Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.

El uso de esperma epidimal bovino todos los días ha ido ganando fuerza en las especies bovinas y se ha diseminado, como una técnica de conservación, manejo y mejoramiento genético, pero al mismo tiempo brinda una oportunidad a animales con un alto valor genético, económico, enfermos, accidentados, o...

Full description

Autores:: Sánchez Pedraza, Jorge Mario

Tipo de recurso:: Trabajo de grado de pregrado

Fecha de publicación:: 2019

Institución:: Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia

Repositorio:: Repositorio UCC

Idioma:

id	COOPER2_9d3bb552a027a6a289c56cea33183a58
oai_identifier_str	oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/12061
network_acronym_str	COOPER2
network_name_str	Repositorio UCC
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.
title	Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.
spellingShingle	Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos. Mejoramiento genético Criopreservación Bovinos Espermatozoide Epidídimo Protocolos de colecta TG 2019 MVZ 12061 Genetic improvement Cryopreservation Bovine Spermatozoon Epididymis Collection protocols
title_short	Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.
title_full	Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.
title_fullStr	Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.
title_full_unstemmed	Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.
title_sort	Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Sánchez Pedraza, Jorge Mario
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Bonilla León, Lilian
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Sánchez Pedraza, Jorge Mario
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv	Mejoramiento genético Criopreservación Bovinos Espermatozoide Epidídimo Protocolos de colecta
topic	Mejoramiento genético Criopreservación Bovinos Espermatozoide Epidídimo Protocolos de colecta TG 2019 MVZ 12061 Genetic improvement Cryopreservation Bovine Spermatozoon Epididymis Collection protocols
dc.subject.classification.spa.fl_str_mv	TG 2019 MVZ 12061
dc.subject.other.spa.fl_str_mv	Genetic improvement Cryopreservation Bovine Spermatozoon Epididymis Collection protocols
description	El uso de esperma epidimal bovino todos los días ha ido ganando fuerza en las especies bovinas y se ha diseminado, como una técnica de conservación, manejo y mejoramiento genético, pero al mismo tiempo brinda una oportunidad a animales con un alto valor genético, económico, enfermos, accidentados, o que de repente pierden su vida y no pueden volver a reproducirse. En el siguiente trabajo se desea mostrar la aplicabilidad de la técnica, tanto en el ganado vacuno como en los sistemas lácteos se pueden descartar y sacrificar muchos animales sin ser utilizados para la reproducción, lo que convierte o representa una fuente no explotada de material genético, así como la forma en que Los espermatozoides deben conservarse hasta su uso en diversas técnicas de reproducción asistida. Este artículo se realizó con una amplia búsqueda de trabajos científicos en diferentes bases de datos y como parámetro de selección, utilizamos aquellos trabajos en los que describieron el uso de espermetazoides epidimales, su manejo, recolección y formas de crioconservación. El objetivo de este trabajo es informar y dar a conocer aspectos del uso del esperma epidimal, la preservación de los testículos, la espermatogénesis en el epidídimo, las técnicas de recolección y la conservación de los espermatozoides para su uso posterior. Se puede concluir que el uso de espermatozoides es una técnica reproductiva viable, que permite el mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales bovinos mediante crioconservación para su uso en diferentes técnicas de biotecnología reproductiva, tales como: inseminación artificial, embriones e inyección de ovocitos intracitoplásmicos o mantenida por congelación para su conservación durante periodos prolongados.
publishDate	2019
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2019-07-02T18:19:08Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2019-07-02T18:19:08Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2019-06-17
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
status_str	acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/12061
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv	Sánchez, J. M. (2019). Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos. (Tesis de pregrado). Recuperado de: http://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/ucc/12061
url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/12061
identifier_str_mv	Sánchez, J. M. (2019). Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos. (Tesis de pregrado). Recuperado de: http://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/ucc/12061
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	Albers, A., Barrios, D. (2006). Movilidad individual de los espermatozoides epididimarios de toros postmorten obtenidos mediante lavado retrogrado. Zootecnia trop. 24(3), 267 – 280. Alapati, R., Stout, M., Saenz, J., Gentry, G., Godke, R., & Devireddy, R. (2009). Comparison of the permeability properties and post-thaw motility of ejaculated and epididymal bovine spermatozoa. Cryobiology. 59(2). 164-70. An L-Y., et al. (2017). Significant heparin effect on bovine embryo development during sexed in vitro fertilization. Journal of Reproduction and Development Arias, M., Andara, K., Briones, E.,& Felmer R. (2017). Bovine sperm separation by Swim-up and density gradients (Percoll and BoviPure): Effect on sperm quality, function and gene expression. Reproductive Biology. 7. Benitez,E.,Chamba, H., Sanchez, E..,Luzon, F.,& Sanchez J. (2017). Evaluacion comparativa de dos métodos de recuperación espermática de epidídimos bovinos post – morten. Abanico Veterinario. 81(6), 59-74. Bertol, M., et al. (2016) In vitro and in vivo fertilization potential of cryopreserved spermatozoa from bull epididymides stored for up to 30 hours at ambient temperature (18 degrees C-20 degrees C). Theriogenology. 86. 1014–1021. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. Buranaamnuay, K., Sangsuwan, P., Changsangfa, C., Faisaikarm, T. &, Kaeoket, K. (2014). Influence of Discontinuous PureSperm and OptiPrep Gradient Centrifugations on Bovine Sperm Quality and the Sex Ratio of in vitro Produced Embryos Chiang Mai Journal of Science. 41(5) 1–12. Demyda-Peyra´s S., Dorado, J., Hidalgo, M., & Moreno-Milla´n M .(2013.) Influence of sperm fertilising concentration,sperm selection method and sperm capacitation procedure on the incidence of numerical chromosomal abnormalities in IVF early bovine embryos. Reproduction, fertility, and development. 16(6). 238 – 255. De Vos A, Nagy ZP, Van De Velde H, Joris H, Bocken G, et al. (1997) Percoll gradient centrifugation can be omitted in sperm preparation for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Human Reproduction. 12:1980–1984 Fraser L, Drury L., (1976) .Effect of removal of epididymal secretions on fertilization in vitro of mouse eggs. Journal Reproduction Fertility 48. 125–128. Chaveiro A, Cerqueira C, Silva J, Franco J, Moreira da Silva F. (2015). Evaluation of frozen thawed cauda epididymal sperms and in vitro fertilizing potential of bovine sperm collected from the cauda epididymal. Iran J Vet Res. 16(2):188-93. Celeghini, E. (2007). Practical techniques for bovine sperm simultaneous fluorimetric assessment of plasma, acrosomal and mitochondrial membranes.Reproduction in Domestic Animals 42(1). 479–488. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006. Cunha, A., et al.(2019) Bovine epididymal spermatozoa treatmen for in vitro fertilization: Heparin accelerates fertilization and enables a reduction in coincubation time. PLoS ONE.14(1): Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209692. Cunha A.,, Carvalho, J., Kussano, N., Martins, C., Mourão, & Dode, P., (2016). Bovine epididymal spermatozoa: Resistance to cryopreservation and binding ability to oviductal cells, Cryobiology. (16) 09.170 – 174. Cummins, J., (1976) Effects of epididymal occlusion on sperm maturation in the hamster. Journal of Experimental Zoology 197: 183–190. Dance, A., Thundathil, J., Blondin, P., & Kastelic, J. (2016). Enhanced early-life nutrition of Holstein bulls increases sperm production potential without decreasing post-pubertal semen quality. Theriogenology. 86: 687–694. Dode M., Rodovalho, N., Uenoa,G.,& Fernandes, C.,2002) The effect of sperm preparation and coincubation time on in vitro fertilization of bos indicus oocytes. Animal Reproduction Science 69.15–23. Fortes, M.et al (2014). Sperm protamine deficiency correlates with sperm DNA damage in Bos indicus bulls. J Androl 2: 370–378. Gwathmey, T., Ignotz, G., & Suarez, S.S (2003.) PDC-109 (BSP-A1/A2) promotes bull sperm binding to oviductal epithelium in vitro and may be involved in forming the oviductal sperm reservoir. Biology of reproduction 69. 809–815. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.102.010827. Hallap, T., Nagy, S., Jaakma, U., Johannisson, A.,& Rodriguez-Martinez, H. (2006) Usefulness of a triple fluorochrome combination Merocyanine 540/Yo-Pro 1/Hoechst 33342 in assessing membrane stability of viable frozen-thawed spermatozoa from Estonian Holstein AI bulls. Theriogenology 65: 1122–1136.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.07.009. Holm P (1988) Developmental kinetics of the first cell cycles of bovine in vitro produced embryos in relation to their in vitro viability and sex. Theriogenology 50: 1285–1299. Hossepian de Lima, V., Moreira-Filho, C., Lucio, A., Resende, M. (2011). Sexagem de espermatozoides bovinos por centrifugac¸ão em gradiente descontı´nuo de densidade de Percoll. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 40. James, A.(2004) .Preservation of sperm harvested from the rat, caprine, equine and bovine epididymis. PhD Thesis, Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, pp 1–234. Juyena, S., Stelletta, C., (2012) Seminal plasma: an essential attribute to spermatozoa. Journal of Andrology. 33.536–551. Recuerado de: https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.110.012583. Kadirvel, G.,et al. (2012). Porcine sperm bind to specific 6-sialylated biantennary glycans to form the oviduct reservoir. Biology of reproduction. 87. 147. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.112.103879. Klinc P, Rath D (2007) Reduction of oxidative stress in bovine spermatozoa during flow cytometric sorting. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 42(2). 63–67. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00730.x. Krishnakumar, S., Whiteside, D., Elkin B, & Thundathil, J., (2011) .Evaluation of an animal protein-free semen extender for cryopreservation of epididymal sperm from North American bison (Bison bison).Theriogenology 76: 252–260. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.02.001 Losano, J.,et al. (2018). The addition of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) in extenders to epididymal sperm cryopreservation in bulls. Zygote. 26(3). 199-206. Machado, G., et al. (2009) Effect of Percoll volume, duration and force of centrifugation, on in vitro production and sex ratio of bovine embryos. Theriogenology. 71.1289–1297. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.01.002 Matas, C., Sansegundo, M., Ruiz, S., Garcia-Vazquez, F., Gadea J., et al. (2010) Sperm treatment affects capacitation parameters and penetration ability of ejaculated and epididymal boar spermatozoa. Theriogenology 74: 1327–1340. Recuperado de:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.06.002. Martinez-Pasto,r F.,et al. (2006). Comparison of two methods for obtaining spermatozoa from the cauda epididymis of Iberian red deer. Theriogenology 65(2). 471–485. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.05.045. Martins, C., Rumpf R., Pereira, D., & Dode, M. (2007) Cryopreservation of epididymal bovine spermatozoa from dead animals and its uses in vitro embryo production. Anim Reprod Sci. 101(3-4):326-31. Martins, C., Driessen, K., Costa, P., Carvalho-Neto, J., de Sousa, R., Rumpf R, &Dode, M.(2009). Recovery, cryopreservation and fertilization potential of bovine spermatozoa obtained from epididymides stored at 5 degrees C by different periods of time. Anim Reprod Sci. 116(1-2). 50-7. Mendes, J., Burns, P., De La Torre-Sanchez J.,&, Seidel, G. (2003). Effect of heparin on cleavage rates and embryo production with four bovine sperm preparation protocols. Theriogenology 60: 331–340. Moura, A, Koc, H., Chapman DA, Killian GJ (2006) Identification of proteins in the accessory sex gland fluid associated with fertility indexes of dairy bulls: a proteomic approach. Journal of andrology 27.201–211. Recuperado de:https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.05089 PMID: 16278371 Nichi, M., et al.(2017). Evaluation of epididymis storage temperature and cryopreservation conditions for improved mitochondrial membrane potential,membrane integrity, sperm motility and in vitro fertilization in bovine epididymal sperm. Reprod Domest Anim. 52(2). 257-263. Papa, M., et al. (2015). Different extenders in the cryopreservation of bovine epididymal spermatozoa. Anim. Reprod. Sci. Recuperado de: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.08.004. Pavlok, A.,et al. (1988). Fertilization of bovine oocytes in vitro:Effect of different sources of gametes on fertilization rate and frequency of fertilization anomalies. Animal reproduction Science. 16(2). 207–213. Parrish, J. (2014). Bovine in vitro fertilization: in vitro oocyte maturation and sperm capacitation with heparin. Theriogenology 81. 67–73. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.08.005. Parrish, J., Krogenaes, A., &Susko-Parrish, J. (1995) Effect of bovine sperm separation by either swim-up or Percoll method on success of in vitro fertilization and early embryonic development. Theriogenology. 44. 859–869. Rodriguez-Villamil, et al. (2016) Purificationof binder of sperm protein 1 (BSP1) and its effects on bovine in vitro embryo development after fertilization with ejaculated and epididymal sperm. Theriogenology. 85. 540–554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.044. Sepulveda, B., et al. (2017). Gradient sperm selection forreproductive techniques in cattle: Is Isolate a suitable replacement for Percoll?. International Journal of Andrology. e12921. 1–7. Silva, E., et al. (2014). Multiple proteins from ejaculated and epididymal porcine spermatozoa bind glycan motifs found in the oviduct. Andrology 2. 763–771. Recuperado de:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00249. Strand, J., et al.(2016). Effects of post-mortem storage conditions of bovine epididymides on sperm characteristics: investigating a tool for preservation of sperm from endangered species. Conserv Physiol. 29(4), recuperado de: htpp://cow069doi:10.1093/conphys/cow069. . Stout, M.,(2012). Comparison of epididymal and ejaculated sperm collected from the same Holstein bulls. Louisiania: University of Louisiania. 203 p. Sousa, R.,et al. (2017) Biopsy of bovine embryos produced in vivo and in vitro does not affect pregnancy rates. Theriogenology 90: 25–31.recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.11.003. Takeo, T., et al. (2014). Investigations of motility and fertilization potential in thawed cryopreserved mouse sperm from cold-stored epididymides. Cryobiology.68. 12–17. Therien, I., Moreau, R., Manjunath, P .(1998). Major Proteins of Bovine Seminal Plasma and High-Density Lipoprotein Induce Cholesterol Efflux from Epididymal Sperm. Biology of Reproduction. 59. 768–776. Turri, F., Madeddu, M., Gliozzi, T., Gandini, G.,& Pizzi, F. (2012) Influence of recovery methods and extenders on bull epididymal spermatozoa quality. Reprod Domest Anim 47: 712–717. Vianna, L., et al. (2014). Isolate and Optiprep minigradients as alternatives for sperm selection in bovine in vitro embryo production. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 94. 35–42. Young, C., et al.(2013). Development of a sperm cryopreservation protocol for the Argentine black and white tegu (Tupinambis merianae). Reprod Fertil Dev. 26.(1). 168–169.
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv	Atribución – Sin Derivar
dc.rights.accessrights.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.none.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv	Atribución – Sin Derivar http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv	23
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Veterinaría y Zootecnia, Ibagué
dc.publisher.program.spa.fl_str_mv	Medicina veterinaria y zootecnia
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv	Ibagué
institution	Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv	https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/e61db28c-3d43-46aa-9b80-f1cf2b95776a/download https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/ae2eeb11-7c22-4d2d-9eb7-6d3fa6044822/download https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/96b81299-1d3d-499c-a03d-30fbf848bed1/download https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/4b0f7c2f-5558-414a-b9e7-74c53fada772/download https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/2f189f38-bf40-4549-919d-bd3d9deb76af/download https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/46ec4607-a5e5-4125-911d-a7c44c31a30a/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv	3bce4f7ab09dfc588f126e1e36e98a45 f9e1f502cb0b995080aea47273221325 1280aa8613418c2f78dea96e18db5cc8 e637be8cb460d8878d1ba7f3243aa2b8 2ec3e966f9882f80207b409e81685928 b1f5f1321af28ad6549b82d109fdcce5
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv	MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv	Repositorio Institucional Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv	bdigital@metabiblioteca.com
_version_	1808789146881228800
spelling	Bonilla León, LilianSánchez Pedraza, Jorge Mario2019-07-02T18:19:08Z2019-07-02T18:19:08Z2019-06-17https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/12061Sánchez, J. M. (2019). Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos. (Tesis de pregrado). Recuperado de: http://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/ucc/12061El uso de esperma epidimal bovino todos los días ha ido ganando fuerza en las especies bovinas y se ha diseminado, como una técnica de conservación, manejo y mejoramiento genético, pero al mismo tiempo brinda una oportunidad a animales con un alto valor genético, económico, enfermos, accidentados, o que de repente pierden su vida y no pueden volver a reproducirse. En el siguiente trabajo se desea mostrar la aplicabilidad de la técnica, tanto en el ganado vacuno como en los sistemas lácteos se pueden descartar y sacrificar muchos animales sin ser utilizados para la reproducción, lo que convierte o representa una fuente no explotada de material genético, así como la forma en que Los espermatozoides deben conservarse hasta su uso en diversas técnicas de reproducción asistida. Este artículo se realizó con una amplia búsqueda de trabajos científicos en diferentes bases de datos y como parámetro de selección, utilizamos aquellos trabajos en los que describieron el uso de espermetazoides epidimales, su manejo, recolección y formas de crioconservación. El objetivo de este trabajo es informar y dar a conocer aspectos del uso del esperma epidimal, la preservación de los testículos, la espermatogénesis en el epidídimo, las técnicas de recolección y la conservación de los espermatozoides para su uso posterior. Se puede concluir que el uso de espermatozoides es una técnica reproductiva viable, que permite el mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales bovinos mediante crioconservación para su uso en diferentes técnicas de biotecnología reproductiva, tales como: inseminación artificial, embriones e inyección de ovocitos intracitoplásmicos o mantenida por congelación para su conservación durante periodos prolongados.The use of bovine epidimal sperm every day has been gaining strength in the bovine species and disseminated, as a technique of conservation, management and genetic improvement, but at the same time giving an opportunity to animals with a high genetic and economic value, which some disease, accident, or that suddenly lose their life can not reproduce again. In the following work wants to show the applicability of the technique, in cattle in both meat and milk systems can be discarded and slaughtered many animals without being used for reproduction, which converts or represents an unexploited source of genetic material as well as the way in which sperm must be conserved until its use in various techniques of assisted reproduction. This article was carried out with a wide search of scientific works in different databases and as a selection parameter we used those works where they described the use of epidimal spermetazoids, their management and collection ways to be cryopreserved. The objective of this paper is to inform and publicize aspects of the use of epidimal sperm, preservation of the testicles, spermatogenesis in the epididymis, types of collection and collection of lespermatozoids for later use. It can be concluded that the use of sperm is a viable reproductive technique, which allows the maintenance of bovine epidimal sperm by means of cryopreservation to be used in different techniques of reproductive biotechnology such as: artificial insemination, embryos and intracytoplasmic oocyte injection or maintained by freezing for the preservation of it for prolonged periods.jorgem.sanchez@campusucc.edu.co23Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Veterinaría y Zootecnia, IbaguéMedicina veterinaria y zootecniaIbaguéMejoramiento genéticoCriopreservaciónBovinosEspermatozoideEpidídimoProtocolos de colectaTG 2019 MVZ 12061Genetic improvementCryopreservationBovineSpermatozoonEpididymisCollection protocolsUso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.Trabajo de grado - Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAtribución – Sin Derivarinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Albers, A., Barrios, D. (2006). Movilidad individual de los espermatozoides epididimarios de toros postmorten obtenidos mediante lavado retrogrado. Zootecnia trop. 24(3), 267 – 280.Alapati, R., Stout, M., Saenz, J., Gentry, G., Godke, R., & Devireddy, R. (2009). Comparison of the permeability properties and post-thaw motility of ejaculated and epididymal bovine spermatozoa. Cryobiology. 59(2). 164-70.An L-Y., et al. (2017). Significant heparin effect on bovine embryo development during sexed in vitro fertilization. Journal of Reproduction and DevelopmentArias, M., Andara, K., Briones, E.,& Felmer R. (2017). Bovine sperm separation by Swim-up and density gradients (Percoll and BoviPure): Effect on sperm quality, function and gene expression. Reproductive Biology. 7.Benitez,E.,Chamba, H., Sanchez, E..,Luzon, F.,& Sanchez J. (2017). Evaluacion comparativa de dos métodos de recuperación espermática de epidídimos bovinos post – morten. Abanico Veterinario. 81(6), 59-74.Bertol, M., et al. (2016) In vitro and in vivo fertilization potential of cryopreserved spermatozoa from bull epididymides stored for up to 30 hours at ambient temperature (18 degrees C-20 degrees C). Theriogenology. 86. 1014–1021. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.Buranaamnuay, K., Sangsuwan, P., Changsangfa, C., Faisaikarm, T. &, Kaeoket, K. (2014). Influence of Discontinuous PureSperm and OptiPrep Gradient Centrifugations on Bovine Sperm Quality and the Sex Ratio of in vitro Produced Embryos Chiang Mai Journal of Science. 41(5) 1–12.Demyda-Peyra´s S., Dorado, J., Hidalgo, M., & Moreno-Milla´n M .(2013.) Influence of sperm fertilising concentration,sperm selection method and sperm capacitation procedure on the incidence of numerical chromosomal abnormalities in IVF early bovine embryos. Reproduction, fertility, and development. 16(6). 238 – 255.De Vos A, Nagy ZP, Van De Velde H, Joris H, Bocken G, et al. (1997) Percoll gradient centrifugation can be omitted in sperm preparation for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Human Reproduction. 12:1980–1984Fraser L, Drury L., (1976) .Effect of removal of epididymal secretions on fertilization in vitro of mouse eggs. Journal Reproduction Fertility 48. 125–128.Chaveiro A, Cerqueira C, Silva J, Franco J, Moreira da Silva F. (2015). Evaluation of frozen thawed cauda epididymal sperms and in vitro fertilizing potential of bovine sperm collected from the cauda epididymal. Iran J Vet Res. 16(2):188-93.Celeghini, E. (2007). Practical techniques for bovine sperm simultaneous fluorimetric assessment of plasma, acrosomal and mitochondrial membranes.Reproduction in Domestic Animals 42(1). 479–488. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.Cunha, A., et al.(2019) Bovine epididymal spermatozoa treatmen for in vitro fertilization: Heparin accelerates fertilization and enables a reduction in coincubation time. PLoS ONE.14(1): Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209692.Cunha A.,, Carvalho, J., Kussano, N., Martins, C., Mourão, & Dode, P., (2016). Bovine epididymal spermatozoa: Resistance to cryopreservation and binding ability to oviductal cells, Cryobiology. (16) 09.170 – 174.Cummins, J., (1976) Effects of epididymal occlusion on sperm maturation in the hamster. Journal of Experimental Zoology 197: 183–190.Dance, A., Thundathil, J., Blondin, P., & Kastelic, J. (2016). Enhanced early-life nutrition of Holstein bulls increases sperm production potential without decreasing post-pubertal semen quality. Theriogenology. 86: 687–694.Dode M., Rodovalho, N., Uenoa,G.,& Fernandes, C.,2002) The effect of sperm preparation and coincubation time on in vitro fertilization of bos indicus oocytes. Animal Reproduction Science 69.15–23.Fortes, M.et al (2014). Sperm protamine deficiency correlates with sperm DNA damage in Bos indicus bulls. J Androl 2: 370–378.Gwathmey, T., Ignotz, G., & Suarez, S.S (2003.) PDC-109 (BSP-A1/A2) promotes bull sperm binding to oviductal epithelium in vitro and may be involved in forming the oviductal sperm reservoir. Biology of reproduction 69. 809–815. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.102.010827.Hallap, T., Nagy, S., Jaakma, U., Johannisson, A.,& Rodriguez-Martinez, H. (2006) Usefulness of a triple fluorochrome combination Merocyanine 540/Yo-Pro 1/Hoechst 33342 in assessing membrane stability of viable frozen-thawed spermatozoa from Estonian Holstein AI bulls. Theriogenology 65: 1122–1136.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.07.009.Holm P (1988) Developmental kinetics of the first cell cycles of bovine in vitro produced embryos in relation to their in vitro viability and sex. Theriogenology 50: 1285–1299.Hossepian de Lima, V., Moreira-Filho, C., Lucio, A., Resende, M. (2011). Sexagem de espermatozoides bovinos por centrifugac¸ão em gradiente descontı´nuo de densidade de Percoll. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 40.James, A.(2004) .Preservation of sperm harvested from the rat, caprine, equine and bovine epididymis. PhD Thesis, Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, pp 1–234.Juyena, S., Stelletta, C., (2012) Seminal plasma: an essential attribute to spermatozoa. Journal of Andrology. 33.536–551. Recuerado de: https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.110.012583.Kadirvel, G.,et al. (2012). Porcine sperm bind to specific 6-sialylated biantennary glycans to form the oviduct reservoir. Biology of reproduction. 87. 147. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.112.103879.Klinc P, Rath D (2007) Reduction of oxidative stress in bovine spermatozoa during flow cytometric sorting. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 42(2). 63–67. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00730.x.Krishnakumar, S., Whiteside, D., Elkin B, & Thundathil, J., (2011) .Evaluation of an animal protein-free semen extender for cryopreservation of epididymal sperm from North American bison (Bison bison).Theriogenology 76: 252–260. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.02.001Losano, J.,et al. (2018). The addition of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) in extenders to epididymal sperm cryopreservation in bulls. Zygote. 26(3). 199-206.Machado, G., et al. (2009) Effect of Percoll volume, duration and force of centrifugation, on in vitro production and sex ratio of bovine embryos. Theriogenology. 71.1289–1297. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.01.002Matas, C., Sansegundo, M., Ruiz, S., Garcia-Vazquez, F., Gadea J., et al. (2010) Sperm treatment affects capacitation parameters and penetration ability of ejaculated and epididymal boar spermatozoa. Theriogenology 74: 1327–1340. Recuperado de:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.06.002.Martinez-Pasto,r F.,et al. (2006). Comparison of two methods for obtaining spermatozoa from the cauda epididymis of Iberian red deer. Theriogenology 65(2). 471–485. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.05.045.Martins, C., Rumpf R., Pereira, D., & Dode, M. (2007) Cryopreservation of epididymal bovine spermatozoa from dead animals and its uses in vitro embryo production. Anim Reprod Sci. 101(3-4):326-31.Martins, C., Driessen, K., Costa, P., Carvalho-Neto, J., de Sousa, R., Rumpf R, &Dode, M.(2009). Recovery, cryopreservation and fertilization potential of bovine spermatozoa obtained from epididymides stored at 5 degrees C by different periods of time. Anim Reprod Sci. 116(1-2). 50-7.Mendes, J., Burns, P., De La Torre-Sanchez J.,&, Seidel, G. (2003). Effect of heparin on cleavage rates and embryo production with four bovine sperm preparation protocols. Theriogenology 60: 331–340.Moura, A, Koc, H., Chapman DA, Killian GJ (2006) Identification of proteins in the accessory sex gland fluid associated with fertility indexes of dairy bulls: a proteomic approach. Journal of andrology 27.201–211. Recuperado de:https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.05089 PMID: 16278371Nichi, M., et al.(2017). Evaluation of epididymis storage temperature and cryopreservation conditions for improved mitochondrial membrane potential,membrane integrity, sperm motility and in vitro fertilization in bovine epididymal sperm. Reprod Domest Anim. 52(2). 257-263.Papa, M., et al. (2015). Different extenders in the cryopreservation of bovine epididymal spermatozoa. Anim. Reprod. Sci. Recuperado de: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.08.004.Pavlok, A.,et al. (1988). Fertilization of bovine oocytes in vitro:Effect of different sources of gametes on fertilization rate and frequency of fertilization anomalies. Animal reproduction Science. 16(2). 207–213.Parrish, J. (2014). Bovine in vitro fertilization: in vitro oocyte maturation and sperm capacitation with heparin. Theriogenology 81. 67–73. Recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.08.005.Parrish, J., Krogenaes, A., &Susko-Parrish, J. (1995) Effect of bovine sperm separation by either swim-up or Percoll method on success of in vitro fertilization and early embryonic development. Theriogenology. 44. 859–869.Rodriguez-Villamil, et al. (2016) Purificationof binder of sperm protein 1 (BSP1) and its effects on bovine in vitro embryo development after fertilization with ejaculated and epididymal sperm. Theriogenology. 85. 540–554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.044.Sepulveda, B., et al. (2017). Gradient sperm selection forreproductive techniques in cattle: Is Isolate a suitable replacement for Percoll?. International Journal of Andrology. e12921. 1–7.Silva, E., et al. (2014). Multiple proteins from ejaculated and epididymal porcine spermatozoa bind glycan motifs found in the oviduct. Andrology 2. 763–771. Recuperado de:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00249.Strand, J., et al.(2016). Effects of post-mortem storage conditions of bovine epididymides on sperm characteristics: investigating a tool for preservation of sperm from endangered species. Conserv Physiol. 29(4), recuperado de: htpp://cow069doi:10.1093/conphys/cow069. .Stout, M.,(2012). Comparison of epididymal and ejaculated sperm collected from the same Holstein bulls. Louisiania: University of Louisiania. 203 p.Sousa, R.,et al. (2017) Biopsy of bovine embryos produced in vivo and in vitro does not affect pregnancy rates. Theriogenology 90: 25–31.recuperado de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.11.003.Takeo, T., et al. (2014). Investigations of motility and fertilization potential in thawed cryopreserved mouse sperm from cold-stored epididymides. Cryobiology.68. 12–17.Therien, I., Moreau, R., Manjunath, P .(1998). Major Proteins of Bovine Seminal Plasma and High-Density Lipoprotein Induce Cholesterol Efflux from Epididymal Sperm. Biology of Reproduction. 59. 768–776.Turri, F., Madeddu, M., Gliozzi, T., Gandini, G.,& Pizzi, F. (2012) Influence of recovery methods and extenders on bull epididymal spermatozoa quality. Reprod Domest Anim 47: 712–717.Vianna, L., et al. (2014). Isolate and Optiprep minigradients as alternatives for sperm selection in bovine in vitro embryo production. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 94. 35–42.Young, C., et al.(2013). Development of a sperm cryopreservation protocol for the Argentine black and white tegu (Tupinambis merianae). Reprod Fertil Dev. 26.(1). 168–169.PublicationLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-84334https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/e61db28c-3d43-46aa-9b80-f1cf2b95776a/download3bce4f7ab09dfc588f126e1e36e98a45MD53ORIGINAL2019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento.pdf2019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento.pdfapplication/pdf417716https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/ae2eeb11-7c22-4d2d-9eb7-6d3fa6044822/downloadf9e1f502cb0b995080aea47273221325MD512019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento-FormatoLicenciaUso.docx2019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento-FormatoLicenciaUso.docxapplication/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document54743https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/96b81299-1d3d-499c-a03d-30fbf848bed1/download1280aa8613418c2f78dea96e18db5cc8MD52THUMBNAIL2019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento.pdf.jpg2019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5011https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/4b0f7c2f-5558-414a-b9e7-74c53fada772/downloade637be8cb460d8878d1ba7f3243aa2b8MD54TEXT2019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento.pdf.txt2019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain38009https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/2f189f38-bf40-4549-919d-bd3d9deb76af/download2ec3e966f9882f80207b409e81685928MD552019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento-FormatoLicenciaUso.docx.txt2019_uso_manejo_mantenimiento-FormatoLicenciaUso.docx.txtExtracted texttext/plain3511https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/46ec4607-a5e5-4125-911d-a7c44c31a30a/downloadb1f5f1321af28ad6549b82d109fdcce5MD5620.500.12494/12061oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/120612024-08-09 12:43:04.926open.accesshttps://repository.ucc.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad Cooperativa de Colombiabdigital@metabiblioteca.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

Uso, manejo y mantenimiento de espermatozoides epidimales en bovinos.

Publicaciones similares