Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata)

Procesos de divergencia genética pueden ocurrir debido a procesos geográficos y/o fenotípicos. No obstante, los polimorfismos fenotípicos causados por selección natural y/o sexual, pueden dificultar encontrar patrones de divergencia genética debido a diferencias entre rasgos genéticos y morfológicos...

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Fecha de publicación:: 2018

Institución:: Universidad del Rosario

Repositorio:: Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario

Idioma:: spa

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oai_identifier_str	oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/20101
network_acronym_str	EDOCUR2
network_name_str	Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata)
title	Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata)
spellingShingle	Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata) Especies crípticas Mimetismo Especies politípicas Morfometría geométrica Odonata Vicarianza Otros invertebrados Odonata cryptic species polytypic species geometric morphometry vicariance mimetism Taxonomía Entomología Mimetismo (Biología) Polimorfismo Odonata
title_short	Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata)
title_full	Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata)
title_fullStr	Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata)
title_full_unstemmed	Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata)
title_sort	Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata)
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Sanchez-Herrera, Melissa
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv	Nunes, Renato Salazar, Camilo Wallace, Arianne
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv	Especies crípticas Mimetismo Especies politípicas Morfometría geométrica Odonata Vicarianza
topic	Especies crípticas Mimetismo Especies politípicas Morfometría geométrica Odonata Vicarianza Otros invertebrados Odonata cryptic species polytypic species geometric morphometry vicariance mimetism Taxonomía Entomología Mimetismo (Biología) Polimorfismo Odonata
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv	Otros invertebrados
dc.subject.keyword.spa.fl_str_mv	Odonata cryptic species polytypic species geometric morphometry vicariance mimetism
dc.subject.lemb.spa.fl_str_mv	Taxonomía Entomología Mimetismo (Biología) Polimorfismo Odonata
description	Procesos de divergencia genética pueden ocurrir debido a procesos geográficos y/o fenotípicos. No obstante, los polimorfismos fenotípicos causados por selección natural y/o sexual, pueden dificultar encontrar patrones de divergencia genética debido a diferencias entre rasgos genéticos y morfológicos. Las libélulas del género Polythore han demostrado polimorfismos llamativos de color alar que se encuentran a lo largo de su distribución geográfica, la cual incluye la cordillera de los Andes y la cuenca Amazónica. Lo anterior sugiere, son excelentes modelos poner a prueba los efectos de altos polimorfismos fenotípicos y procesos geográficos sobre los patrones de diversidad genética. Nuestro objetivo fue explorar la diversidad genética y morfológica a lo largo de la filogenia de este colorido género. La hipótesis filogenética obtenida para tres loci de mtDNA muestran una asociación estrecha con la geografía, definiendo así cuatro clados geográficos altamente soportados (i.e. Amazónico, Oeste, Noreste y Sureste de los Andes). En general, los patrones de diversidad genética y morfológica del clado Amazónico, fueron altos y congruentes entre las morfoespecies, sugiriendo patrones de divergencia explicado por posibles procesos. Mientras que las morfoespecies Andinas mostraron un patrón de diversificación reciente el cual puede ser explicado por eventos de dispersión. Finalmente, la diversificación del patrón de coloración alar de Polythore parece ser promovida por presiones de selección que pueden ser sexuales o bien, naturales.
publishDate	2018
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv	2018-12-14
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2018
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2019-08-13T20:43:52Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2019-08-13T20:43:52Z
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv	bachelorThesis
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.document.spa.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv	https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_20101
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/20101
url	https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_20101 http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/20101
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv	Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.acceso.spa.fl_str_mv	Abierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.uri.none.fl_str_mv	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
rights_invalid_str_mv	Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia Abierto (Texto Completo) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/ http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv	application/pdf
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad del Rosario
dc.publisher.department.spa.fl_str_mv	Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv	Biología
institution	Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv	Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035 Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106 Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica. Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools. Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141 Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.x Coyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210 De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611 Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.x Edgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340 Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x Ford, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24 García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077 Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005 HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.x Hancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904 Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368 Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074 Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610 Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep. Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410 Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9 Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell. Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4 Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3 Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28 Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.x Matsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.x Mesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024 Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300 Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810 Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963 PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178 Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J. Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036 Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249 Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651 Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877. Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831 Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477 Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028 Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035 Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106 Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica. Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools. Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141 Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.x Coyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210 De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611 Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.x Edgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340 Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x Ford, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24 García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077 Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005 HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.x Hancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904 Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368 Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074 Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610 Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep. Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410 Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9 Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell. Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4 Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3 Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28 Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.x Matsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.x Mesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024 Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300 Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810 Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963 PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178 Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J. Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036 Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249 Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651 Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877. Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831 Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477 Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028 Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035 Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106 Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica. Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools. Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141 Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.x Coyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210 De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611 Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.x Edgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340 Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x Ford, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24 García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077 Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005 HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.x Hancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904 Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368 Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074 Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610 Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep. Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410 Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9 Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell. Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4 Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3 Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28 Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.x Matsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.x Mesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024 Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300 Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810 Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963 PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178 Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J. Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036 Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249 Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651 Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877. Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831 Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477 Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028 Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035 Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106 Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica. Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools. Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141 Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.x Coyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210 De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611 Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.x Edgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340 Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x Ford, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24 García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077 Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005 HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.x Hancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904 Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368 Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074 Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610 Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep. Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410 Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9 Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell. Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4 Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3 Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28 Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.x Matsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.x Mesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024 Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300 Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810 Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963 PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178 Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J. Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036 Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249 Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651 Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877. Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831 Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477 Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028 Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035 Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106 Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica. Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools. Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141 Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.x Coyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210 De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611 Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.x Edgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340 Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x Ford, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24 García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077 Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005 HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.x Hancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904 Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368 Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074 Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610 Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep. Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410 Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9 Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell. Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4 Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3 Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28 Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.x Matsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.x Mesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024 Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300 Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810 Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963 PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178 Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J. Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036 Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249 Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651 Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877. Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831 Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477 Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028 Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035 Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106 Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica. Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools. Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141 Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.x Coyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210 De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611 Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.x Edgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340 Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x Ford, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24 García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077 Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005 HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.x Hancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904 Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368 Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074 Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610 Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep. Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410 Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9 Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell. Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4 Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3 Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28 Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.x Matsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.x Mesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024 Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300 Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810 Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963 PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178 Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J. Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036 Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249 Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651 Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877. Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831 Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477 Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028 Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035 Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106 Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica. Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools. Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141 Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.x Coyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210 De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611 Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.x Edgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340 Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x Ford, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24 García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077 Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005 HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.x Hancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904 Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368 Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074 Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610 Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep. Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410 Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9 Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell. Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4 Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3 Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28 Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.x Matsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.x Mesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024 Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300 Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810 Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963 PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178 Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J. Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036 Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249 Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651 Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877. Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831 Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477 Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028 Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035 Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106 Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica. Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica. Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools. Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141 Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.x Coyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210 De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611 Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.x Edgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340 Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x Ford, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24 García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077 Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005 HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.x Hancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904 Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368 Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074 Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610 Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep. Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410 Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9 Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell. Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4 Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3 Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28 Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.x Matsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.x Mesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004 Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024 Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300 Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810 Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963 PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178 Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J. Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036 Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249 Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651 Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877. Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831 Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477 Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028
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spelling	Nunes, RenatoSalazar, CamiloWallace, ArianneSanchez-Herrera, Melissa35199256600Mongui Torres, Juan PabloBiólogoFull time4cf056a3-cf69-44fb-b338-8d29ad05b2646002019-08-13T20:43:52Z2019-08-13T20:43:52Z2018-12-142018Procesos de divergencia genética pueden ocurrir debido a procesos geográficos y/o fenotípicos. No obstante, los polimorfismos fenotípicos causados por selección natural y/o sexual, pueden dificultar encontrar patrones de divergencia genética debido a diferencias entre rasgos genéticos y morfológicos. Las libélulas del género Polythore han demostrado polimorfismos llamativos de color alar que se encuentran a lo largo de su distribución geográfica, la cual incluye la cordillera de los Andes y la cuenca Amazónica. Lo anterior sugiere, son excelentes modelos poner a prueba los efectos de altos polimorfismos fenotípicos y procesos geográficos sobre los patrones de diversidad genética. Nuestro objetivo fue explorar la diversidad genética y morfológica a lo largo de la filogenia de este colorido género. La hipótesis filogenética obtenida para tres loci de mtDNA muestran una asociación estrecha con la geografía, definiendo así cuatro clados geográficos altamente soportados (i.e. Amazónico, Oeste, Noreste y Sureste de los Andes). En general, los patrones de diversidad genética y morfológica del clado Amazónico, fueron altos y congruentes entre las morfoespecies, sugiriendo patrones de divergencia explicado por posibles procesos. Mientras que las morfoespecies Andinas mostraron un patrón de diversificación reciente el cual puede ser explicado por eventos de dispersión. Finalmente, la diversificación del patrón de coloración alar de Polythore parece ser promovida por presiones de selección que pueden ser sexuales o bien, naturales.Genetic divergence across populations can be favored by geographical and/or phenotypic processes. However, phenotype polymorphisms caused by natural and/or sexual selection can obscure patterns of genetic divergence due to disparity across the morphological or behavioral traits with the genetic makeup in the populations. The Neotropical banner damselflies of the genus Polythore, exhibit a striking wing color polymorphism across all its geographical range, which includes the Andes Cordillera and Amazon Basin. The latter suggests that they are excellent model organisms to test the effects of high phenotypic polymorphisms and geographical processes on the patterns of genetic diversity. Our aim was to explore the genetic and morphological diversity across the phylogenetic tree of these colorful damselflies. Our mtDNA phylogenetic reconstruction shows a strong association with geographical location, resulting on the recovery of four well-supported geographical clades (i.e: Amazon clade; and the West, Southeast and Northeast Andean clades). Overall, the patterns of genetic and morphological diversity are high and concordant across all members tested in the Amazon clade; suggesting that these population may have been experiencing divergence due to vicariant events. While for the Andean clades, the morphospecies showed a pattern of recent diversification that might be promoted by dispersal events. Finally, the wing color pattern seems to be shaped by other selective pressures including, sexual and/or natural selection.application/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_20101 http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/20101spaUniversidad del RosarioFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y MatemáticasBiologíaAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 ColombiaAbierto (Texto Completo)EL AUTOR, manifiesta que la obra objeto de la presente autorización es original y la realizó sin violar o usurpar derechos de autor de terceros, por lo tanto la obra es de exclusiva autoría y tiene la titularidad sobre la misma.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica.Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools.Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.xCoyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.xEdgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.xFord, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.xHancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep.Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell.Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.xMatsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.xMesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J.Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England).Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877.Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica.Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools.Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.xCoyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.xEdgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.xFord, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.xHancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep.Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell.Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.xMatsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.xMesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J.Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England).Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877.Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica.Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools.Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.xCoyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.xEdgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.xFord, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.xHancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep.Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell.Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.xMatsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.xMesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J.Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England).Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877.Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica.Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools.Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.xCoyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.xEdgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.xFord, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.xHancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep.Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell.Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.xMatsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.xMesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J.Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England).Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877.Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica.Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools.Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.xCoyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.xEdgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.xFord, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.xHancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep.Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell.Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.xMatsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.xMesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J.Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England).Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877.Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica.Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools.Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.xCoyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.xEdgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.xFord, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.xHancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep.Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell.Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.xMatsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.xMesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J.Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England).Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877.Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1028Adams, D. C., & Otárola-Castillo, E. (2013). Geomorph: An r package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12035Antonelli, A., Nylander, J. A. A., Persson, C., & Sanmartin, I. (2009). Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift on Neotropical plant evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811421106Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1985). A revision of the Picta group of Polythore, with a description of a new species, P. lamerceda Spec. Nov. from Peru (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, G H, & Bick, J. C. (1990). Polythore neopicta spec. nov. from Peru (Odonata: Polythoridae). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica.Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools.Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.xCoyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). Diversification of clearwing butterflies with the rise of the Andes. Journal of Biogeography. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12611Dick, C. W., Roubik, D. W., Gruber, K. F., & Bermingham, E. (2004). Long-distance gene flow and cross-Andean dispersal of lowland rainforest bees (Apidae: Euglossini) revealed by comparative mitochondrial DNA phylogeography. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02374.xEdgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.xFord, E. B. (1955). Polymorphism and taxonomy. Heredity. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1955.24García-R, J. C., Crawford, A. J., Mendoza, Á. M., Ospina, O., Cardenas, H., & Castro, F. (2012). Comparative Phylogeography of Direct-Developing Frogs (Anura: Craugastoridae: Pristimantis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046077Guarnizo, C. E., Amézquita, A., & Bermingham, E. (2009). The relative roles of vicariance versus elevational gradients in the genetic differentiation of the high Andean tree frog, Dendropsophus labialis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.005HADRYS, H., BALICK, M., & SCHIERWATER, B. (1992). Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1992.tb00155.xHancock, J. M., Zvelebil, M. J., & Cummings, M. P. (2014). FigTree. In Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471650126.dob0904Heads, M. (2019). Passive uplift of plant and animal populations during mountain‐building. Cladistics. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12368Herrera, M. S., Kuhn, W. R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep.Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell.Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.xMatsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.xMesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J.Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. 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(1986). The genus Polythore exclusive of the picta group (Zygoptera: Polythoridae). Odonatologica.Bick, George H, & Bick, J. C. (1992). A study of family Polythoridae, with details on the genus Euthore Selys, 1869 (Zygoptera). Odonatologica.Biomatters Limited. (2018). Geneious - Molecular Biology and NGS Analysis Tools.Chamberlain, N. L., Hill, R. I., Kapan, D. D., Gilbert, L. E., & Kronforst, M. R. (2009). Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179141Chaves, J. A., Weir, J. T., & Smith, T. B. (2011). Diversification in Adelomyia hummingbirds follows Andean uplift. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05304.xCoyne, J. A. (1998). The evolutionary genetics of speciation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0210De-Silva, D. L., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Mallet, J., & Day, J. J. (2016). 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R., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Harding, K. M., Ankrom, N., Sherratt, T. N., … Beatty, C. D. (2015). Mixed signals? Morphological and molecular evidence suggest a color polymorphism in some Neotropical Polythore damselflies. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125074Jiggins, C. D. (2008). Ecological Speciation in Mimetic Butterflies. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1641/b580610Kuhn et al. 2019. Introducing the Targeted Odonata Wing Digitization (TOWD) Project for North American Odonata. In prep.Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). POPART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410Lowry, D. B., & Gould, B. A. (2016). Speciation Continuum. In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800049-6.00080-9Macherey-Nagel. (2011). Plasmid DNA Purification User Manual NucleoBond® Xtra Midi. In Cell.Mallet, J. (1995). A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90031-4Mallet, J. (2013). Species, Concepts of. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384719-5.00131-3Mallet, J., Beltrán, M., Neukirchen, W., & Linares, M. (2007). Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum. BMC Evolutionary Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-28Martin, P. R., Montgomerie, R., & Lougheed, S. C. (2010). Rapid sympatry explains greater color pattern divergence in high latitude birds. Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00831.xMatsubayashi, K. W., Ohshima, I., & Nosil, P. (2010). Ecological speciation in phytophagous insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00916.xMesquite Project Team. (2014). Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004Minh, B. Q., Nguyen, M. A. T., & Von Haeseler, A. (2013). Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst024Nguyen, L. T., Schmidt, H. A., Von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300Orr, H. A. (1995). The population genetics of speciation: The evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. Genetics, 139(4), 1805–1813. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.081810Outomuro, D., Ángel-Giraldo, P., Corral-Lopez, A., & Realpe, E. (2016). Multitrait aposematic signal in Batesian mimicry. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12963PROMEGA. (2007). GoTaq® DNA Polymerase. Promega. https://doi.org/M3178Rasband, W. S. (1997). Image J.Rincon-Sandoval, M., Betancur-R, R., & Maldonado-Ocampo, J. A. (2019). Comparative phylogeography of trans-Andean freshwater fishes based on genome-wide nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15036Sanchez Herrera, M., Beatty, C., Nunes, R., Realpe, E., Salazar, C., & Ware, J. L. (2018). A molecular systematic analysis of the Neotropical banner winged damselflies (Polythoridae: Odonata). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12249Shimodaira, H., & Hasegawa, M. (2001). CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree selection. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England).Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B., Liu, H., & Flook, P. (2015). Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651Sobel, J. M., Chen, G. F., Watt, L. R., & Schemske, D. W. (2010). The biology of speciation. Evolution, 64(2), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00877.Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. https://doi.org/PMC1203831Winger, B. M., Hosner, P. A., Bravo, G. A., Cuervo, A. M., Aristizábal, N., Cueto, L. E., & Bates, J. M. (2015). Inferring speciation history in the Andes with reduced-representation sequence data: An example in the bay-backed antpittas (Aves; Grallariidae; Grallaria hypoleuca s. l.). Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13477Zink, R. M., Blackwell-Rago, R. C., & Ronquist, F. (2000). The shifting roles of dispersal and vicariance in biogeography. 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Patterns of genetic and morphological diversity in the highly polymorphic Neotropical banner damselflies, Polythore (Polythoridae:Odonata)

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