Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas

La fluidoterapia tiene como objetivo la reposición del equilibrio hidroelectrolítico de un animal, este equilibrio se puede ver alterado por perdidas sensibles o insensibles principalmente las gastrointestinales causadas por vomito y diarrea. La terapia de fluidos es de suma importancia en el manejo...

Full description

Autores:
Castro Osorio, Angie Daniela
Rojas Sánchez, Yilmer Stiben
Tipo de recurso:
Trabajo de grado de pregrado
Fecha de publicación:
2020
Institución:
Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Repositorio:
Repositorio UCC
Idioma:
OAI Identifier:
oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/28461
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/28461
Palabra clave:
Deshidratación
Coloides
Fluidoterapia
Cristaloides
Desbalance hidroelectrolítico
Hipovolemia
Transfusión sanguínea
Equilibrio acido básico
TG 2020 MVZ 28461
Dehydration
Fluid therapy
Colloids
Crystalloids
Hydroelectrolyte
Imbalance
Hypovolemia
Blood transfusion
Basic acid balance
Rights
openAccess
License
Atribución – No comercial – Sin Derivar
id COOPER2_a4f861f1940b4aaf82c8ca621fd41d1a
oai_identifier_str oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/28461
network_acronym_str COOPER2
network_name_str Repositorio UCC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas
title Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas
spellingShingle Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas
Deshidratación
Coloides
Fluidoterapia
Cristaloides
Desbalance hidroelectrolítico
Hipovolemia
Transfusión sanguínea
Equilibrio acido básico
TG 2020 MVZ 28461
Dehydration
Fluid therapy
Colloids
Crystalloids
Hydroelectrolyte
Imbalance
Hypovolemia
Blood transfusion
Basic acid balance
title_short Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas
title_full Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas
title_fullStr Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas
title_full_unstemmed Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas
title_sort Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Castro Osorio, Angie Daniela
Rojas Sánchez, Yilmer Stiben
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Mesa Socha, José Javier
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Castro Osorio, Angie Daniela
Rojas Sánchez, Yilmer Stiben
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Deshidratación
Coloides
Fluidoterapia
Cristaloides
Desbalance hidroelectrolítico
Hipovolemia
Transfusión sanguínea
Equilibrio acido básico
topic Deshidratación
Coloides
Fluidoterapia
Cristaloides
Desbalance hidroelectrolítico
Hipovolemia
Transfusión sanguínea
Equilibrio acido básico
TG 2020 MVZ 28461
Dehydration
Fluid therapy
Colloids
Crystalloids
Hydroelectrolyte
Imbalance
Hypovolemia
Blood transfusion
Basic acid balance
dc.subject.classification.spa.fl_str_mv TG 2020 MVZ 28461
dc.subject.other.spa.fl_str_mv Dehydration
Fluid therapy
Colloids
Crystalloids
Hydroelectrolyte
Imbalance
Hypovolemia
Blood transfusion
Basic acid balance
description La fluidoterapia tiene como objetivo la reposición del equilibrio hidroelectrolítico de un animal, este equilibrio se puede ver alterado por perdidas sensibles o insensibles principalmente las gastrointestinales causadas por vomito y diarrea. La terapia de fluidos es de suma importancia en el manejo clínico pues según la gravedad del caso la deshidratación puede llevar a alteraciones acido-base e hidroelectrolíticas que pueden poner en riesgo la vida del paciente. No solo es importante identificar la deshidratación y las alteraciones del animal, sino también saber qué tipo de solución se debe usar, en que cantidad, con qué frecuencia y a qué velocidad instaurarla. El presente artículo se realizó haciendo una revisión de literatura de 50 documentos y teniendo en cuenta la experiencia de los autores durante sus prácticas profesionales.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2020-12-11T00:49:01Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2020-12-04
2020-12-11T00:49:01Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2020-12-04
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/28461
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv Castro Osorio, A. D. y Rojas Sanchez, Y. S. (2020). Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas. [tesis de pregrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/28461
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/28461
identifier_str_mv Castro Osorio, A. D. y Rojas Sanchez, Y. S. (2020). Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas. [tesis de pregrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/28461
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Fauci, A., Braunwald, E., Kasper, D., Hauser, S., Longo, D., et al. Harrison Principios de Medicina Interna. Vigésima Edición. Estados Unidos: Mc Graw Hill; 2011
Sawdon M, Kirkman E. Capillary dynamics and the interstitial fluid–lymphatic system. Anaesth Intensive Care Med [Internet]. 2020;21(7):356–62. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2020.04.006
Kirkman E, Tryphonopoulos P, Harle C. Fluid balance. Anaesth Intensive Care Med [Internet]. 2017;18(12):626–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2017.09.013
Woodcock TE. Plasma volume, tissue oedema, and the steady-state Starling principle. BJA Educ. 2017;17(2):74–8.
Casal, F.G., et al. Guias para el manejo clínico de la enfermedad diarreica aguda. 2009; Disponible en: http:// www.binasss.sa.cr/libros/diarreica.pdf
Muir WW, Ueyama Y, Noel-Morgan J, Kilborne A, Page J. A systematic review of the quality of IV fluid therapy in veterinary medicine. Front Vet Sci. 2017;4(AUG).
Kristeller, J.L. Fluids, electrolytes, and nutrition. In The Phamacotherapy Preparatory Course. Primera Edición. EEUU: Continuing Pharmacy Education. 2010; I61-96.
Reineke EL, Walton K, Otto CM. Evaluation of an oral electrolyte solution for treatment of mild to moderate dehydration in dogs with hemorrhagic diarrhea. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013;243(6):851–7.
Ceregatti MG, Volpato J, Roberto C, Mattoso S, Costa Á, Weinert NC, et al. Determinação da influência da fluidoterapia nos parâmetros hematológicos e urinários em cães *. 2016;38(Dmv):292–8
HADDAD NETA1, J.; TRAPP2, S.M.; STURION3, D.J. Consideraciones fisiológicas en la fluidoterapia en perros y gatos. Arq. ciên.vet.zool. UNIPAR, 8(1): p. 63-70, 2005.
Mazzaferro EM, Powell LL. Fluid therapy for the emergent small animal patient. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 43:721–734, 2013
Fukagawa, M., Kurokaw K., and Papadakis M. Fluid & Electrolyte Disorders. Current Medical. Diagnosis & Treatment. Edición Cincuenta y Dos. New York: McGraw Hill LANGE; 2008. p.870-897
MOE, O.W.; FUSTER, D. Clinical acid-base pathophysiology: disorders of plasma anion gap. Best Pract Res Clin Endoc Met, v.17, p.559-574, 2003.
Mazzaferro EM. Complications of Fluid Therapy. Vet Clin North Am - Small Anim Pract. 2008;38(3):607–19.
Brooks A, Thomovsky E, Johnson P. Natural and Synthetic Colloids in Veterinary Medicine. Top Companion Anim Med [Internet]. 2016;31(2):54–60. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.tcam.2016.08.003
Losada AL. Coloides ARTICULO DE REVISIÓN. Rev Colomb Anestesiol [Internet]. 2005;33(115):115–27. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-33472005000200007%0Ahttp://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rca/v33n2/v33n2a07.pdf
Mazzaferro E, Powell LL. Fluid therapy for the emergent small animal patient: Crystalloids, colloids, and albumin products. Vet Clin North Am - Small Anim Pract [Internet]. 2013;43(4):721–34. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2013.03.003
Zinderman CE, Landow L, Wise RP. Anaphylactoid reactions to Dextran 40 and 70: Reports to the United States Food and Drug Administration, 1969 to 2004. J Vasc Surg. 2006;43(5):1004–9.
Heatley JJ, Marks S, Mitchell M, Tully T. Raptor Emergency and Critical Care: Therapy and Techniques. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet [Internet]. 2001;23(6):561–70. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258305426_Raptor_Emergency_and_Critical_Care_Therapy_and_Techniques
Dibartola SP, Bateman S. From a Shock Syndrome That Requires Immediate. Most [Internet]. 1832; Available from: https://mail-attachment.googleusercontent.com/attachment/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2ed36c5045&attid=0.5&permmsgid=msg-f:1683027493724119459&th=175b5096a6a461a3&view=att&disp=inline&realattid=f_khc4cm4r0&saddbat=ANGjdJ-T4ZsuUaaxiiG0clvcSfls2uiCevQQDopJj1kVdz82HGgkcVp67
Urbano J. Comparación De La Eficacia De Las Soluciones Coloides Hipertónicas Y La Solución Salina En El Tratamiento Del Shock Hipovolémico En Un Modelo Animal Infantil E Influencia Sobre La Oxigenación Tisular. Univ Autónoma Madrid [Internet]. 2014; Available from: https://mail-attachment.googleusercontent.com/attachment/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2ed36c5045&attid=0.15&permmsgid=msg-f:1683027493724119459&th=175b5096a6a461a3&view=att&disp=inline&realattid=f_khc4cm8f13&saddbat=ANGjdJ9S4n8O6HuttNJDJsKW8-N8uPnB3s5uTfTqC00X_ARsBYONka6
Cazzolli D, Prittie J. The crystalloid-colloid debate: Consequences of resuscitation fluid selection in veterinary critical care. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 25:6–19,2015
American Thoracic Society. Evidence-based Colloid Use in the Critically Ill: American Thoracic Society Consensus Statement. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2004;170(11):1247-1259.
Niemi TT, Miyashita R, Yamakage M. Colloid solutions: A clinical update. J Anesth [Internet]. 2010;24(6):913–25. Available from: file:///C:/Users/duvan/Downloads/art3A10.10072Fs00540-010-1034-y.pdf
Fielding L. Crystalloid and Colloid Therapy. Vet Clin North Am - Equine Pract [Internet]. 2014;30(2):415–25. Available from: https://mail-attachment.googleusercontent.com/attachment/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2ed36c5045&attid=0.11&permmsgid=msg-f:1683027493724119459&th=175b5096a6a461a3&view=att&disp=inline&realattid=f_khc4cm7l9&saddbat=ANGjdJ-edNeakEYfydh1ZTPipnJ3KZRXBuBVDQTRB0u61lRQoiNuv44H
Rudloff E, Kirby R. Fluid therapy. Crystalloids and colloids. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract [Internet]. 1998;28(2):297–328. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0195-5616(98)82006-8
Simpson KW, Birnbaum N. Fluid and electrolytes disturbances in gastrointestinal and pan- creatic disease. In: DiBartola SP, editor. Fluid, electrolytes, and acid-base disorders in small animal practice. 3rd edition. St. Louis (MO): Elsevier Saunders; 2006. p. 420–36.
Boissonade FM, Sharkey KA, Davison JS. Fos expression in ferret dorsal vagal complex after peripheral emetic stimuli. Am J Physiol 1994;266:R1118–26.
Spandorfer PR, Alessandrini EA, Joffe MD, et al. Oral versus intravenous rehydration of moderately dehydrated children: a randomised, controlled trial. Pediatrics 2005;115: 295–301
Muir WW, Ueyama Y, Noel-Morgan J, Kilborne A, Page J. A systematic review of the quality of IV fluid therapy in veterinary medicine. Front Vet Sci. 2017;4(AUG).
Hopper K, Rojas AG, Barter L. An online survey of small animal veterinarians regarding current fluid therapy practices in dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2018;252(5):553–9
Valadares RC, Palhares MS, Bicalho ALF, Turchetto Jr. CR, Freitas MD, Silva Filho JM, et al. Aspectos clínicos e hematológicos em cães submetidos à fluidoterapia intravenosa, nutrição enteral e parenteral. Arq Bras Med Veterinária e Zootec. 2006;58(4):495–502
Silverstein D, Aldrich J, Haskins S, Drobatz K, Cowgill L. Assessment of changes in blood volume in response to resuscitative fluid administration in dogs. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 15:185–192, 2005
Yunos N, Bellomo R, Hegarty C, et al. Association between a chloride-liberal vs chloride-restrictive intravenous fluid administration strategy and kidney injury in critically ill adults. JAMA 2012;308:1566–72.
Nelson DC, McGrew WRG, Hoyumpa AM. Hypernatremia and lactulose therapy. JAMA 1983;249:1295–8
Fordtran JS. Speculations on the pathogenesis of diarrhea. Fed Proc 1967;26:1405–14.
Brown AJ, Otto CM. Fluid Therapy in Vomiting and Diarrhea. Vet Clin North Am - Small Anim Pract. 2008;38(3):653–75
Roberts I, Blackhall K, Alderson P, Bunn F, Schierhout G. Human albumin solution for resuscitation and volume expansion in critically ill patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 11:CD001208, 2013
González-Montaña JR, Martin MJ, Alonso P. General aspect and current fluid therapy in cattle with digestive diseases. Am J Anim Vet Sci. 2017;12(3):111–31.
Atata JA, Esievo KAN, Adamu S, Abdulsalam H, Avazi DO, Ajadi AA. Haemato-biochemical studies of dogs with haemorrhage-induced dehydration. Comp Clin Path. 2019;28(1):129–35.
Knottenbelt CM.: The feline AB blood group system and its importance in transfusion medicine J Fel Med Surg 2002; 4:69-7
Blood transfusions. BSAVA’s Scientific Committee. British Small Animal Veterinary Association. J Small Anim Pract. 2000; 41(9): 431-4
Hohenhaus AE: Importance of blood groups and blood group antibodies in companion animals. Transfus Med Rev 2004;18:117–126.
Stokol,T; Parry,B; Efficacy of fresh-frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate in dogs with von Willebrand’s disease or hemophilia A. J Vet Intern Med. 1998; 12(2): 84-92
Choudhary SS, Jacob A, Singh SV, Khatti A, Yadav JP, Singh SK, et al. A Review on Blood Transfusion in Small Animals : a Lifesaving Modality in Veterinary Practice. Int J Sci Environ Technol [Internet]. 2017;6(1):893 – 898. Available from: http://www.ijset.net/journal/1623.pdf
Rebulla P.: Revisitation of the clinical indications for the transfusion of platelet concentrates. Rev Clin Exp Hematol 2001; 5:288-310
Day, M.; Mackin, A.; Littlewood, J. “Manual of small animal hematology and transfusion medicine”, Ed BSAVA. 2000
Laubenthal H, MD; Messmer K, MD. Allergic reactions to dextrans. In; Baron JF, Editor. Plasma volumeexpansion. Paris; Arnette Blackwell, 1992
Ognean L, Chiurciu V, Ştefănuţ C, Oana L, Morar I, Barabási I. Transfusion Triggers and Therapeutic Efficacy in a Group of Dogs That Underwent Whole Blood Therapy. Agric Agric Sci Procedia. 2015;6:363–9.
Leese T; Holliday M.; Watkins M.et al: A multicentre controlled clinical trial of high-volume fresh frozen plasma therapy in prognostically severe acute pancreatitis . Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1991;73:207-214
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv Atribución – No comercial – Sin Derivar
dc.rights.accessrights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.none.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribución – No comercial – Sin Derivar
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv 25 p.
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Veterinaría y Zootecnia, Ibagué
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv Medicina veterinaria y zootecnia
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv Ibagué
institution Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/baac1023-b459-424a-96e5-799eead9c7db/download
https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/ee6ecba5-5030-4d13-a4ea-32571aa145dd/download
https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/7521d068-6ab7-432d-8e42-0fd43d1a0485/download
https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/1328923f-1174-4359-91fa-fe0e5d5bea07/download
https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/2848cf7e-00d2-4540-9217-8ea9869c3b5d/download
https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/c49b09bd-fed8-4aa9-b7d1-b5f4457a35dd/download
https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/69bfbab2-bcce-4110-8e98-4870b601394a/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 3bce4f7ab09dfc588f126e1e36e98a45
c40ad697e9aee1afacb0147d64bc336c
3c8769510e90c14cae1f4ff4d785fbae
6199b603899e8ca0fa0acd769948e32b
c5d56312247da40f65b7abbb386c5cc1
b087941ab5fa536823ab0ee502112122
02ca3d9c766496445ab4fd23a444e228
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bdigital@metabiblioteca.com
_version_ 1808789203003113472
spelling Mesa Socha, José JavierCastro Osorio, Angie DanielaRojas Sánchez, Yilmer Stiben2020-12-11T00:49:01Z2020-12-042020-12-11T00:49:01Z2020-12-04https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/28461Castro Osorio, A. D. y Rojas Sanchez, Y. S. (2020). Implementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colas. [tesis de pregrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/28461La fluidoterapia tiene como objetivo la reposición del equilibrio hidroelectrolítico de un animal, este equilibrio se puede ver alterado por perdidas sensibles o insensibles principalmente las gastrointestinales causadas por vomito y diarrea. La terapia de fluidos es de suma importancia en el manejo clínico pues según la gravedad del caso la deshidratación puede llevar a alteraciones acido-base e hidroelectrolíticas que pueden poner en riesgo la vida del paciente. No solo es importante identificar la deshidratación y las alteraciones del animal, sino también saber qué tipo de solución se debe usar, en que cantidad, con qué frecuencia y a qué velocidad instaurarla. El presente artículo se realizó haciendo una revisión de literatura de 50 documentos y teniendo en cuenta la experiencia de los autores durante sus prácticas profesionales.Fluid therapy aims to restore the fluid and electrolyte balance of an animal, this balance can be altered by sensitive or insensitive losses, mainly gastrointestinal losses caused by vomiting and diarrhea. Fluid therapy is of utmost importance in clinical management because, depending on the severity of the case, dehydration can lead to acid-base and hydro-electrolyte alterations that can put the patient's life at risk. It is not only important to identify dehydration and alterations of the animal but also to know what type of solution to use, in what quantity, how often and at what speed to establish it. This article was carried out by reviewing the literature of 50 documents and taking into account the experience of the authors during their professional practices.angied.castro@campusucc.edu.co25 p.Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Veterinaría y Zootecnia, IbaguéMedicina veterinaria y zootecniaIbaguéDeshidrataciónColoidesFluidoterapiaCristaloidesDesbalance hidroelectrolíticoHipovolemiaTransfusión sanguíneaEquilibrio acido básicoTG 2020 MVZ 28461DehydrationFluid therapyColloidsCrystalloidsHydroelectrolyteImbalanceHypovolemiaBlood transfusionBasic acid balanceImplementación de una guía práctica clínica para el manejo de fluidoterapia con cristaloides y coloides en el hospital veterinario animales con colasTrabajo de grado - Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAtribución – No comercial – Sin Derivarinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Fauci, A., Braunwald, E., Kasper, D., Hauser, S., Longo, D., et al. Harrison Principios de Medicina Interna. Vigésima Edición. Estados Unidos: Mc Graw Hill; 2011Sawdon M, Kirkman E. Capillary dynamics and the interstitial fluid–lymphatic system. Anaesth Intensive Care Med [Internet]. 2020;21(7):356–62. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2020.04.006Kirkman E, Tryphonopoulos P, Harle C. Fluid balance. Anaesth Intensive Care Med [Internet]. 2017;18(12):626–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2017.09.013Woodcock TE. Plasma volume, tissue oedema, and the steady-state Starling principle. BJA Educ. 2017;17(2):74–8.Casal, F.G., et al. Guias para el manejo clínico de la enfermedad diarreica aguda. 2009; Disponible en: http:// www.binasss.sa.cr/libros/diarreica.pdfMuir WW, Ueyama Y, Noel-Morgan J, Kilborne A, Page J. A systematic review of the quality of IV fluid therapy in veterinary medicine. Front Vet Sci. 2017;4(AUG).Kristeller, J.L. Fluids, electrolytes, and nutrition. In The Phamacotherapy Preparatory Course. Primera Edición. EEUU: Continuing Pharmacy Education. 2010; I61-96.Reineke EL, Walton K, Otto CM. Evaluation of an oral electrolyte solution for treatment of mild to moderate dehydration in dogs with hemorrhagic diarrhea. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013;243(6):851–7.Ceregatti MG, Volpato J, Roberto C, Mattoso S, Costa Á, Weinert NC, et al. Determinação da influência da fluidoterapia nos parâmetros hematológicos e urinários em cães *. 2016;38(Dmv):292–8HADDAD NETA1, J.; TRAPP2, S.M.; STURION3, D.J. Consideraciones fisiológicas en la fluidoterapia en perros y gatos. Arq. ciên.vet.zool. UNIPAR, 8(1): p. 63-70, 2005.Mazzaferro EM, Powell LL. Fluid therapy for the emergent small animal patient. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 43:721–734, 2013Fukagawa, M., Kurokaw K., and Papadakis M. Fluid & Electrolyte Disorders. Current Medical. Diagnosis & Treatment. Edición Cincuenta y Dos. New York: McGraw Hill LANGE; 2008. p.870-897MOE, O.W.; FUSTER, D. Clinical acid-base pathophysiology: disorders of plasma anion gap. Best Pract Res Clin Endoc Met, v.17, p.559-574, 2003.Mazzaferro EM. Complications of Fluid Therapy. Vet Clin North Am - Small Anim Pract. 2008;38(3):607–19.Brooks A, Thomovsky E, Johnson P. Natural and Synthetic Colloids in Veterinary Medicine. Top Companion Anim Med [Internet]. 2016;31(2):54–60. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.tcam.2016.08.003Losada AL. Coloides ARTICULO DE REVISIÓN. Rev Colomb Anestesiol [Internet]. 2005;33(115):115–27. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-33472005000200007%0Ahttp://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rca/v33n2/v33n2a07.pdfMazzaferro E, Powell LL. Fluid therapy for the emergent small animal patient: Crystalloids, colloids, and albumin products. Vet Clin North Am - Small Anim Pract [Internet]. 2013;43(4):721–34. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2013.03.003Zinderman CE, Landow L, Wise RP. Anaphylactoid reactions to Dextran 40 and 70: Reports to the United States Food and Drug Administration, 1969 to 2004. J Vasc Surg. 2006;43(5):1004–9.Heatley JJ, Marks S, Mitchell M, Tully T. Raptor Emergency and Critical Care: Therapy and Techniques. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet [Internet]. 2001;23(6):561–70. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258305426_Raptor_Emergency_and_Critical_Care_Therapy_and_TechniquesDibartola SP, Bateman S. From a Shock Syndrome That Requires Immediate. Most [Internet]. 1832; Available from: https://mail-attachment.googleusercontent.com/attachment/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2ed36c5045&attid=0.5&permmsgid=msg-f:1683027493724119459&th=175b5096a6a461a3&view=att&disp=inline&realattid=f_khc4cm4r0&saddbat=ANGjdJ-T4ZsuUaaxiiG0clvcSfls2uiCevQQDopJj1kVdz82HGgkcVp67Urbano J. Comparación De La Eficacia De Las Soluciones Coloides Hipertónicas Y La Solución Salina En El Tratamiento Del Shock Hipovolémico En Un Modelo Animal Infantil E Influencia Sobre La Oxigenación Tisular. Univ Autónoma Madrid [Internet]. 2014; Available from: https://mail-attachment.googleusercontent.com/attachment/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2ed36c5045&attid=0.15&permmsgid=msg-f:1683027493724119459&th=175b5096a6a461a3&view=att&disp=inline&realattid=f_khc4cm8f13&saddbat=ANGjdJ9S4n8O6HuttNJDJsKW8-N8uPnB3s5uTfTqC00X_ARsBYONka6Cazzolli D, Prittie J. The crystalloid-colloid debate: Consequences of resuscitation fluid selection in veterinary critical care. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 25:6–19,2015American Thoracic Society. Evidence-based Colloid Use in the Critically Ill: American Thoracic Society Consensus Statement. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2004;170(11):1247-1259.Niemi TT, Miyashita R, Yamakage M. Colloid solutions: A clinical update. J Anesth [Internet]. 2010;24(6):913–25. Available from: file:///C:/Users/duvan/Downloads/art3A10.10072Fs00540-010-1034-y.pdfFielding L. Crystalloid and Colloid Therapy. Vet Clin North Am - Equine Pract [Internet]. 2014;30(2):415–25. Available from: https://mail-attachment.googleusercontent.com/attachment/u/0/?ui=2&ik=2ed36c5045&attid=0.11&permmsgid=msg-f:1683027493724119459&th=175b5096a6a461a3&view=att&disp=inline&realattid=f_khc4cm7l9&saddbat=ANGjdJ-edNeakEYfydh1ZTPipnJ3KZRXBuBVDQTRB0u61lRQoiNuv44HRudloff E, Kirby R. Fluid therapy. Crystalloids and colloids. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract [Internet]. 1998;28(2):297–328. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0195-5616(98)82006-8Simpson KW, Birnbaum N. Fluid and electrolytes disturbances in gastrointestinal and pan- creatic disease. In: DiBartola SP, editor. Fluid, electrolytes, and acid-base disorders in small animal practice. 3rd edition. St. Louis (MO): Elsevier Saunders; 2006. p. 420–36.Boissonade FM, Sharkey KA, Davison JS. Fos expression in ferret dorsal vagal complex after peripheral emetic stimuli. Am J Physiol 1994;266:R1118–26.Spandorfer PR, Alessandrini EA, Joffe MD, et al. Oral versus intravenous rehydration of moderately dehydrated children: a randomised, controlled trial. Pediatrics 2005;115: 295–301Muir WW, Ueyama Y, Noel-Morgan J, Kilborne A, Page J. A systematic review of the quality of IV fluid therapy in veterinary medicine. Front Vet Sci. 2017;4(AUG).Hopper K, Rojas AG, Barter L. An online survey of small animal veterinarians regarding current fluid therapy practices in dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2018;252(5):553–9Valadares RC, Palhares MS, Bicalho ALF, Turchetto Jr. CR, Freitas MD, Silva Filho JM, et al. Aspectos clínicos e hematológicos em cães submetidos à fluidoterapia intravenosa, nutrição enteral e parenteral. Arq Bras Med Veterinária e Zootec. 2006;58(4):495–502Silverstein D, Aldrich J, Haskins S, Drobatz K, Cowgill L. Assessment of changes in blood volume in response to resuscitative fluid administration in dogs. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 15:185–192, 2005Yunos N, Bellomo R, Hegarty C, et al. Association between a chloride-liberal vs chloride-restrictive intravenous fluid administration strategy and kidney injury in critically ill adults. JAMA 2012;308:1566–72.Nelson DC, McGrew WRG, Hoyumpa AM. Hypernatremia and lactulose therapy. JAMA 1983;249:1295–8Fordtran JS. Speculations on the pathogenesis of diarrhea. Fed Proc 1967;26:1405–14.Brown AJ, Otto CM. Fluid Therapy in Vomiting and Diarrhea. Vet Clin North Am - Small Anim Pract. 2008;38(3):653–75Roberts I, Blackhall K, Alderson P, Bunn F, Schierhout G. Human albumin solution for resuscitation and volume expansion in critically ill patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 11:CD001208, 2013González-Montaña JR, Martin MJ, Alonso P. General aspect and current fluid therapy in cattle with digestive diseases. Am J Anim Vet Sci. 2017;12(3):111–31.Atata JA, Esievo KAN, Adamu S, Abdulsalam H, Avazi DO, Ajadi AA. Haemato-biochemical studies of dogs with haemorrhage-induced dehydration. Comp Clin Path. 2019;28(1):129–35.Knottenbelt CM.: The feline AB blood group system and its importance in transfusion medicine J Fel Med Surg 2002; 4:69-7Blood transfusions. BSAVA’s Scientific Committee. British Small Animal Veterinary Association. J Small Anim Pract. 2000; 41(9): 431-4Hohenhaus AE: Importance of blood groups and blood group antibodies in companion animals. Transfus Med Rev 2004;18:117–126.Stokol,T; Parry,B; Efficacy of fresh-frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate in dogs with von Willebrand’s disease or hemophilia A. J Vet Intern Med. 1998; 12(2): 84-92Choudhary SS, Jacob A, Singh SV, Khatti A, Yadav JP, Singh SK, et al. A Review on Blood Transfusion in Small Animals : a Lifesaving Modality in Veterinary Practice. Int J Sci Environ Technol [Internet]. 2017;6(1):893 – 898. Available from: http://www.ijset.net/journal/1623.pdfRebulla P.: Revisitation of the clinical indications for the transfusion of platelet concentrates. Rev Clin Exp Hematol 2001; 5:288-310Day, M.; Mackin, A.; Littlewood, J. “Manual of small animal hematology and transfusion medicine”, Ed BSAVA. 2000Laubenthal H, MD; Messmer K, MD. Allergic reactions to dextrans. In; Baron JF, Editor. Plasma volumeexpansion. Paris; Arnette Blackwell, 1992Ognean L, Chiurciu V, Ştefănuţ C, Oana L, Morar I, Barabási I. Transfusion Triggers and Therapeutic Efficacy in a Group of Dogs That Underwent Whole Blood Therapy. Agric Agric Sci Procedia. 2015;6:363–9.Leese T; Holliday M.; Watkins M.et al: A multicentre controlled clinical trial of high-volume fresh frozen plasma therapy in prognostically severe acute pancreatitis . Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1991;73:207-214PublicationLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-84334https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/baac1023-b459-424a-96e5-799eead9c7db/download3bce4f7ab09dfc588f126e1e36e98a45MD53ORIGINAL2020_implementacion_guia_practica.pdf2020_implementacion_guia_practica.pdfapplication/pdf545833https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/ee6ecba5-5030-4d13-a4ea-32571aa145dd/downloadc40ad697e9aee1afacb0147d64bc336cMD512020_implementacion_guia_practica-FormatoLicenciaUso.pdf2020_implementacion_guia_practica-FormatoLicenciaUso.pdfapplication/pdf254572https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/7521d068-6ab7-432d-8e42-0fd43d1a0485/download3c8769510e90c14cae1f4ff4d785fbaeMD52THUMBNAIL2020_implementacion_guia_practica.pdf.jpg2020_implementacion_guia_practica.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg3559https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/1328923f-1174-4359-91fa-fe0e5d5bea07/download6199b603899e8ca0fa0acd769948e32bMD542020_implementacion_guia_practica-FormatoLicenciaUso.pdf.jpg2020_implementacion_guia_practica-FormatoLicenciaUso.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4698https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/2848cf7e-00d2-4540-9217-8ea9869c3b5d/downloadc5d56312247da40f65b7abbb386c5cc1MD55TEXT2020_implementacion_guia_practica.pdf.txt2020_implementacion_guia_practica.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain39383https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/c49b09bd-fed8-4aa9-b7d1-b5f4457a35dd/downloadb087941ab5fa536823ab0ee502112122MD562020_implementacion_guia_practica-FormatoLicenciaUso.pdf.txt2020_implementacion_guia_practica-FormatoLicenciaUso.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain5982https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/69bfbab2-bcce-4110-8e98-4870b601394a/download02ca3d9c766496445ab4fd23a444e228MD5720.500.12494/28461oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/284612024-08-09 12:47:02.074open.accesshttps://repository.ucc.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad Cooperativa de Colombiabdigital@metabiblioteca.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