Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis

La brucelosis es una enfermedad bacteriana causada por miembros del género Brucella, es una infección zoonótica, que afecta a diferentes especies como bovinos, bufalinos, porcinos, ovinos, caprinos, equinos, además, es una causa significativa de pérdidas reproductivas, su transmisión es por la inges...

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Autores:: Eraso Ibarra, Lina Maria
Mora Rocha, Margie Lorena

Tipo de recurso:: Trabajo de grado de pregrado

Fecha de publicación:: 2023

Institución:: Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia

Repositorio:: Repositorio UCC

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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis
title	Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis
spellingShingle	Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis Aborto Enfermedad bacteriana Fisiopatologia Orquitis Zoonosis TG 2023 MVZ 49234 Abortion Bacterial disease Orchitis Physiopathology Zoonosis
title_short	Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis
title_full	Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis
title_fullStr	Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis
title_full_unstemmed	Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis
title_sort	Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Eraso Ibarra, Lina Maria Mora Rocha, Margie Lorena
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Lilian Bonilla León
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Eraso Ibarra, Lina Maria Mora Rocha, Margie Lorena
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Aborto Enfermedad bacteriana Fisiopatologia Orquitis Zoonosis
topic	Aborto Enfermedad bacteriana Fisiopatologia Orquitis Zoonosis TG 2023 MVZ 49234 Abortion Bacterial disease Orchitis Physiopathology Zoonosis
dc.subject.classification.none.fl_str_mv	TG 2023 MVZ 49234
dc.subject.other.none.fl_str_mv	Abortion Bacterial disease Orchitis Physiopathology Zoonosis
description	La brucelosis es una enfermedad bacteriana causada por miembros del género Brucella, es una infección zoonótica, que afecta a diferentes especies como bovinos, bufalinos, porcinos, ovinos, caprinos, equinos, además, es una causa significativa de pérdidas reproductivas, su transmisión es por la ingestión de productos alimenticios infectados, inhalación de aerosoles, contacto directo, siendo este último el más común. Los signos clínicos a destacar en las hembras bovinas son el aborto, la placentitis, metritis, mortinatos, retención placentaria, endometritis y reducción de la producción de leche; en los machos los signos son baja fertilidad, epididimitis, y orquitis principalmente. En los seres humanos, la brucelosis es una enfermedad debilitante y crónica, con signos clínicos como dolor articular, sudoración excesiva, fatiga, dolores musculares, presentando signos más graves como artritis, inflamación e infección de testículos, bazo, hígado, meningitis y encefalitis. En Colombia el (ICA) Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, es la entidad reguladora que diseña estrategias para prevenir, controlar y reducir riesgos sanitarios, biológicos y químicos, para las especies animales y vegetales que puedan estar generando daños a nivel agropecuario en la nación, donde la bacteria Brucella, entra en las categorías de inspección, realizando planes de vacunación, estrategias de manejo biológico y medidas sanitarias para prevenir la distribución por medio de vigilancia epidemiológica, eliminando las fuentes de infección.
publishDate	2023
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2023-05-02T15:55:13Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2023-05-02T15:55:13Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2023-04-25
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
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dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/49234
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation.none.fl_str_mv	Eraso Ibarra, L. M. y Mora Rocha, M. L. (2023). Enfoque fisiopatológico de la Brucella abortus bovis. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. https://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/20.500.12494/49234
url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/49234
identifier_str_mv	Eraso Ibarra, L. M. y Mora Rocha, M. L. (2023). Enfoque fisiopatológico de la Brucella abortus bovis. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. https://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/20.500.12494/49234
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv	Pappas G, Papadimitriou P, Akritidis N, Christou L, Tsianos E v. The new global map of human brucellosis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006 Feb 1;6(2):91–9 Corbel MMJ. Brucellosis in humans and animals Brucellosis in humans and animals. WHO Library catalogue in publication Data. 2006;1–88 Karimi A, Solgi A, Pourmoghaddas Z, Kazemiaghdam M, Zojaji R. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a child with Brucellosis. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis. 2020;8(1):1–3. Delrue RM, Martinez-Lorenzo M, Lestrate P, Danese I, Bielarz V, Mertens P, et al. Identification of Brucella spp. genes involved in intracellular trafficking. Cell Microbiol. 2001;3(7):487–97 Bowman DD. Introduction to the Alpha-proteobacteria: Wolbachia and Bartonella, Rickettsia, Brucella, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma. Top Companion Anim Med. 2011;26(4):173–7 Celli J, Gorvel JP. Organelle robbery: Brucella interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2004;7(1):93–7 O’Cellaghan D, Cazevieille C, Allardet-Servent A, Boschiroli ML, Bourg G, Foulongne V, et al. A homologue of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB and Bordetella pertussis Ptl type IV secretion systems is essential for intracellular survival of Brucella suis. Mol Microbiol. 1999;33(6):1210–20 Foulongne V, Bourg G, Cazevieille C, Michaux-Charachon S, O’Callaghan D. Identification of Brucella suis genes affecting intracellular survival in an in vitro human macrophage infection model by signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis. Infect Immun. 2000;68(3):1297–303 Khurana SK, Sehrawat A, Tiwari R, Prasad M, Gulati B, Shabbir MZ, et al. Bovine brucellosis–a comprehensive review. Veterinary Quarterly. 2021;41(1):61–88 Padilla Poester F, Nielsen K, Ernesto Samartino L, Ling Yu W. Diagnosis of Brucellosis. Open Vet Sci J. 2014;4(1):46–60 Jiao H, Zhou Z, Li B, Xiao Y, Li M, Zeng H, et al. The mechanism of facultative intracellular parasitism of brucella. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(7) Russell W. Currier. Brucellosis History Summary. American Veterinary Medical History Society. 2013;1–2 Díaz Aparicio E. Epidemiology of brucellosis in domestic animals caused by Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis and Brucella abortus. OIE Revue Scientifique et Technique. 2013;32(1):43–60 Moreno E, Moriyón I. Brucella melitensis: A nasty bug with hidden credentials for virulence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(1):1–3 Moreno E. Retrospective and prospective perspectives on zoonotic brucellosis. Front Microbiol. 2014;5(MAY):1–18 Abd El-Wahab EW, Hegazy YM, El-Tras WF, Mikheal A, Kabapy AF, Abdelfatah M, et al. A multifaceted risk model of brucellosis at the human–animal interface in Egypt. Vol. 66, Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2019. 2383–2401 p Khurana SK, Sehrawat A, Tiwari R, Prasad M, Gulati B, Shabbir MZ, et al. Bovine brucellosis–a comprehensive review. Veterinary Quarterly. 2021;41(1):61–88 Zachary J. Pathologic basis of veterinary disease. Sixth edit. ELSEVIER. Illinois; 2010 FAO. Brucelosis bovina. 2008;(209):2 p Institute for International Cooperation in Animal biologics. Brucelosis bovina: Brucella abortus. The Center for Food Security & Public Health. 2009;1–6 Corbel MJ. Recent advances in brucellosis. J Med Microbiol. 1997;46(2):101–3 Cristina, Rodríguez Heredia O, Mena Fernández M, García González G. Intervención educativa para elevar nivel de conocimiento sobre brucelosis en trabajadores expuesto a riesgo: municipio Camagüey. Revista Archivo Médico de Camagüey. 2009;13(3):0–0 Szyfres PA y B. Zoonosis y enfermedades transmisibles comunes al hombre y a los animales: Clamidiosis, rickettsiosis y virosis. Publicación Científica y Técnica. 2013;(580):425 The center for food security & public health. Brucelosis. OIE. 2012;1–15 Ortiz-reynoso MD flores M y ÁH. Brucelosis, una zoonosis frecuente. 2015;3(2):2–6 Pappas G, Papadimitriou P, Akritidis N, Christou L, Tsianos E V. The new global map of human brucellosis. Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2006;6(2):91–9 Robinson A. Guidelines for coordinated human and animal brucellosis surveillance. Animal Production and Health Division, FAO Agricultures Department. 2003;67(2):3 Gerencia de HSE Ecopetrol S.A. Plan Nacional de Salud Ocupacional de Ecopetrol S.A. 2008. 1–9 p Lopez Guarnizo P. Estudio descriptivo de la presentación de brucelosis humana en Colombia desde 2000 hasta 2012. Rev Med Vet (Bogota). 2014;(28):67 Pachon E, Lizarazo F. Lineamientos para la atención clínica integral del paciente con brucelosis en Colombia. guia Minsalud. 2017 Stojek Nimfa, Solecki Leszek. Brucellosis in humans - etiology, diagnostics, clinical forms. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2011;20(2):233–8 Morrison L, Zembower TR. Antimicrobial Resistance. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2020;30(4):619–35 Solera J, Martínez-Alfaro E, Espinosa A. Recognition and optimum treatment of brucellosis. Drugs. 1997;53(2):245–56 Corbel. Brucellosis: an Overview. 1997 O’Callaghan D, Whatmore AM. Brucella genomics as we enter the multi-genomera. Brief Funct Genomics. 2011 Nov;10(6):334–41 Querol J, 2011 S, Engormix C. CUESTIONES CLÍNICAS, EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS Y DIAGNÓSTICAS DE LA BRUCELOSIS BOVINA, OVINA Y CAPRINA Xavier MN, Paixão TA, den Hartigh AB, Tsolis RM, Santos RL. Pathogenesis of Brucella spp. Vol. 4, The Open Veterinary Science Journal. 2010 Figueiredo P, Ficht TA, Rice-Ficht A, Rossetti CA, Adams LG. Pathogenesis and immunobiology of brucellosis: Review of Brucella-host interactions. Vol. 185, American Journal of Pathology. Elsevier Inc.; 2015. p. 1505–17 Gorvel JP, Moreno E. Brucella intracellular life: from invasion to intracellular replication. 2002 Kim S. The Interaction Between Brucella and the Host Cell in Phagocytosis. In: Updates on Brucellosis. InTech; 2015 Guzmán-Verri C, Chaves-Olarte E, von Eichel-Streiber C, López-Goñi I, Thelestam M, Arvidson S, et al. GTPases of the Rho subfamily are required for Brucella abortus internalization in nonprofessional phagocytes: Direct activation of Cdc42. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2001 Nov 30;276(48):44435–43 Waterman-Storer CM, Worthylake RA, Liu BP, Burridget K, Salmon ED. Microtubule growth activates Rac1 to promote lamellipodial protrusion in fibroblasts. Nat Cell Biol. 1999;1(1):45–50 Kusumawati A, Cazevieille C, Porte F, Bettache S, Liautard JP, Sri Widada J. Early events and implication of F-actin and annexin I associated structures in the phagocytic uptake of Brucella suis by the J-774A.1 murine cell line and human monocytes. Microb Pathog. 2000;28(6):343–52 N. Xavier M, A. Paixao T, B. den Hartigh A, M. Tsolis R, L. Santos R. Pathogenesis of Brucella spp. Open Vet Sci J. 2014 Jun 13;4(1):109–18 Gomez G, Adams LG, Rice-Ficht A, Ficht TA. Host-Brucella interactions and the Brucella genome as tools for subunit antigen discovery and immunization against brucellosis. Vol. 4, Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2013 Pizarro-Cerdá J, Moreno E, Gorvel JP. Invasion and intracellular trafficking of Brucella abortus in nonphagocytic cells. 2000 Arellano-Reynoso B, Lapaque N, Salcedo S, Briones G, Ciocchini AE, Ugalde R, et al. Cyclic β-1,2-glucan is a brucella virulence factor required for intracellular survival. Nat Immunol. 2005;6(6):618–25 Neta AVC, Mol JPS, Xavier MN, Paixão TA, Lage AP, Santos RL. Pathogenesis of bovine brucellosis. Vol. 184, Veterinary Journal. 2010. p. 146–55 Celli J. Surviving inside a macrophage: The many ways of Brucella. Vol. 157, Research in Microbiology. 2006. p. 93–8 Pizarro-Cerda´, J, Cerda´, C, Phane S, Resse MÉ, Parton RG, van der Goot G, et al. Brucella abortus Transits through the Autophagic Pathway and Replicates in the Endoplasmic Reticulum of Nonprofessional Phagocytes. Vol. 66, INFECTION AND IMMUNITY. 1998 Figueiredo P, Ficht TA, Rice-Ficht A, Rossetti CA, Adams LG. Pathogenesis and immunobiology of brucellosis: Review of Brucella-host interactions. Vol. 185, American Journal of Pathology. Elsevier Inc.; 2015. p. 1505–17 Smith LD, Ficht TA. Pathogenesis of Brucella Verónica Cabrera, Marcelo Cárdenas. REVALENCIA DE BRUCELOSIS BOVINA EN EL CANTÓN LIMÓN INDANZA PROVINCIA MORONA SANTIAGO. Universidad de Cuenca. 2012 Głowacka P, Zakowska D, Naylor K, Niemcewicz M, Bielawska-Drózd A. Brucella – Virulence factors, pathogenesis and treatment. Vol. 67, Polish Journal of Microbiology. Polish Society of Microbiologists; 2018. p. 151–61 Vemulapalli R. Complementation of Brucella abortus RB51 with a functional wboA gene results in O-antigen synthesis and enhanced vaccine efficacy but no change in rough phenotype and attenuation
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spelling	Lilian Bonilla LeónEraso Ibarra, Lina MariaMora Rocha, Margie Lorena2023-05-02T15:55:13Z2023-05-02T15:55:13Z2023-04-25https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/49234Eraso Ibarra, L. M. y Mora Rocha, M. L. (2023). Enfoque fisiopatológico de la Brucella abortus bovis. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. https://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/20.500.12494/49234La brucelosis es una enfermedad bacteriana causada por miembros del género Brucella, es una infección zoonótica, que afecta a diferentes especies como bovinos, bufalinos, porcinos, ovinos, caprinos, equinos, además, es una causa significativa de pérdidas reproductivas, su transmisión es por la ingestión de productos alimenticios infectados, inhalación de aerosoles, contacto directo, siendo este último el más común. Los signos clínicos a destacar en las hembras bovinas son el aborto, la placentitis, metritis, mortinatos, retención placentaria, endometritis y reducción de la producción de leche; en los machos los signos son baja fertilidad, epididimitis, y orquitis principalmente. En los seres humanos, la brucelosis es una enfermedad debilitante y crónica, con signos clínicos como dolor articular, sudoración excesiva, fatiga, dolores musculares, presentando signos más graves como artritis, inflamación e infección de testículos, bazo, hígado, meningitis y encefalitis. En Colombia el (ICA) Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, es la entidad reguladora que diseña estrategias para prevenir, controlar y reducir riesgos sanitarios, biológicos y químicos, para las especies animales y vegetales que puedan estar generando daños a nivel agropecuario en la nación, donde la bacteria Brucella, entra en las categorías de inspección, realizando planes de vacunación, estrategias de manejo biológico y medidas sanitarias para prevenir la distribución por medio de vigilancia epidemiológica, eliminando las fuentes de infección.Brucellosis is a bacterial disease caused by members of the genus Brucella, it is a zoonotic infection that affects different species such as cattle, buffaloes, swine, sheep, goats, horses, and is also a significant cause of reproductive losses, its transmission is by ingestion of infected food products, inhalation of aerosols, direct contact, the latter being the most common. The clinical signs to highlight in bovine females are abortion, placentitis, metritis, stillbirths, placental retention, endometritis and reduced milk production; in males the signs are low fertility, epididymitis, and orchitis mainly. In humans, brucellosis is a debilitating and chronic disease, with clinical signs such as joint pain, excessive sweating, fatigue, muscle pain, presenting more serious signs such as arthritis, inflammation and infection of the testicles, spleen, liver, meningitis and encephalitis. In Colombia, the (ICA) Colombian Agricultural Institute, is the regulatory entity that designs strategies to prevent, control and reduce sanitary, biological and chemical risks, for animal and plant species that may be generating damage at the agricultural level in the nation, where the Brucella bacteria, enters the inspection categories, carrying out vaccination plans, biological management strategies and sanitary measures to prevent distribution through epidemiological surveillance, eliminating sources of infectionlina.eraso@campusucc.edu.comargie.morar@campusucc.edu.co16 p.Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Ibague espinal, Medicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaMedicina veterinaria y zootecniaIbaguéAbortoEnfermedad bacterianaFisiopatologiaOrquitisZoonosisTG 2023 MVZ 49234AbortionBacterial diseaseOrchitisPhysiopathologyZoonosisEnfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovisTrabajo de grado - Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAtribución – No comercial – Compartir igualinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Pappas G, Papadimitriou P, Akritidis N, Christou L, Tsianos E v. The new global map of human brucellosis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006 Feb 1;6(2):91–9Corbel MMJ. Brucellosis in humans and animals Brucellosis in humans and animals. WHO Library catalogue in publication Data. 2006;1–88Karimi A, Solgi A, Pourmoghaddas Z, Kazemiaghdam M, Zojaji R. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a child with Brucellosis. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis. 2020;8(1):1–3.Delrue RM, Martinez-Lorenzo M, Lestrate P, Danese I, Bielarz V, Mertens P, et al. Identification of Brucella spp. genes involved in intracellular trafficking. Cell Microbiol. 2001;3(7):487–97Bowman DD. Introduction to the Alpha-proteobacteria: Wolbachia and Bartonella, Rickettsia, Brucella, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma. Top Companion Anim Med. 2011;26(4):173–7Celli J, Gorvel JP. Organelle robbery: Brucella interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2004;7(1):93–7O’Cellaghan D, Cazevieille C, Allardet-Servent A, Boschiroli ML, Bourg G, Foulongne V, et al. A homologue of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB and Bordetella pertussis Ptl type IV secretion systems is essential for intracellular survival of Brucella suis. Mol Microbiol. 1999;33(6):1210–20Foulongne V, Bourg G, Cazevieille C, Michaux-Charachon S, O’Callaghan D. Identification of Brucella suis genes affecting intracellular survival in an in vitro human macrophage infection model by signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis. Infect Immun. 2000;68(3):1297–303Khurana SK, Sehrawat A, Tiwari R, Prasad M, Gulati B, Shabbir MZ, et al. Bovine brucellosis–a comprehensive review. Veterinary Quarterly. 2021;41(1):61–88Padilla Poester F, Nielsen K, Ernesto Samartino L, Ling Yu W. Diagnosis of Brucellosis. Open Vet Sci J. 2014;4(1):46–60Jiao H, Zhou Z, Li B, Xiao Y, Li M, Zeng H, et al. The mechanism of facultative intracellular parasitism of brucella. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(7)Russell W. Currier. Brucellosis History Summary. American Veterinary Medical History Society. 2013;1–2Díaz Aparicio E. Epidemiology of brucellosis in domestic animals caused by Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis and Brucella abortus. OIE Revue Scientifique et Technique. 2013;32(1):43–60Moreno E, Moriyón I. Brucella melitensis: A nasty bug with hidden credentials for virulence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(1):1–3Moreno E. Retrospective and prospective perspectives on zoonotic brucellosis. Front Microbiol. 2014;5(MAY):1–18Abd El-Wahab EW, Hegazy YM, El-Tras WF, Mikheal A, Kabapy AF, Abdelfatah M, et al. A multifaceted risk model of brucellosis at the human–animal interface in Egypt. Vol. 66, Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2019. 2383–2401 pKhurana SK, Sehrawat A, Tiwari R, Prasad M, Gulati B, Shabbir MZ, et al. Bovine brucellosis–a comprehensive review. Veterinary Quarterly. 2021;41(1):61–88Zachary J. Pathologic basis of veterinary disease. Sixth edit. ELSEVIER. Illinois; 2010FAO. Brucelosis bovina. 2008;(209):2 pInstitute for International Cooperation in Animal biologics. Brucelosis bovina: Brucella abortus. The Center for Food Security & Public Health. 2009;1–6Corbel MJ. Recent advances in brucellosis. J Med Microbiol. 1997;46(2):101–3Cristina, Rodríguez Heredia O, Mena Fernández M, García González G. Intervención educativa para elevar nivel de conocimiento sobre brucelosis en trabajadores expuesto a riesgo: municipio Camagüey. Revista Archivo Médico de Camagüey. 2009;13(3):0–0Szyfres PA y B. Zoonosis y enfermedades transmisibles comunes al hombre y a los animales: Clamidiosis, rickettsiosis y virosis. Publicación Científica y Técnica. 2013;(580):425The center for food security & public health. Brucelosis. OIE. 2012;1–15Ortiz-reynoso MD flores M y ÁH. Brucelosis, una zoonosis frecuente. 2015;3(2):2–6Pappas G, Papadimitriou P, Akritidis N, Christou L, Tsianos E V. The new global map of human brucellosis. Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2006;6(2):91–9Robinson A. Guidelines for coordinated human and animal brucellosis surveillance. Animal Production and Health Division, FAO Agricultures Department. 2003;67(2):3Gerencia de HSE Ecopetrol S.A. Plan Nacional de Salud Ocupacional de Ecopetrol S.A. 2008. 1–9 pLopez Guarnizo P. Estudio descriptivo de la presentación de brucelosis humana en Colombia desde 2000 hasta 2012. Rev Med Vet (Bogota). 2014;(28):67Pachon E, Lizarazo F. Lineamientos para la atención clínica integral del paciente con brucelosis en Colombia. guia Minsalud. 2017Stojek Nimfa, Solecki Leszek. Brucellosis in humans - etiology, diagnostics, clinical forms. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2011;20(2):233–8Morrison L, Zembower TR. Antimicrobial Resistance. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2020;30(4):619–35Solera J, Martínez-Alfaro E, Espinosa A. Recognition and optimum treatment of brucellosis. Drugs. 1997;53(2):245–56Corbel. Brucellosis: an Overview. 1997O’Callaghan D, Whatmore AM. Brucella genomics as we enter the multi-genomera. 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Invasion and intracellular trafficking of Brucella abortus in nonphagocytic cells. 2000Arellano-Reynoso B, Lapaque N, Salcedo S, Briones G, Ciocchini AE, Ugalde R, et al. Cyclic β-1,2-glucan is a brucella virulence factor required for intracellular survival. Nat Immunol. 2005;6(6):618–25Neta AVC, Mol JPS, Xavier MN, Paixão TA, Lage AP, Santos RL. Pathogenesis of bovine brucellosis. Vol. 184, Veterinary Journal. 2010. p. 146–55Celli J. Surviving inside a macrophage: The many ways of Brucella. Vol. 157, Research in Microbiology. 2006. p. 93–8Pizarro-Cerda´, J, Cerda´, C, Phane S, Resse MÉ, Parton RG, van der Goot G, et al. Brucella abortus Transits through the Autophagic Pathway and Replicates in the Endoplasmic Reticulum of Nonprofessional Phagocytes. Vol. 66, INFECTION AND IMMUNITY. 1998Figueiredo P, Ficht TA, Rice-Ficht A, Rossetti CA, Adams LG. Pathogenesis and immunobiology of brucellosis: Review of Brucella-host interactions. Vol. 185, American Journal of Pathology. Elsevier Inc.; 2015. p. 1505–17Smith LD, Ficht TA. Pathogenesis of BrucellaVerónica Cabrera, Marcelo Cárdenas. REVALENCIA DE BRUCELOSIS BOVINA EN EL CANTÓN LIMÓN INDANZA PROVINCIA MORONA SANTIAGO. Universidad de Cuenca. 2012Głowacka P, Zakowska D, Naylor K, Niemcewicz M, Bielawska-Drózd A. Brucella – Virulence factors, pathogenesis and treatment. Vol. 67, Polish Journal of Microbiology. Polish Society of Microbiologists; 2018. p. 151–61Vemulapalli R. 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Enfoque fisiopatológico de la brucella abortus bovis

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