Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment

The biogas and by-products production from anaerobic digestion of pig manure was evaluated technically, economically, and environmentally in an industrial park in Bogotá, Colombia, in order to generate economic opportunities and to reduce environmental impacts. Mass and energy balances were performe...

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Autores:: Acevedo, Paola
Amado, Monica
Carrasco, Jessica
Ochoa, Laura
Rangel, Carol
Becerra, Ana Paola
Cabeza, Ivan
Acevedo, Paola

Tipo de recurso:: Article of journal

Fecha de publicación:: 2021

Institución:: Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia

Repositorio:: Repositorio UCC

Idioma:

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repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment
title	Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment
spellingShingle	Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment Digestión, simulación de procesos, Análisis de ciclo de vida Digestion, Process simulation, Life cycle assessment
title_short	Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment
title_full	Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment
title_fullStr	Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment
title_full_unstemmed	Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment
title_sort	Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Acevedo, Paola Amado, Monica Carrasco, Jessica Ochoa, Laura Rangel, Carol Becerra, Ana Paola Cabeza, Ivan Acevedo, Paola
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Acevedo, Paola
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Acevedo, Paola Amado, Monica Carrasco, Jessica Ochoa, Laura Rangel, Carol Becerra, Ana Paola Cabeza, Ivan Acevedo, Paola
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv	Digestión, simulación de procesos, Análisis de ciclo de vida
topic	Digestión, simulación de procesos, Análisis de ciclo de vida Digestion, Process simulation, Life cycle assessment
dc.subject.other.spa.fl_str_mv	Digestion, Process simulation, Life cycle assessment
description	The biogas and by-products production from anaerobic digestion of pig manure was evaluated technically, economically, and environmentally in an industrial park in Bogotá, Colombia, in order to generate economic opportunities and to reduce environmental impacts. Mass and energy balances were performed using data from literature and developing a simulation of the AD process in Aspen Plus software based on stoichiometric balances. The environmental evaluation of this process was developed using LCA methodology. Also, the economic viability of the process was evaluated by calculating the internal rate of return and the net present value considering 10 years of life of the plant and equipment. The results of the environmental evaluation show that the stages of transport, and consumption of electrical and thermal energy contribute to the categories of acidification, abiotic, and ozone layer depletion, for both scenarios of interest according to the allocation of the final product. Furthermore, it is established that the project is viable as it has an internal rate of return of 26% and a payback time of 5 years, according to the results of the economic evaluation.
publishDate	2021
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2021
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2022-10-28T23:37:52Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2022-10-28T23:37:52Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Artículo
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dc.identifier.isbn.spa.fl_str_mv	978-88-95608-85-3
dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv	2283-9216
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv	10.3303/CET2187074
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/46916
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv	Amado M., Carrasco J., Ochoa L.D., Rangel C.J., Becerra A.P., Cabeza I.O., Acevedo P.A., 2021, Technical and Environmental Analysis of Large-scale Pig Manure Digestion Through Process Simulation and Life Cycle Assessment, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 87, 439-444 DOI:10.3303/CET2187074
identifier_str_mv	978-88-95608-85-3 2283-9216 10.3303/CET2187074 Amado M., Carrasco J., Ochoa L.D., Rangel C.J., Becerra A.P., Cabeza I.O., Acevedo P.A., 2021, Technical and Environmental Analysis of Large-scale Pig Manure Digestion Through Process Simulation and Life Cycle Assessment, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 87, 439-444 DOI:10.3303/CET2187074
url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/46916
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dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	Amado, M., Barca, C., Hernández, M.A., Ferrasse, J.-H., 2021. Evaluation of energy recovery potential by anaerobic digestion and dark fermentation of residual biomass in Colombia. Front. Energy Res. 9. Antón, M.A., 2004. Utilización del Análisis del ciclo de vida en la evaluación del impacto ambiental del cultivo bajo invernadero mediterráneo. TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Cataluña. Blanco, G., Santalla, E., Córdoba, V., Levy, A., 2017. Generación de electricidad a partir de biogás capturado de residuos sólidos urbanos: Un análisis teórico-práctico \| Publications (Nota Técnica No. IDB-TN-1260). Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo. De Vries, J.W., Vinken, T.M.W.J., Hamelin, L., De Boer, I.J.M., 2012. Comparing environmental consequences of anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of pig manure to produce bio-energy – A life cycle perspective. Bioresource Technology 125, 239–248. EPM, 2019. Tarifas, solicitud del servicio, usos inteligente del Servicio Público de Generación, Transmisión y Distribución de Energía y Electricidad de EPM por parte de usuarios de hogares [WWW Document]. EPM. URL https://www.epm.com.co/site/clientes_usuarios/clientes-yusuarios/ empresas/energ%C3%ADa/grandes-empresas/tips-para-el-uso-inteligente (accessed 7.20.20). Espejo, A., Torres, P., Mosquera, J., Rangel, C., Cabeza, I., Ortiz, N., Becerra, P., Acevedo, P., 2019. Evaluation of the environmental, technical and economic performance of anaerobic co- digestion processes in Colombian scenarios. p. 10. Garbs, M., Geldermann, J., 2018. Analysis of selected economic and environmental impacts of long distance manure transports to biogas plants. Biomass and Bioenergy 109, 71–84. Indrawan, N., Thapa, S., Wijaya, M.E., Ridwan, M., Park, D.-H., 2018. The biogas development in the Indonesian power generation sector. Environmental Development 25, 85–99. ISO, 2006. ISO 14040:2006(es), Gestión ambiental — Análisis del ciclo de vida — Principios y marco de referencia [WWW Document]. ISO. URL https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#iso:std:iso:14040:ed-2:v1:es (accessed 5.22.20). Lijó, L., González-García, S., Bacenetti, J., Fiala, M., Feijoo, G., Moreira, M.T., 2014. Assuring the sustainable production of biogas from anaerobic mono-digestion. Journal of Cleaner Production 72, 23–34. Mano, E.M., Naranjo, A.M., Peçanha, V.P., Vaz, C. do R., 2019. Life cycle assessment of manure biogas production: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production 219, 411–423. Ministerio de minas y energía, 2019. Sistema de Información de Combustibles Líquidos - Estructura de Precio [WWW Document]. Sicom. URL https://www.sicom.gov.co/precios/precioAction.do?method=pMostrarIpPublicado (accessed 7.20.20). Ministerio de Vivienda, Ciudad y Territorio, 2010. Reglamento Técnico del Sector de Agua Potable y Saneamiento Básico - RAS. Navarro, J.D., Gamarra, Y., Escalante, H., 2007. Diseño de un biofiltro para disminuir la concentración de H2S de un reactor anaerobiodede flujo a pistón (rap). Rev. UIS ing. 6, 61–69. Nielsen, M., Nielsen, O., Marianne, T., 2010. Emissions from decentralised CHP plants 2007 - Energinet.dk Environmental project no. 07/1882: Project report 5 - Emission factors and emission inventory for decentralised CHP production. National Environmental Research Institute, Neri Technical Report. Piñeros, V.; Melo, k; Acevedo, P.; Cabeza, I., 2018. Integración de Modelos de Evaluación de Viabilidad Económica e Impacto Ambiental a Modelos Empíricos y Técnicos del Proceso de Codigestión Anaeróbica. Priboloc, 2019. Aceite térmico mineral Pirobloc HTF-Mineral \| FluidoTermico.com [WWW Document]. Priboloc. URL https://www.fluidotermico.com/es/aceites-minerales/17-pirobloc-htf-mineral.html (accessed 7.20.20). Rodríguez, A., Ángel, J., Rivero, E., Acevedo, P., Santis, A., Cabeza, I., Acosta, M., Hernandez, M., 2017. Evaluation of the Biochemical Methane Potential of Pig Manure, Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste and Cocoa Industry Residues in Colombia. Chemical Engineering Transactions 57. Sintraprevi, 2018. SINTRAPREVI [WWW Document]. Indicadores. URL https://sintraprevi.org/indicadores.php (accessed 7.20.20). UPME, 2019. Precio bolsa [WWW Document]. UPME. URL http://www1.upme.gov.co/Paginas/default.aspx (accessed 7.20.20). Vikrant, K., Kailasa, S.K., Tsang, D.C.W., Lee, S.S., Kumar, P., Giri, B.S., Singh, R.S., Kim, K.-H., 2018. Biofiltration of hydrogen sulfide: Trends and challenges. Journal of Cleaner Production 187, 131–147.
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dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Cooperaiva de Colombia AIDIC
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv	Ingeniería Industrial
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv	Bogotá
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spelling	Acevedo, PaolaAcevedo, PaolaAmado, MonicaCarrasco, JessicaOchoa, LauraRangel, CarolBecerra, Ana PaolaCabeza, IvanAcevedo, Paola872022-10-28T23:37:52Z2022-10-28T23:37:52Z2021978-88-95608-85-32283-921610.3303/CET2187074https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/46916Amado M., Carrasco J., Ochoa L.D., Rangel C.J., Becerra A.P., Cabeza I.O., Acevedo P.A., 2021, Technical and Environmental Analysis of Large-scale Pig Manure Digestion Through Process Simulation and Life Cycle Assessment, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 87, 439-444 DOI:10.3303/CET2187074The biogas and by-products production from anaerobic digestion of pig manure was evaluated technically, economically, and environmentally in an industrial park in Bogotá, Colombia, in order to generate economic opportunities and to reduce environmental impacts. Mass and energy balances were performed using data from literature and developing a simulation of the AD process in Aspen Plus software based on stoichiometric balances. The environmental evaluation of this process was developed using LCA methodology. Also, the economic viability of the process was evaluated by calculating the internal rate of return and the net present value considering 10 years of life of the plant and equipment. The results of the environmental evaluation show that the stages of transport, and consumption of electrical and thermal energy contribute to the categories of acidification, abiotic, and ozone layer depletion, for both scenarios of interest according to the allocation of the final product. Furthermore, it is established that the project is viable as it has an internal rate of return of 26% and a payback time of 5 years, according to the results of the economic evaluation.https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001028111https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1549-3819https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/gruplac/jsp/Medicion/graficas/verPerfiles.jsp?id_convocatoria=20&nroIdGrupo=00000000002960paola.acevedop@ucc.edu.cohttps://scholar.google.com/ citations?user=uBreqmgAAAAJ&hl=es6Universidad Cooperaiva de ColombiaAIDICIngeniería IndustrialBogotáhttps://www.cetjournal.it/index.php/cet/article/view/CET2187074Chemical Engineering TransactionsAmado, M., Barca, C., Hernández, M.A., Ferrasse, J.-H., 2021. Evaluation of energy recovery potential by anaerobic digestion and dark fermentation of residual biomass in Colombia. Front. Energy Res. 9.Antón, M.A., 2004. Utilización del Análisis del ciclo de vida en la evaluación del impacto ambiental del cultivo bajo invernadero mediterráneo. TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Cataluña.Blanco, G., Santalla, E., Córdoba, V., Levy, A., 2017. Generación de electricidad a partir de biogás capturado de residuos sólidos urbanos: Un análisis teórico-práctico \| Publications (Nota Técnica No. IDB-TN-1260). Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.De Vries, J.W., Vinken, T.M.W.J., Hamelin, L., De Boer, I.J.M., 2012. Comparing environmental consequences of anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of pig manure to produce bio-energy – A life cycle perspective. Bioresource Technology 125, 239–248.EPM, 2019. Tarifas, solicitud del servicio, usos inteligente del Servicio Público de Generación, Transmisión y Distribución de Energía y Electricidad de EPM por parte de usuarios de hogares [WWW Document]. EPM. URL https://www.epm.com.co/site/clientes_usuarios/clientes-yusuarios/ empresas/energ%C3%ADa/grandes-empresas/tips-para-el-uso-inteligente (accessed 7.20.20).Espejo, A., Torres, P., Mosquera, J., Rangel, C., Cabeza, I., Ortiz, N., Becerra, P., Acevedo, P., 2019. Evaluation of the environmental, technical and economic performance of anaerobic co- digestion processes in Colombian scenarios. p. 10.Garbs, M., Geldermann, J., 2018. Analysis of selected economic and environmental impacts of long distance manure transports to biogas plants. Biomass and Bioenergy 109, 71–84.Indrawan, N., Thapa, S., Wijaya, M.E., Ridwan, M., Park, D.-H., 2018. The biogas development in the Indonesian power generation sector. Environmental Development 25, 85–99.ISO, 2006. ISO 14040:2006(es), Gestión ambiental — Análisis del ciclo de vida — Principios y marco de referencia [WWW Document]. ISO. URL https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#iso:std:iso:14040:ed-2:v1:es (accessed 5.22.20).Lijó, L., González-García, S., Bacenetti, J., Fiala, M., Feijoo, G., Moreira, M.T., 2014. Assuring the sustainable production of biogas from anaerobic mono-digestion. Journal of Cleaner Production 72, 23–34.Mano, E.M., Naranjo, A.M., Peçanha, V.P., Vaz, C. do R., 2019. Life cycle assessment of manure biogas production: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production 219, 411–423.Ministerio de minas y energía, 2019. Sistema de Información de Combustibles Líquidos - Estructura de Precio [WWW Document]. Sicom. URL https://www.sicom.gov.co/precios/precioAction.do?method=pMostrarIpPublicado (accessed 7.20.20).Ministerio de Vivienda, Ciudad y Territorio, 2010. Reglamento Técnico del Sector de Agua Potable y Saneamiento Básico - RAS.Navarro, J.D., Gamarra, Y., Escalante, H., 2007. Diseño de un biofiltro para disminuir la concentración de H2S de un reactor anaerobiodede flujo a pistón (rap). Rev. UIS ing. 6, 61–69.Nielsen, M., Nielsen, O., Marianne, T., 2010. Emissions from decentralised CHP plants 2007 - Energinet.dk Environmental project no. 07/1882: Project report 5 - Emission factors and emission inventory for decentralised CHP production. National Environmental Research Institute, Neri Technical Report.Piñeros, V.; Melo, k; Acevedo, P.; Cabeza, I., 2018. Integración de Modelos de Evaluación de Viabilidad Económica e Impacto Ambiental a Modelos Empíricos y Técnicos del Proceso de Codigestión Anaeróbica.Priboloc, 2019. Aceite térmico mineral Pirobloc HTF-Mineral \| FluidoTermico.com [WWW Document]. Priboloc. URL https://www.fluidotermico.com/es/aceites-minerales/17-pirobloc-htf-mineral.html (accessed 7.20.20).Rodríguez, A., Ángel, J., Rivero, E., Acevedo, P., Santis, A., Cabeza, I., Acosta, M., Hernandez, M., 2017. Evaluation of the Biochemical Methane Potential of Pig Manure, Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste and Cocoa Industry Residues in Colombia. Chemical Engineering Transactions 57.Sintraprevi, 2018. SINTRAPREVI [WWW Document]. Indicadores. URL https://sintraprevi.org/indicadores.php (accessed 7.20.20).UPME, 2019. Precio bolsa [WWW Document]. UPME. URL http://www1.upme.gov.co/Paginas/default.aspx (accessed 7.20.20).Vikrant, K., Kailasa, S.K., Tsang, D.C.W., Lee, S.S., Kumar, P., Giri, B.S., Singh, R.S., Kim, K.-H., 2018. Biofiltration of hydrogen sulfide: Trends and challenges. Journal of Cleaner Production 187, 131–147.Digestión, simulación de procesos, Análisis de ciclo de vidaDigestion, Process simulation, Life cycle assessmentTechnical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessmentArtículohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionAtribucióninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2PublicationORIGINALTechnical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment.pdfTechnical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment.pdfapplication/pdf708825https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/57d694ad-7e3a-4f74-915b-fa9ae7d399ed/download077c469f4f7f0a198cc4863fb5f9343cMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/66b8641a-d487-45fc-a621-a5acf6892c43/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52THUMBNAILTechnical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment.pdf.jpgTechnical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5811https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/452f5167-f39d-445b-a6a6-d6ec44c57f3c/download2d2d6d519c63e9ab7222108a01650a27MD53TEXTTechnical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment.pdf.txtTechnical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain27428https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/ed54b087-3ec4-4c5c-9d73-65b79b274a43/downloada07ec4d34083183db4e93d063364acf3MD5420.500.12494/46916oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/469162024-08-20 16:17:54.262open.accesshttps://repository.ucc.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad Cooperativa de Colombiabdigital@metabiblioteca.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

Technical and environmental analysis of large-scale pig manure digestion through process simulation and life cycle assessment

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