dimorphic pathogens are causal agents of major fungal diseases affecting humans in the Americas: blastomycosis, histoplasmosis and paracoccidioidomycosis. Here we report the genome sequence and analysis of four strains of the etiological agent of blastomycosis, Blasto...

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Fecha de publicación:
2015
Institución:
Universidad del Rosario
Repositorio:
Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/21688
Acceso en línea:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005493
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/21688
Palabra clave:
Transcriptoma
Experimento animal
Antropología física
Ajellomyces dermatitidis
Animal experiment
Animal model
Transcriptome
Genoma humano
Blastomyces
Chrysosporium
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License
Abierto (Texto Completo)
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network_acronym_str EDOCUR2
network_name_str Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv The dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsia
title The dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsia
spellingShingle The dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsia
Transcriptoma
Experimento animal
Antropología física
Ajellomyces dermatitidis
Animal experiment
Animal model
Transcriptome
Genoma humano
Blastomyces
Chrysosporium
title_short The dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsia
title_full The dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsia
title_fullStr The dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsia
title_full_unstemmed The dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsia
title_sort The dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsia
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Transcriptoma
Experimento animal
topic Transcriptoma
Experimento animal
Antropología física
Ajellomyces dermatitidis
Animal experiment
Animal model
Transcriptome
Genoma humano
Blastomyces
Chrysosporium
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv Antropología física
dc.subject.keyword.spa.fl_str_mv Ajellomyces dermatitidis
Animal experiment
Animal model
Transcriptome
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv Genoma humano
Blastomyces
Chrysosporium
description Three closely related thermally dimorphic pathogens are causal agents of major fungal diseases affecting humans in the Americas: blastomycosis, histoplasmosis and paracoccidioidomycosis. Here we report the genome sequence and analysis of four strains of the etiological agent of blastomycosis, Blastomyces, and two species of the related genus Emmonsia, typically pathogens of small mammals. Compared to related species, Blastomyces genomes are highly expanded, with long, often sharply demarcated tracts of low GC-content sequence. These GC-poor isochore-like regions are enriched for gypsy elements, are variable in total size between isolates, and are least expanded in the avirulent B. dermatitidis strain ER-3 as compared with the virulent B. gilchristii strain SLH14081. The lack of similar regions in related species suggests these isochore-like regions originated recently in the ancestor of the Blastomyces lineage. While gene content is highly conserved between Blastomyces and related fungi, we identified changes in copy number of genes potentially involved in host interaction, including proteases and characterized antigens. In addition, we studied gene expression changes of B. dermatitidis during the interaction of the infectious yeast form with macrophages and in a mouse model. Both experiments highlight a strong antioxidant defense response in Blastomyces, and upregulation of dioxygenases in vivo suggests that dioxide produced by antioxidants may be further utilized for amino acid metabolism. We identify a number of functional categories upregulated exclusively in vivo, such as secreted proteins, zinc acquisition proteins, and cysteine and tryptophan metabolism, which may include critical virulence factors missed before in in vitro studies. Across the dimorphic fungi, loss of certain zinc acquisition genes and differences in amino acid metabolism suggest unique adaptations of Blastomyces to its host environment. These results reveal the dynamics of genome evolution and of factors contributing to virulence in Blastomyces. © 2015 Muñoz et al.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv 2015
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2015
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2020-04-20T02:14:48Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2020-04-20T02:14:48Z
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv article
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
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dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005493
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 1553-7390
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/21688
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005493
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/21688
identifier_str_mv 1553-7390
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.citationIssue.none.fl_str_mv No. 10
dc.relation.citationTitle.none.fl_str_mv PLoS Genetics
dc.relation.citationVolume.none.fl_str_mv Vol. 11
dc.relation.ispartof.spa.fl_str_mv PLoS Genetics, ISSN: 1553-7390 Vol. 11, No. 10 (2015)
dc.relation.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1005493&type=printable
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rights_invalid_str_mv Abierto (Texto Completo)
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institution Universidad del Rosario
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dc.source.reponame.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
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Here we report the genome sequence and analysis of four strains of the etiological agent of blastomycosis, Blastomyces, and two species of the related genus Emmonsia, typically pathogens of small mammals. Compared to related species, Blastomyces genomes are highly expanded, with long, often sharply demarcated tracts of low GC-content sequence. These GC-poor isochore-like regions are enriched for gypsy elements, are variable in total size between isolates, and are least expanded in the avirulent B. dermatitidis strain ER-3 as compared with the virulent B. gilchristii strain SLH14081. The lack of similar regions in related species suggests these isochore-like regions originated recently in the ancestor of the Blastomyces lineage. While gene content is highly conserved between Blastomyces and related fungi, we identified changes in copy number of genes potentially involved in host interaction, including proteases and characterized antigens. In addition, we studied gene expression changes of B. dermatitidis during the interaction of the infectious yeast form with macrophages and in a mouse model. Both experiments highlight a strong antioxidant defense response in Blastomyces, and upregulation of dioxygenases in vivo suggests that dioxide produced by antioxidants may be further utilized for amino acid metabolism. We identify a number of functional categories upregulated exclusively in vivo, such as secreted proteins, zinc acquisition proteins, and cysteine and tryptophan metabolism, which may include critical virulence factors missed before in in vitro studies. Across the dimorphic fungi, loss of certain zinc acquisition genes and differences in amino acid metabolism suggest unique adaptations of Blastomyces to its host environment. These results reveal the dynamics of genome evolution and of factors contributing to virulence in Blastomyces. © 2015 Muñoz et al.application/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.10054931553-7390https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/21688engNo. 10PLoS GeneticsVol. 11PLoS Genetics, ISSN: 1553-7390 Vol. 11, No. 10 (2015)https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1005493&type=printableAbierto (Texto Completo)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2instname:Universidad del Rosarioreponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocURTranscriptomaExperimento animalAntropología física573600Ajellomyces dermatitidisAnimal experimentAnimal modelTranscriptomeGenoma humanoBlastomycesChrysosporiumThe dynamic genome and transcriptome of the human fungal pathogen blastomyces and close relative emmonsiaarticleArtículohttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Muñoz, José F.Gauthier, Gregory M.Desjardins, ChristopherGallo, Juan E.Holder, JasonSullivan, Thomas D.Marty, Amber J.Carmen, John C.Chen, ZehuaDing, LiGujja, SharvariMagrini, VincentMisas, ElizabethMitreva, MakedonkaPriest, MargaretSaif, SakinaWhiston, Emily A.Young, SarahZeng, QiandongGoldman, WilliamMardis, Elaine R.Taylor, John W.McEwen, Juan G.Clay, Oliver K.Klein, Bruce S.Cuomo, Christina A.Muñoz, José F.Gauthier, Gregory M.Desjardins, Christopher A.Gallo, Juan E.Holder, JasonSullivan, Thomas D.Marty, Amber J.Carmen, John C.Chen, ZehuaDing, LiGujja, SharvariMagrini, VincentMisas, ElizabethMitreva, MakedonkaPriest, MargaretSaif, SakinaWhiston, Emily A.Young, SarahZeng, QiandongGoldman, William E.Mardis, Elaine R.Taylor, John W.McEwen, Juan G.Clay, Oliver K.Klein, Bruce S.Cuomo, Christina A.ORIGINALThe_Dynamic_Genome_and_Transcriptome_of_the_Human_Fungal_Pathogen_Blastomyces_and_Close_Relative_Emmonsia.pdfapplication/pdf3007291https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/2f9721fa-66bd-4d04-b196-a57f55ba0ce4/download7a4df234731ef5dfcfa6606b44ea2c9cMD51TEXTThe_Dynamic_Genome_and_Transcriptome_of_the_Human_Fungal_Pathogen_Blastomyces_and_Close_Relative_Emmonsia.pdf.txtThe_Dynamic_Genome_and_Transcriptome_of_the_Human_Fungal_Pathogen_Blastomyces_and_Close_Relative_Emmonsia.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain113999https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/2d93459c-6a5e-48ad-b881-1f60bc3440f9/download4b48227d06de0c9e592d3d6eb548bed1MD52THUMBNAILThe_Dynamic_Genome_and_Transcriptome_of_the_Human_Fungal_Pathogen_Blastomyces_and_Close_Relative_Emmonsia.pdf.jpgThe_Dynamic_Genome_and_Transcriptome_of_the_Human_Fungal_Pathogen_Blastomyces_and_Close_Relative_Emmonsia.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4632https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/0dc51d27-0a88-400e-906d-c48f57c863dc/download27141c886fd53494f0350b6ec5199a7fMD5310336/21688oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/216882020-05-15 11:39:44.108https://repository.urosario.edu.coRepositorio institucional EdocURedocur@urosario.edu.co