The Relationship between Socioeconomic Status, Family Income, and Measures of Muscular and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Colombian Schoolchildren

Objective To determine the associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and physical fitness in a sample of Colombian youth. Study design Prueba SER is cross-sectional survey of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia. Mass, stature, muscular fitness (standing long-jump, handgrip), and cardiorespiratory fitness (20-m shuttle run) were measured in 52 187 schoolchildren 14-16 years of age. Area-level SES was categorized from 1 (very low) to 4 (high) and parent-reported family income was categorized as low, middle, or high. Results Converting measures into z scores showed stature, muscular, and cardiorespiratory fitness were significantly (z = 0.3-0.7) below European values. Children in the mid- and high SES groups jumped significantly further than groups with very low SES. Differences were independent of sex but became nonsignificant when adjusted for anthropometric differences. Participants in the mid-SES and high-SES groups had better handgrip scores when adjusted for body dimension. There were, however, no significant between-group differences in cardiorespiratory fitness, which was strongly clustered by school and significantly greater in students from private schools. Conclusions Area-level SES is associated with measures of muscular fitness in Colombian schoolchildren. These associations were largely explained by the large differences in body dimensions observed between SES groups. When area-level SES is considered, there was no evidence that family income influenced fitness. The clustering of outcomes reaffirms the potential importance of schools and area-level factors in promoting fitness through opportunities for physical activity. Interventions implemented in schools, can improve academic attainment; a factor likely to be important in promoting the social mobility of children from poorer families. © 2016 Elsevier Inc.

• Fecha de publicación: 2017
• Institución: Universidad del Rosario
• Repositorio: Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
• Idioma: eng
• OAI Identifier: oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/22423
• Acceso en línea: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.12.058; https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/22423
• Palabra clave: Adolescent; Anthropometry; Article; Body height; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Child; Colombian; Cross-sectional study; European; Family income; Female; Fitness; Hand grip; Highest income group; Human; Jumping; Lowest income group; Male; Middle income group; Muscle; Muscular fitness; Parent; Priority journal; School child; Sex; Social status; Standing; Body mass; Colombia; Income; Muscle strength; Private sector; Public sector; School; Social class; Adolescent; Body height; Body mass index; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Colombia; Cross-sectional studies; Female; Humans; Income; Male; Muscle strength; Private sector; Public sector; Schools; Social class; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Epidemiology; Muscular strength; Schoolchildren; Socioeconomic status
• License: Abierto (Texto Completo)