Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo

La eficiencia reproductiva es uno de los aspectos esenciales en la rentabilidad de las explotaciones. Sin embargo, el progresivo decaimiento de la fertilidad de las vacas en lactancia y el tiempo y esfuerzo que se requieren para realizar la detección de celos han afectado los parámetros reproductivo...

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Autores:: Peralta Zapata, Camilo Andrés

Tipo de recurso:: Trabajo de grado de pregrado

Fecha de publicación:: 2019

Institución:: Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia

Repositorio:: Repositorio UCC

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network_acronym_str	COOPER2
network_name_str	Repositorio UCC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo
title	Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo
spellingShingle	Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo Animales IATF Detección de celos Protocolos Hormonas TG 2019 MVZ 11487 Animals FTAI Detection of jealousy Protocols Hormones
title_short	Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo
title_full	Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo
title_fullStr	Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo
title_full_unstemmed	Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo
title_sort	Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Peralta Zapata, Camilo Andrés
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Bonilla León, Lilian
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Peralta Zapata, Camilo Andrés
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv	Animales IATF Detección de celos Protocolos Hormonas
topic	Animales IATF Detección de celos Protocolos Hormonas TG 2019 MVZ 11487 Animals FTAI Detection of jealousy Protocols Hormones
dc.subject.classification.spa.fl_str_mv	TG 2019 MVZ 11487
dc.subject.other.spa.fl_str_mv	Animals FTAI Detection of jealousy Protocols Hormones
description	La eficiencia reproductiva es uno de los aspectos esenciales en la rentabilidad de las explotaciones. Sin embargo, el progresivo decaimiento de la fertilidad de las vacas en lactancia y el tiempo y esfuerzo que se requieren para realizar la detección de celos han afectado los parámetros reproductivos en las producciones; por eso se han implementado Los protocolos de inseminación artificial para mejorar el progreso genético. Esta herramienta es de mucha utilidad ya que nos permite controlar el desarrollo folicular y la ovulación en nuestros animales, mediante la implementación de hormonas como son la liberadora de gonadotropina (GnRH), valerato de estradiol (VE), prostaglandina F 2 alfa (PGF2α), progesterona (P4), gonadotropina coriónica equina (eCG), benzoato de estradiol (BE) y poder llegar al objetivo que es la inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo (IATF). La presente revisión pretende recopilar los aspectos generales que evalúan la efectividad de los diferentes protocolos de inseminación artificial que se podrían utilizar en nuestra ganadería.
publishDate	2019
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2019-06-20T17:38:43Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2019-06-20T17:38:43Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2019-06-20
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
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status_str	acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/11487
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv	Peralta Zapata C. A. (2018). Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo. (Tesis de pregrado).Recuperado de: http://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/ucc/11487
url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/11487
identifier_str_mv	Peralta Zapata C. A. (2018). Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo. (Tesis de pregrado).Recuperado de: http://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/ucc/11487
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	A review of current timed-AI (TAI) programs for beef and dairy cattle - Marcos G. Colazo, Reuben J. Mapletoft – 2014. Actualización sobre protocolos de iatf en bovinos de leche utilizando dispositivos con progesterona, Bó, G. A.1 ; Cutaia, L. E.1 ; Souza, A. H.2 y Baruselli, E S.2 . 2009. Artificial insemination at 56 h after intravaginal progesterone device removal improved AI pregnancy rate in beef heifers synchronized with five-day Co-Synch controlled internal drug release (CIDR) protocol. Theriogenology 77, 1624–1631. BARUSELLI, P.S.; REIS, E.L.; MARQUES, M.O.; NASSER, L.F.; BÓ, G.A. The use of hormonal treatments to improve reproductive performance of anestrous beef cattle in tropical climates. Anim Reprod Sci. 82-83: 479-486. 2004. Baruselli PS, Sá Filho MF, Ferreira RM, Sales JNS, Gimenes LU, Vieira LM, Mendanha MF and Bó GA 2012. Manipulation of follicle development to ensure optimal oocyte quality and conception rates in cattle. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 47 (suppl. 4), 134–141. Bó, G.A., Baruselli, P.S., Martinez, M.E Pattern and manipulation of follicular development in Bos indicus cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 78, 307-326, 2003. Bó GA, Baruselli PS, Moreno D, Cutaia L, Caccia M, Tríbulo R, Tríbulo H and Mapletoft RJ 2002b. The control of follicular wave development for selfappointed embryo transfer programs in cattle. Theriogenology 57, 53–72. Bó, G.A., Cutaia, L., Tribulo, R. Tratamientos hormonales para inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo en bovinos para carne: algunas experiencias realizadas en Argentina. Segunda Parte. Taurus 15, 17-32, 2002c Bó GA, Cutaia L and Tribulo R 2002a. Hormonal treatments for fixed-time artificial Insemination: some experiments performed in Argentina. Second part (in Spanish). Taurus 15, 17–32. Bó GA, Cutaia L, Peres LC, Pincinato D, Maraña D and Baruselli PS 2007. Technologies for fixed-time artificial insemination and their influence on reproductive performance of Bos indicus cattle. In Reproduction in Domestic Ruminants VI (ed. JL Juengel, JF Murray and MF Smith), pp. 223–236. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK. Bridges GA, Helser LA, Grum DE, Mussard ML, Gasser CL and Day ML 2008. Decreasing the interval between GnRH and PGF2α from 7 to 5 days and lengthening proestrus increases timed-AI pregnancy rates in beef cows. Theriogenology 69, 843–851. Bridges GA, Mussard ML, Hesler LA and Day ML 2014. Comparison of follicular dynamics and hormone concentrations between the 7-day and 5-day CO-Synch + CIDR program in primiparous beef cows. Theriogenology 81, 632–638. Burke, J.M., de la Sota, R.L., Risco, C.A., Staples, C.R., Schmitt, E.J.E., Thatcher, W.W. Evaluation of timed insemination using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in lactating dairy cows. J Dairv Sci 8. 13851394, 1996. Butler SAA, Atkinson PC, Boe-Hansen GB, Burns BM, Dawson K, Bo GA and McGowan MR 2011. Pregnancy rates after fixed-time artificial insemination of Brahman heifers treated to synchronize ovulation with low-dose intravaginal progesterone releasing devices, with or without eCG. Theriogenology 76, 1416–1423. Cavalieri, J., Hepworth, G., Fitzpatrick, L.A., Shepard, R.W., Macmillan, K.L. Manipulation and control of the estrous cycle in pasture-based dairy cows. Theriogenology 65, 45-64, 2006. Colazo MG and Ambrose DJ 2011. Neither duration of progesterone insert nor initial GnRH treatment affected pregnancy per timed-insemination in dairy heifers subjected to a Co-Synch protocol. Theriogenology 76, 578–588. De la Mata JJ and Bó GA 2012. Estrus synchronization and ovulation using protocols with estradiol benzoate and GnRH and reduced periods of insertion of a progesterone releasing device in beef heifers. Taurus 55, 17–23. De la Sota, R.L., Risco, C., Moreira, E, Thatcher, W.W. Efficacy of a timed insemination program in lactating dairy cows during summer heat strees. Theriogenology 49, 761-770, 1998. FEDERACIÓN COLOMBIANA DE GANADEROS. Carta Fedegan. 84: 36-51. 2004. Geary, T.W., Whittier, J.C., Hallford, D.M., MacNeil, M.D. Calf removal improves conception rates to the Ovsynch and Co-synch protocols. J Anim Sci 79, 1-4, 2001. Gumen, A.J., Guenther, M., Wiltbank, M.C. Follicular size and response to Ovsynch versus detection of estrus in anovular and ovular lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 86, 3184-3194, 2003. Huguenine E, Peracchia S, Benitez R, Martini H, Cledou G, Bó GA and Callejas S 2013. Effect of the utilization of 5-day CO-Synch protocols combined or not with eCG in suckled cows in postpartum anoestrus. In Proceedings X Symposium on Animal Reproduction (ed. GA Bó and M Caccia), 313pp. Institute of Animal Reproduction Cordoba (IRAC), Córdoba, Argentina. Kasimanickam R, Asay M, Firth P, Whittier WD and Hall JB 2012. Kasimanickam R, Day ML, Rudolph JS, Hall JB and Whitier WD 2009. Two doses of prostaglandin improve pregnancy rates to timed-AI in a 5-day progesterone based synchronization protocol in beef cows. Theriogenology 71, 762–767. Kastelic, J.P., Ginther, O.J. Factors affecting the origin of the ovulatory follicle in heifers with induced luteolysis. Anim Reprod Sci 26, 13-24, 1991. Lima FS, Ayres H, Favoreto MG, Bisinotto RS, Greco LF, Ribeiro ES, Baruselli PS, Risco CA, Thatcher WW and Santos JEP 2011. Effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone at initiation of the 5-d timed artificial insemination (AI) program and timing of induction of ovulation relative to AI on ovarian dynamics and fertility of dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science 94, 4997–5004. Lima FS, Ribeiro ES, Bisinotto RS, Greco LF, Martinez N, Amstalden M, Thatcher WW and Santos JEP 2013. Hormonal manipulations in the 5-day timed artificial insemination protocol to optimize estrous cycle synchrony and fertility in dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science 96, 1–12. Macmillan, K.L., Burke, C.R. Effects of oestrus cycle control on reproductive efficiency. Anim Reprod Sci 42, 307-320, 1996. Macmillan, K.L., Henderson, H.V. Analyses of the variation in the interval from an injection of prostaglandin Fea to estrus as a method of studying patterns of follicle development during diestrous in dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci 6, 245- 254, 1984. Macmillan, K.L., Peterson, A.J. A new intravaginal progesterone releasing device for cattle (CIDR-B) for estrus synchronization, increasing pregnancy rates and the treatment of post-partum anestrus. Anim Reprod Sci 33, 125, 1993. Martinez, M.E, Kastelic JE Adams GP, Mapletoft RJ. The use of a progesterone-releasing device (CIDR) or melengestrol acetate with GnRH, LH or estradiol benzoate for fixed-time AI in beef heifers. J Anim Sci 80, 1746-1751, 2002. Menchaca A, Núñez R, Wijma R, García Pintos C, Fabini F and de Castro T 2013. How fertility can be improved in fixed-time AI programs in beef cattle. In Proceedings X Symposium on Animal Reproduction (ed. GA Bó and M Caccia), pp. 103–134. Institute of Animal Reproduction Cordoba (IRAC), Córdoba, Argentina. Momont, H.W, Seguin, B.E. Influence of the day of estrous cycle on response to PGF2? products: Implications for AI programs for dairy cattle. 10th International Congress on Animal Reproduction 3, 336, 1984. Perry GA, Smith MF, Roberts AJ, Macneil MD and Geary TW 2007. Relationship between size of the ovulatory follicle and pregnancy success in beef heifers. Journal of Animal Science 85, 684–689. Peterson C, Alkar A, Smith S, Kerr S, Hall JB, Moore D and Kasimanickam R 2011. Effects of one versus two doses of prostaglandin F2alpha on AI pregnancy rates in a 5-day progesterone-based, CO-Synch protocol in crossbred beef heifers. Theriogenology 75, 1536–1542. PINHEIRO, O.L.; BARROS, C.M.; FIGUEREDO, R.A.; VALLE, E.R.; ENCARNAÇÃO, R.O.; PADOVANI, C.R. Estrous behavior and the estrus-to-ovulation interval in Nelore cattle (Bos indicus) with natural estrus or estrus induced with prostaglandin F2a or norgestomet and estradiol valerate. Theriogenol. 49: 667-681. 1998. Pursley, J.R., Fricke, PM., Garverick, H.A, Kesler, D.J., Ottobre, J.S., Stevenson, J.S., Wiltbank, M.C. NC-113 Regional Research Project. Improved fertility in noncycling lactating dairy cows treated with exogenous progesterone during Ovsynch. Midwest Branch ADSA 2001 Meeting, Des Moines, IA; 63, 2001. Pursley, J.R., Mee, M.O., Wiltbank, M.C. Synchronization of ovulation in dairy cows using PGF2a. and GnRH. Theriogenology 44, 915-923, 1995. Pursley, J.R., Witbank, M.C, Stevenson, J.S., Ottobre, J.S., Garverich, H.A., Anderson, L.L. Pregnancy rates per artificial insemination for cows and heifers inseminated at a synchronized ovulation or synchronized estrus. J Dairy Sci 80, 295- 300, 1997. Rabaglino MB, Risco C, Thatcher MJ, Kim IH, Santos JE and Thatcher WW 2010. Application of one injection of prostaglandin F2alpha in the five-day Co-Synch+CIDR protocol for estrous synchronization and resynchronization of dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science 93, 1050–1058. RUIZ, Z.; OLIVERA, M. Ovarian follicular dynamics in suckled zebu (Bos indicus) cows monitored by real time ultrasonography. Anim Reprod Sci. 54: 211-220. 1999. Sá Filho MF, Crespilho AM, Santos JE, Perry GA and Baruselli PS 2010c. Ovarian follicle diameter at timed insemination and estrous response influence likelihood of ovulation and pregnancy after estrous synchronization with progesterone or progestin-based protocols in suckled Bos indicus cows. Animal Reproduction Science 120, 23–30. Sá Filho MF, Torres-Junior JRS, Penteado L, Gimenes LU, Ferreira RM,Ayres H, Castro e Paula LA, Sales JNS and Baruselli PS 2010b. Equine chorionic gonadotropin improves the efficacy of a progestin based fixed-time artificial insemination protocol in Nelore (Bos indicus) heifers. Animal Reproduction Science 118, 182–187. Sales JNS, Crepaldi GA, Girotto RW, Souza AH and Baruselli PS 2011. Fixed-time AI protocols replacing eCG with a single dose of FSH were less effective in stimulating follicular growth, ovulation and fertility in suckled-anestrus Nelore beef cows. Animal Reproduction Science 124, 12–18. Stevenson, J.S., Kobayashi, Y., Thompson, K.E. Reproductive performance of dairy cows in various programmed breeding systems including Ovsynch and combinations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and prostaglandin J Dairy Sci 82, 506-515, 1999. Stevenson, J.S., Pursley, J.R., Garverick, H.A., Fricke, PM., Kesler, D.J., Ottobre, J.S., Wiltbank, M.C. Treatment of cycling and noncycling lactating dairy cows with progesterone during Ovsynch. J Dairy Sci 89, 25672578, 2006. Synchronization of ovulation and fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle - G. A. Bó1,2† and P. S. Baruselli3 – 2014. Thatcher, W.W., Bilby, T.R., Bartolome, J.A., Silvestre, F., Staples, C.R., Santos, J.E.P. Strategies for improving fertility in the modern dairy cow. Theriogenology 65, 30-44, 2006. Thatcher, W.W., Moreira, FI, Santos, J.E.P., Mattos, R.C., Lopez, EL., Pancarci, S.M., Risco, C.A. Effects of hormonal treatments on reproductive performance and embryo production. Theriogenology 55, 75-90, 2001. Whittier WD, Currin JF, Schramm H, Holland S and Kasimanickam RK 2013. Fertility in Angus cross beef cows following 5-day CO-Synch+CIDR or 7-day CO-Synch+CIDR estrus synchronization and timed artificial insemination. Theriogenology 80, 963–969.
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dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Ibagué
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spelling	Bonilla León, LilianPeralta Zapata, Camilo Andrés2019-06-20T17:38:43Z2019-06-20T17:38:43Z2019-06-20https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/11487Peralta Zapata C. A. (2018). Actualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo. (Tesis de pregrado).Recuperado de: http://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/ucc/11487La eficiencia reproductiva es uno de los aspectos esenciales en la rentabilidad de las explotaciones. Sin embargo, el progresivo decaimiento de la fertilidad de las vacas en lactancia y el tiempo y esfuerzo que se requieren para realizar la detección de celos han afectado los parámetros reproductivos en las producciones; por eso se han implementado Los protocolos de inseminación artificial para mejorar el progreso genético. Esta herramienta es de mucha utilidad ya que nos permite controlar el desarrollo folicular y la ovulación en nuestros animales, mediante la implementación de hormonas como son la liberadora de gonadotropina (GnRH), valerato de estradiol (VE), prostaglandina F 2 alfa (PGF2α), progesterona (P4), gonadotropina coriónica equina (eCG), benzoato de estradiol (BE) y poder llegar al objetivo que es la inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo (IATF). La presente revisión pretende recopilar los aspectos generales que evalúan la efectividad de los diferentes protocolos de inseminación artificial que se podrían utilizar en nuestra ganadería.Reproductive efficiency is one of the essential aspects in the profitability of farms. However, the progressive decline in the fertility of lactating cows and the time and effort required to perform the detection of jealousy have affected the reproductive parameters in the productions; That is why artificial insemination protocols have been implemented to improve genetic progress. This tool is very useful since it allows us to control the follicular development and ovulation in our animals, through the implementation of hormones such as gonadotropin releasing agent (GnRH), estradiol valerate (VE), prostaglandin F 2 alpha (PGF2α) , Progesterone (P4), equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), estradiol benzoate (BE), and reach the goal of fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI). The present review aims to compile the general aspects that evaluate the effectiveness of the different protocols of artificial insemination that could be used in our livestock.camilo.peraltaz@campusucc.edu.co14 p. Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, IbaguéMedicina veterinaria y zootecniaIbaguéAnimalesIATFDetección de celosProtocolosHormonasTG 2019 MVZ 11487AnimalsFTAIDetection of jealousyProtocolsHormonesActualización en protocolos de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijoTrabajo de grado - Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAtribución – No comercial – Compartir igualinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2A review of current timed-AI (TAI) programs for beef and dairy cattle - Marcos G. Colazo, Reuben J. Mapletoft – 2014.Actualización sobre protocolos de iatf en bovinos de leche utilizando dispositivos con progesterona, Bó, G. A.1 ; Cutaia, L. E.1 ; Souza, A. H.2 y Baruselli, E S.2 . 2009.Artificial insemination at 56 h after intravaginal progesterone device removal improved AI pregnancy rate in beef heifers synchronized with five-day Co-Synch controlled internal drug release (CIDR) protocol. Theriogenology 77, 1624–1631.BARUSELLI, P.S.; REIS, E.L.; MARQUES, M.O.; NASSER, L.F.; BÓ, G.A. The use of hormonal treatments to improve reproductive performance of anestrous beef cattle in tropical climates. Anim Reprod Sci. 82-83: 479-486. 2004.Baruselli PS, Sá Filho MF, Ferreira RM, Sales JNS, Gimenes LU, Vieira LM, Mendanha MF and Bó GA 2012. Manipulation of follicle development to ensure optimal oocyte quality and conception rates in cattle. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 47 (suppl. 4), 134–141.Bó, G.A., Baruselli, P.S., Martinez, M.E Pattern and manipulation of follicular development in Bos indicus cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 78, 307-326, 2003.Bó GA, Baruselli PS, Moreno D, Cutaia L, Caccia M, Tríbulo R, Tríbulo H and Mapletoft RJ 2002b. The control of follicular wave development for selfappointed embryo transfer programs in cattle. Theriogenology 57, 53–72.Bó, G.A., Cutaia, L., Tribulo, R. Tratamientos hormonales para inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo en bovinos para carne: algunas experiencias realizadas en Argentina. Segunda Parte. Taurus 15, 17-32, 2002cBó GA, Cutaia L and Tribulo R 2002a. Hormonal treatments for fixed-time artificial Insemination: some experiments performed in Argentina. Second part (in Spanish). Taurus 15, 17–32.Bó GA, Cutaia L, Peres LC, Pincinato D, Maraña D and Baruselli PS 2007. Technologies for fixed-time artificial insemination and their influence on reproductive performance of Bos indicus cattle. In Reproduction in Domestic Ruminants VI (ed. JL Juengel, JF Murray and MF Smith), pp. 223–236. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.Bridges GA, Helser LA, Grum DE, Mussard ML, Gasser CL and Day ML 2008. Decreasing the interval between GnRH and PGF2α from 7 to 5 days and lengthening proestrus increases timed-AI pregnancy rates in beef cows. Theriogenology 69, 843–851.Bridges GA, Mussard ML, Hesler LA and Day ML 2014. Comparison of follicular dynamics and hormone concentrations between the 7-day and 5-day CO-Synch + CIDR program in primiparous beef cows. Theriogenology 81, 632–638.Burke, J.M., de la Sota, R.L., Risco, C.A., Staples, C.R., Schmitt, E.J.E., Thatcher, W.W. Evaluation of timed insemination using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in lactating dairy cows. J Dairv Sci 8. 13851394, 1996.Butler SAA, Atkinson PC, Boe-Hansen GB, Burns BM, Dawson K, Bo GA and McGowan MR 2011. Pregnancy rates after fixed-time artificial insemination of Brahman heifers treated to synchronize ovulation with low-dose intravaginal progesterone releasing devices, with or without eCG. Theriogenology 76, 1416–1423.Cavalieri, J., Hepworth, G., Fitzpatrick, L.A., Shepard, R.W., Macmillan, K.L. Manipulation and control of the estrous cycle in pasture-based dairy cows. Theriogenology 65, 45-64, 2006.Colazo MG and Ambrose DJ 2011. Neither duration of progesterone insert nor initial GnRH treatment affected pregnancy per timed-insemination in dairy heifers subjected to a Co-Synch protocol. Theriogenology 76, 578–588.De la Mata JJ and Bó GA 2012. Estrus synchronization and ovulation using protocols with estradiol benzoate and GnRH and reduced periods of insertion of a progesterone releasing device in beef heifers. Taurus 55, 17–23.De la Sota, R.L., Risco, C., Moreira, E, Thatcher, W.W. Efficacy of a timed insemination program in lactating dairy cows during summer heat strees. Theriogenology 49, 761-770, 1998.FEDERACIÓN COLOMBIANA DE GANADEROS. Carta Fedegan. 84: 36-51. 2004.Geary, T.W., Whittier, J.C., Hallford, D.M., MacNeil, M.D. Calf removal improves conception rates to the Ovsynch and Co-synch protocols. J Anim Sci 79, 1-4, 2001.Gumen, A.J., Guenther, M., Wiltbank, M.C. Follicular size and response to Ovsynch versus detection of estrus in anovular and ovular lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 86, 3184-3194, 2003.Huguenine E, Peracchia S, Benitez R, Martini H, Cledou G, Bó GA and Callejas S 2013. Effect of the utilization of 5-day CO-Synch protocols combined or not with eCG in suckled cows in postpartum anoestrus. In Proceedings X Symposium on Animal Reproduction (ed. GA Bó and M Caccia), 313pp. Institute of Animal Reproduction Cordoba (IRAC), Córdoba, Argentina.Kasimanickam R, Asay M, Firth P, Whittier WD and Hall JB 2012.Kasimanickam R, Day ML, Rudolph JS, Hall JB and Whitier WD 2009. Two doses of prostaglandin improve pregnancy rates to timed-AI in a 5-day progesterone based synchronization protocol in beef cows. Theriogenology 71, 762–767.Kastelic, J.P., Ginther, O.J. Factors affecting the origin of the ovulatory follicle in heifers with induced luteolysis. Anim Reprod Sci 26, 13-24, 1991.Lima FS, Ayres H, Favoreto MG, Bisinotto RS, Greco LF, Ribeiro ES, Baruselli PS, Risco CA, Thatcher WW and Santos JEP 2011. Effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone at initiation of the 5-d timed artificial insemination (AI) program and timing of induction of ovulation relative to AI on ovarian dynamics and fertility of dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science 94, 4997–5004.Lima FS, Ribeiro ES, Bisinotto RS, Greco LF, Martinez N, Amstalden M, Thatcher WW and Santos JEP 2013. Hormonal manipulations in the 5-day timed artificial insemination protocol to optimize estrous cycle synchrony and fertility in dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science 96, 1–12.Macmillan, K.L., Burke, C.R. Effects of oestrus cycle control on reproductive efficiency. Anim Reprod Sci 42, 307-320, 1996.Macmillan, K.L., Henderson, H.V. Analyses of the variation in the interval from an injection of prostaglandin Fea to estrus as a method of studying patterns of follicle development during diestrous in dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci 6, 245- 254, 1984.Macmillan, K.L., Peterson, A.J. A new intravaginal progesterone releasing device for cattle (CIDR-B) for estrus synchronization, increasing pregnancy rates and the treatment of post-partum anestrus. Anim Reprod Sci 33, 125, 1993.Martinez, M.E, Kastelic JE Adams GP, Mapletoft RJ. The use of a progesterone-releasing device (CIDR) or melengestrol acetate with GnRH, LH or estradiol benzoate for fixed-time AI in beef heifers. J Anim Sci 80, 1746-1751, 2002.Menchaca A, Núñez R, Wijma R, García Pintos C, Fabini F and de Castro T 2013. How fertility can be improved in fixed-time AI programs in beef cattle. In Proceedings X Symposium on Animal Reproduction (ed. GA Bó and M Caccia), pp. 103–134. Institute of Animal Reproduction Cordoba (IRAC), Córdoba, Argentina.Momont, H.W, Seguin, B.E. Influence of the day of estrous cycle on response to PGF2? products: Implications for AI programs for dairy cattle. 10th International Congress on Animal Reproduction 3, 336, 1984.Perry GA, Smith MF, Roberts AJ, Macneil MD and Geary TW 2007. Relationship between size of the ovulatory follicle and pregnancy success in beef heifers. Journal of Animal Science 85, 684–689.Peterson C, Alkar A, Smith S, Kerr S, Hall JB, Moore D and Kasimanickam R 2011. Effects of one versus two doses of prostaglandin F2alpha on AI pregnancy rates in a 5-day progesterone-based, CO-Synch protocol in crossbred beef heifers. Theriogenology 75, 1536–1542.PINHEIRO, O.L.; BARROS, C.M.; FIGUEREDO, R.A.; VALLE, E.R.; ENCARNAÇÃO, R.O.; PADOVANI, C.R. Estrous behavior and the estrus-to-ovulation interval in Nelore cattle (Bos indicus) with natural estrus or estrus induced with prostaglandin F2a or norgestomet and estradiol valerate. Theriogenol. 49: 667-681. 1998.Pursley, J.R., Fricke, PM., Garverick, H.A, Kesler, D.J., Ottobre, J.S., Stevenson, J.S., Wiltbank, M.C. NC-113 Regional Research Project. Improved fertility in noncycling lactating dairy cows treated with exogenous progesterone during Ovsynch. Midwest Branch ADSA 2001 Meeting, Des Moines, IA; 63, 2001.Pursley, J.R., Mee, M.O., Wiltbank, M.C. Synchronization of ovulation in dairy cows using PGF2a. and GnRH. Theriogenology 44, 915-923, 1995.Pursley, J.R., Witbank, M.C, Stevenson, J.S., Ottobre, J.S., Garverich, H.A., Anderson, L.L. Pregnancy rates per artificial insemination for cows and heifers inseminated at a synchronized ovulation or synchronized estrus. J Dairy Sci 80, 295- 300, 1997.Rabaglino MB, Risco C, Thatcher MJ, Kim IH, Santos JE and Thatcher WW 2010. Application of one injection of prostaglandin F2alpha in the five-day Co-Synch+CIDR protocol for estrous synchronization and resynchronization of dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science 93, 1050–1058.RUIZ, Z.; OLIVERA, M. Ovarian follicular dynamics in suckled zebu (Bos indicus) cows monitored by real time ultrasonography. Anim Reprod Sci. 54: 211-220. 1999.Sá Filho MF, Crespilho AM, Santos JE, Perry GA and Baruselli PS 2010c. Ovarian follicle diameter at timed insemination and estrous response influence likelihood of ovulation and pregnancy after estrous synchronization with progesterone or progestin-based protocols in suckled Bos indicus cows. Animal Reproduction Science 120, 23–30.Sá Filho MF, Torres-Junior JRS, Penteado L, Gimenes LU, Ferreira RM,Ayres H, Castro e Paula LA, Sales JNS and Baruselli PS 2010b. Equine chorionic gonadotropin improves the efficacy of a progestin based fixed-time artificial insemination protocol in Nelore (Bos indicus) heifers. Animal Reproduction Science 118, 182–187.Sales JNS, Crepaldi GA, Girotto RW, Souza AH and Baruselli PS 2011. Fixed-time AI protocols replacing eCG with a single dose of FSH were less effective in stimulating follicular growth, ovulation and fertility in suckled-anestrus Nelore beef cows. Animal Reproduction Science 124, 12–18.Stevenson, J.S., Kobayashi, Y., Thompson, K.E. Reproductive performance of dairy cows in various programmed breeding systems including Ovsynch and combinations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and prostaglandin J Dairy Sci 82, 506-515, 1999.Stevenson, J.S., Pursley, J.R., Garverick, H.A., Fricke, PM., Kesler, D.J., Ottobre, J.S., Wiltbank, M.C. Treatment of cycling and noncycling lactating dairy cows with progesterone during Ovsynch. J Dairy Sci 89, 25672578, 2006.Synchronization of ovulation and fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle - G. A. Bó1,2† and P. S. Baruselli3 – 2014.Thatcher, W.W., Bilby, T.R., Bartolome, J.A., Silvestre, F., Staples, C.R., Santos, J.E.P. Strategies for improving fertility in the modern dairy cow. Theriogenology 65, 30-44, 2006.Thatcher, W.W., Moreira, FI, Santos, J.E.P., Mattos, R.C., Lopez, EL., Pancarci, S.M., Risco, C.A. Effects of hormonal treatments on reproductive performance and embryo production. Theriogenology 55, 75-90, 2001.Whittier WD, Currin JF, Schramm H, Holland S and Kasimanickam RK 2013. Fertility in Angus cross beef cows following 5-day CO-Synch+CIDR or 7-day CO-Synch+CIDR estrus synchronization and timed artificial insemination. 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