Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática
Introducción: La diabetes gestacional o diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) se define como intolerancia a la glucosa con inicio o reconocimiento por primera vez durante el embarazo, Objetivo: Establecer los factores de riesgo asociados a la diabetes mellitus gestacional mediante una revisión sistemá...
- Autores:
-
Buenahora Monsalve, Lorena
Guarnizo Martinez, Cindy Paola
Villafañe Hernandez, Andrea Carolina
- Tipo de recurso:
- Tesis
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio UCC
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/57236
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/57236
- Palabra clave:
- Complicaciones del embarazo
Diabetes gestacional
Embarazo
Epidemiología
Factores de riesgo
Pregnancy complications
Gestational diabetes
Pregnancy
Epidemiology
Risk factors
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática |
title |
Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática |
spellingShingle |
Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática Complicaciones del embarazo Diabetes gestacional Embarazo Epidemiología Factores de riesgo Pregnancy complications Gestational diabetes Pregnancy Epidemiology Risk factors |
title_short |
Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática |
title_full |
Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática |
title_fullStr |
Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática |
title_sort |
Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Buenahora Monsalve, Lorena Guarnizo Martinez, Cindy Paola Villafañe Hernandez, Andrea Carolina |
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Reyes Rios Luz Angela |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Buenahora Monsalve, Lorena Guarnizo Martinez, Cindy Paola Villafañe Hernandez, Andrea Carolina |
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Complicaciones del embarazo Diabetes gestacional Embarazo Epidemiología Factores de riesgo |
topic |
Complicaciones del embarazo Diabetes gestacional Embarazo Epidemiología Factores de riesgo Pregnancy complications Gestational diabetes Pregnancy Epidemiology Risk factors |
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Pregnancy complications Gestational diabetes Pregnancy Epidemiology Risk factors |
description |
Introducción: La diabetes gestacional o diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) se define como intolerancia a la glucosa con inicio o reconocimiento por primera vez durante el embarazo, Objetivo: Establecer los factores de riesgo asociados a la diabetes mellitus gestacional mediante una revisión sistemática. Materiales y métodos: se utilizó la metodología de PRISMA, se consultaron bases de datos científicas como Google Scholar, Scopus de Elsevier, EBSCOhost Research en MEDLINE Ultimate y Proquest Biological Science Database. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 38 registros que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión propuestos en el estudio, de acuerdo con la metodología PRISMA. Se estimó una prevalencia promedio de 18,32%. La mayor prevalencia de DMG se presentó en México con un 44,54% y la más baja con el 5,65% se presentó en Suiza. La edad > a 30 años constituye el factor de riesgo más importante con un OR 4,55. El sobrepeso u obesidad con índices de masa corporal ≥25 kg m–2, se reporta como otro factor de riesgo importante para DMG, con un promedio de OR 2,56 en mujeres. |
publishDate |
2024 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-11T16:16:47Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-11T16:16:47Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-04 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado - Especialización |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042 http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_93fc |
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http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/WP |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
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Buenahora Monsalve, L., Guarnizo Martinez, C. P. y Villafañe Hernandez, A. C. (2024). Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática. [Tesis de Posgrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/57236 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/57236 |
identifier_str_mv |
Buenahora Monsalve, L., Guarnizo Martinez, C. P. y Villafañe Hernandez, A. C. (2024). Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática. [Tesis de Posgrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/57236 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/57236 |
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Moreno B, Muñoz M, Cuellar J, Domancic S, Villanueva J. Revisiones Sistemáticas: definición y nociones básicas. Revista clínica de periodoncia, implantología y rehabilitación oral. 2018;11(3):184–6. PRISMA 2009 Checklist [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2024 May 27]. Available from: https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/7/6/e015557/DC1/embed/inline-supplementary-material-1.pdf?download=true Urrútia G, Yepes-Nuñez JJ, Romero-Garcia M, Alonso-Fernandez S. The PRISMA 2020 statement:: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2021;74(9):790–9. Alejandro EU, Mamerto TP, Chung G, Villavieja A, Gaus NL, Morgan E, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus: a harbinger of the vicious cycle of diabetes. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(14):5003. Koning SH, van Zanden JJ, Hoogenberg K, Lutgers HL, Klomp AW, Korteweg FJ, et al. New diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus and their impact on the number of diagnoses and pregnancy outcomes. Diabetologia. 2018;61:800–9. Anna V, Van Der Ploeg HP, Cheung NW, Huxley RR, Bauman AE. Sociodemographic correlates of the increasing trend in prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in a large population of women between 1995 and 2005. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(12):2288–93. Morikawa M, Yamada T, Akaishi R, Kojima T, Nishida R, Koyama T, et al. Prevalence of hyperglycaemia in singleton versus twin pregnancy. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2015;31(2):198–203. Clausen TD, Mathiesen ER, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Jensen DM, Lauenborg J, et al. Overweight and the metabolic syndrome in adult offspring of women with diet-treated gestational diabetes mellitus or type 1 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(7):2464–70. Rauh-Hain JA, Rana S, Tamez H, Wang A, Cohen B, Cohen A, et al. Risk for developing gestational diabetes in women with twin pregnancies. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. 2009;22(4):293–9. Bao W, Michels KB, Tobias DK, Li S, Chavarro JE, Gaskins AJ, et al. Parental smoking during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes in the daughter. Int J Epidemiol. 2016;45(1):160–9. Solomon CG, Willett WC, Carey VJ, Rich-Edwards J, Hunter DJ, Colditz GA, et al. A prospective study of pregravid determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus. JAMA. 1997;278(13):1078–83. Zhang C, Solomon CG, Manson JE, Hu FB. A prospective study of pregravid physical activity and sedentary behaviors in relation to the risk for gestational diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(5):543–8. Daly B, Toulis KA, Thomas N, Gokhale K, Martin J, Webber J, et al. Increased risk of ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus, a target group in general practice for preventive interventions: a population-based cohort study. PLoS Med. 2018;15(1):e1002488. Retnakaran R, Shah BR. Role of type 2 diabetes in determining retinal, renal, and cardiovascular outcomes in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(1):101–8. Lauenborg J, Mathiesen E, Hansen T, Glumer C, Jørgensen T, Borch-Johnsen K, et al. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in a Danish population of women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus is three-fold higher than in the general population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(7):4004–10. Berggren EK, Presley L, Amini SB, Hauguel-de Mouzon S, Catalano PM. Are the metabolic changes of pregnancy reversible in the first year postpartum? Diabetologia. 2015;58:1561–8. Åberg A, Rydhström H, Källén B, Källén K. Impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy is associated with increased fetal mortality in preceding sibs. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1997;76(3):212–7. Casey BM, Lucas MJ, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. Pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes compared with the general obstetric population. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 1997;90(6):869–73. Gyasi-Antwi P, Walker L, Moody C, Okyere S, Salt K, Anang L, et al. Global prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. New American Journal of Medicine. 2020;1(3):1–10. Paulo MS, Abdo NM, Bettencourt-Silva R, Al-Rifai RH. Gestational diabetes mellitus in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021;12:691033. Gorban de Lapertosa S, Sucani S, Salzberg S, Alvariñas J, Faingold C, Jawerbaum A, et al. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Argentina according to the Latin American Diabetes Association (ALAD) and International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) diagnostic criteria and the associated maternal-neonatal complications. Health Care Women Int. 2021;42(4–6):636–56. Santos PA dos, Madi JM, Silva ER da, Vergani D de OP, Araújo BF de, Garcia RMR. Gestational diabetes in the population served by Brazilian Public Health Care. Prevalence and risk factors. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42:12–8. Garmendia ML, Mondschein S, Montiel B, Kusanovic JP. Trends and predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus in Chile. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2020;148(2):210–8. Cortés H, Ocampo I, Villegas A. Prevalencia de diabetes mellitus gestacional en una población de Medellín de 1999-2000: valor predictivo positivo de la prueba de tamiz y comparación de los criterios de la NDGG y la ADA. Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol. 2002;53(1). Burbano-López RM, Castaño-Castrillón JJ, González-Castellanos L, González-Henao HS, Quintero-Ospina JD, de Jesús Revelo-Imbacuan L, et al. Frecuencia de diabetes mellitus gestacional y factores de riesgo en gestantes atendidas en clínicas de ASSBASALUD ESE, Manizales (Colombia), 2011-2012: estudio de corte transversal. Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol. 2014;65(4):338–45. Ruiz-Hoyos BM, Londoño-Franco ÁL, Ramírez-Aristizábal RA. Prevalencia de Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional por curva de tolerancia a la glucosa en semanas 24 a 28. Cohorte prospectiva en Armenia Colombia, 2015-2016. Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol. 2018;69(2):108–16. Rincón Torres D, Villamizar Maldonado K. Incidencia de diabetes gestacional en Bucaramanga durante los años 2016 y 2017 [Tesis de pregrado]. [ Bucaramanga, Santander (Colombia)]: Universidad de Santander, UDES; 2018. Tuesca Molina R, Acosta Vergara T, Domínguez Lozano B, Ricaurte C, Mendoza Charris H, Flórez-Lozano K, et al. Diabetes gestacional: implementación de una guía para su detección en la atención primaria de salud. Rev Med Chil. 2019;147(2):190–8. Xiang AH, Wang X, Martinez MP, Getahun D, Page KA, Buchanan TA, et al. Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes during pregnancy and risk of ADHD in offspring. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(12):2502–8. Committee on Obstetric Practice [ACOG]. ACOG practice bulletin no. 190: gestational diabetes mellitus. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2018;131(2):e49–64. Sacks DA, Hadden DR, Maresh M, Deerochanawong C, Dyer AR, Metzger BE, et al. Frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus at collaborating centers based on IADPSG consensus panel–recommended criteria: the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(3):526–8. Ministerio de Salud de Colombia. Resolución Número 8430 de 1993 “Por la cual se establecen las normas científicas, técnicas y administrativas para la investigación en salud” [Internet]. 1993. Available from: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/DE/DIJ/RESOLUCION-8430-DE-1993.PDF Haddaway NR, Page MJ, Pritchard CC, McGuinness LA. PRISMA2020: An R package and Shiny app for producing PRISMA 2020-compliant flow diagrams, with interactivity for optimised digital transparency and Open Synthesis. Campbell Systematic Reviews [Internet]. 2022 Jun 1;18(2):e1230. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1230 Costa E, Kirckpartick C, Gerday C, De Kempeneer A, Derisbourg S, Vercoutere A, et al. Change in prevalence of gestational diabetes and obstetric complications when applying IADPSG screening criteria in a Belgian French speaking University Hospital. A retrospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019;19:1–8. Phiri TJ, Kasiya M, Allain TJ. Full Prevalence Of Gestational Diabetes In Urban Women In Blantyre, Malawi: A Cross Sectional Study And Comparison Of Who And IADPSG Criteria. 2019; Lucovnik M, Steblovnik L, Verdenik I, Premru‐Srsen T, Tomazic M, Tul N. Changes in perinatal outcomes after implementation of IADPSG criteria for screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus: a national survey. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2020;149(1):88–92. Muche AA, Olayemi OO, Gete YK. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and associated factors among women attending antenatal care at Gondar town public health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019;19:1–13. Telejko B, Kuzmicki M, Kretowska MZ, Szamatowicz J, Kretowski A. A comparison of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups recommendations with former criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes. 2019;127(06):359–66. Dickson LM, Buchmann EJ, Janse Van Rensburg C, Norris SA. The impact of differences in plasma glucose between glucose oxidase and hexokinase methods on estimated gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):7238. Rajasekar G, Muliyil DE, Cherian AG, Prasad JH, Mohan VR. Prevalence and factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal women at a rural health center in Vellore. J Assoc Physicians India. 2019;67(4):42–7. Gorban de Lapertosa S, Sucani S, Salzberg S, Alvariñas J, Faingold C, Jawerbaum A, et al. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Argentina according to the Latin American Diabetes Association (ALAD) and International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) diagnostic criteria and the associated maternal-neonatal complications. Health Care Women Int. 2021;42(4–6):636–56. Todi S, Sagili H, Kamalanathan SK. Comparison of criteria of International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) for diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2020;302:47–52. Koivunen S, Viljakainen M, Männistö T, Gissler M, Pouta A, Kaaja R, et al. Pregnancy outcomes according to the definition of gestational diabetes. PLoS One. 2020;15(3):e0229496. Redman LM, Drews KL, Klein S, Van Horn L, Wing RR, Pi-Sunyer X, et al. Attenuated early pregnancy weight gain by prenatal lifestyle interventions does not prevent gestational diabetes in the LIFE-Moms consortium. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021;171:108549. España-Dorado SA, González-Dagua YC, Riascos-Melo JJ, Ortiz-Martínez RA, Chagüendo-García JE. Prevalence of gestational diabetes and identification of associated factors and maternal-perinatal outcomes in Colombia following the implementation of the IADPSG criteria. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina. 2021;69(2). Pavic M, Premuzic V, Zovak Pavic A, Bevanda M, Mihaljevic S, Oreskovic S. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and perinatal outcomes according to the old WHO criteria and IADPSG criteria. Psychiatr Danub. 2021;33(suppl 10):30–6. Pavic M, Premuzic V, Zovak Pavic A, Bevanda M, Mihaljevic S, Oreskovic S. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and perinatal outcomes according to the old WHO criteria and IADPSG criteria. Psychiatr Danub. 2021;33(suppl 10):30–6. Saravanan P, Sukumar N, Adaikalakoteswari A, Goljan I, Venkataraman H, Gopinath A, et al. Association of maternal vitamin B 12 and folate levels in early pregnancy with gestational diabetes: a prospective UK cohort study (PRiDE study). Diabetologia. 2021;64:2170–82. unnose J, Malhotra RK, Sukhija K, Sharma A, Vij P, Rijhwani RM, et al. Prevalence of ‘hyperglycemia in pregnancy’remained stable between 2006 and 2015, despite rise in conventional risk factors: a hospital based study in Delhi, North India. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021;177:108872. unnose J, Malhotra RK, Sukhija K, Sharma A, Vij P, Rijhwani RM, et al. Prevalence of ‘hyperglycemia in pregnancy’remained stable between 2006 and 2015, despite rise in conventional risk factors: a hospital based study in Delhi, North India. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021;177:108872. Loo EXL, Zhang Y, Yap QV, Yu G, Soh SE, Loy SL, et al. Comparative epidemiology of gestational diabetes in ethnic Chinese from Shanghai birth cohort and growing up in Singapore towards healthy outcomes cohort. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021;21:1–12. Larebo YM, Ermolo NA. Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus among women attending antenatal care in Hadiya zone public hospitals, southern nation Nationality people region. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021(1):5564668. Khursheed R, Shivalingappa J, Maldar A, Dalal A. Prevalence, Clinical Profile, and Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India. Journal of the Scientific Society. 2022;49(3):265–71. Boadu WIO, Kugblenu P, Senu E, Opoku S, Anto EO. Prevalence and risk factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women: a cross-sectional study in Ghana. Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare. 2022;3:854332. Zanardo V, Tortora D, Sandri A, Severino L, Mesirca P, Straface G. COVID-19 pandemic: Impact on gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2022;183:109149. Nguyen CL, Lee AH, Minh Pham N, Hoang Nguyen PT, Ha AV Van, Khac Chu T, et al. Prevalence and pregnancy outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus by different international diagnostic criteria: a prospective cohort study in Vietnam. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. 2020;33(21):3706–12. Ortíz RV, Reyna-Beltrán E, Requena-Rivera CA, Tapia AT. Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus according to the IADPSG and NICE criteria in Mexico. Revista del Centro de Investigación de la Universidad la Salle. 2023;15(60):1–32. Scheuer CM, Jensen DM, McIntyre HD, Ringholm L, Mathiesen ER, Nielsen CPK, et al. Applying WHO2013 diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus reveals currently untreated women at increased risk. Acta Diabetol. 2023;60(12):1663–73. Walkowiak MJ, Jamka M, Walkowiak MP, Gutaj P, Wender-Ożegowska E. Seasonal Pattern in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Poland: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Biology (Basel). 2023;12(11):1376. Lappe V, Greiner GG, Linnenkamp U, Viehmann A, Adamczewski H, Kaltheuner M, et al. Gestational diabetes in Germany—prevalence, trend during the past decade and utilization of follow-up care: an observational study. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):16157. Deitch J, Yates CJ, Hamblin PS, Kevat D, Shahid I, Teale G, et al. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus, maternal obesity and associated perinatal outcomes over 10 years in an Australian tertiary maternity provider. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2023;203:110793. Sobngwi E, Sobngwi-Tambekou J, Katte JC, Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Balti E V, Kengne AP, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus in Cameroon: prevalence, risk factors and screening strategies. Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare. 2024;4:1272333. Jamal WZ, Khan FR, Zuberi N, Kazmi SMR, Rozi S. Association of periodontal disease with gestational diabetes mellitus among postpartum women at a private tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):9951. Zhang T, Tian M, Zhang P, Du L, Ma X, Zhang Y, et al. Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus by age: a multicentric cohort study in Hebei, China. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):807. Zeng X, Zhan Y, Zhou W, Qiu Z, Wang T, Chen Q, et al. The Influence of Airborne Particulate Matter on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Large Retrospective Study in Chongqing, China. Toxics. 2023;12(1):19. |
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Reyes Rios Luz AngelaBuenahora Monsalve, LorenaGuarnizo Martinez, Cindy PaolaVillafañe Hernandez, Andrea Carolina2024-10-11T16:16:47Z2024-10-11T16:16:47Z2024-10-04Buenahora Monsalve, L., Guarnizo Martinez, C. P. y Villafañe Hernandez, A. C. (2024). Factores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemática. [Tesis de Posgrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/57236https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/57236Introducción: La diabetes gestacional o diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) se define como intolerancia a la glucosa con inicio o reconocimiento por primera vez durante el embarazo, Objetivo: Establecer los factores de riesgo asociados a la diabetes mellitus gestacional mediante una revisión sistemática. Materiales y métodos: se utilizó la metodología de PRISMA, se consultaron bases de datos científicas como Google Scholar, Scopus de Elsevier, EBSCOhost Research en MEDLINE Ultimate y Proquest Biological Science Database. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 38 registros que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión propuestos en el estudio, de acuerdo con la metodología PRISMA. Se estimó una prevalencia promedio de 18,32%. La mayor prevalencia de DMG se presentó en México con un 44,54% y la más baja con el 5,65% se presentó en Suiza. La edad > a 30 años constituye el factor de riesgo más importante con un OR 4,55. El sobrepeso u obesidad con índices de masa corporal ≥25 kg m–2, se reporta como otro factor de riesgo importante para DMG, con un promedio de OR 2,56 en mujeres. Introduction: Gestational diabetes or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Objective: To establish the risk factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus through a systematic review. Materials and methods: The PRISMA methodology was used, consulting scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Elsevier's Scopus, EBSCOhost Research in MEDLINE Ultimate and Proquest Biological Science Database. Results: 38 records that met the inclusion criteria proposed in the study were selected, according to the PRISMA methodology. An average prevalence of 18.32% was estimated. The highest prevalence of GDM occurred in Mexico with 44.54% and the lowest with 5.65% occurred in Switzerland. Age > 30 years is the most important risk factor with an OR 4.55. Overweight or obesity with body mass indexes ≥25 kg m–2 is reported as another important risk factor for GDM, with an average OR 2.56 in women.EspecializaciónEspecialista en Epidemiología27 p.application/pdfspaUniversidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa MartaEspecialización en finanzas e intervención comunitariaCiencias de la SaludSanta MartaSanta MartaFactores de riesgo en la diabetes gestacional: revisión sistemáticaTrabajo de grado - Especializaciónhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46echttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_8042http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_93fcTextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/reporthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/WPinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionMoreno B, Muñoz M, Cuellar J, Domancic S, Villanueva J. Revisiones Sistemáticas: definición y nociones básicas. 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