Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial
Luego de una exhaustiva revisión de literatura y del mercado se encuentra una limitante entre el uso de nuevas tecnologías que permiten mejores y más eficaces consultas y tratamientos para los pacientes y los costos de estas. Buscando una solución pertinente se propone la implementación de 3 técnica...
- Autores:
-
Pérez Cuartas, David
Palacio Garzón, Manuela
Enríquez Rodríguez, Juan Camilo
- Tipo de recurso:
- Trabajo de grado de pregrado
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2018
- Institución:
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio UCC
- Idioma:
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/45203
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/45203
- Palabra clave:
- Analisis facial
Skanect
TG 2018 ODO 45203
- Rights
- closedAccess
- License
- NINGUNA
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial |
title |
Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial |
spellingShingle |
Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial Analisis facial Skanect TG 2018 ODO 45203 |
title_short |
Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial |
title_full |
Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial |
title_fullStr |
Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial |
title_full_unstemmed |
Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial |
title_sort |
Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Pérez Cuartas, David Palacio Garzón, Manuela Enríquez Rodríguez, Juan Camilo |
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Duque Vélez, Constanza Elena |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Pérez Cuartas, David Palacio Garzón, Manuela Enríquez Rodríguez, Juan Camilo |
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv |
Analisis facial Skanect |
topic |
Analisis facial Skanect TG 2018 ODO 45203 |
dc.subject.classification.spa.fl_str_mv |
TG 2018 ODO 45203 |
description |
Luego de una exhaustiva revisión de literatura y del mercado se encuentra una limitante entre el uso de nuevas tecnologías que permiten mejores y más eficaces consultas y tratamientos para los pacientes y los costos de estas. Buscando una solución pertinente se propone la implementación de 3 técnicas: fotogrametría, videogrametría y videogrametría estereoscópica, las cuales pueden realizarse con dispositivos alternos dando resolución al problema de la baja inclusión de los clínicos con herramientas diagnósticas de última tecnología. Para tal fin se va a realizar guías procedimentales paso a paso con las indicaciones detalladas para las tomas de las adquisiciones. Paso seguido, se va a realizar una evaluación comparativa entre las mediciones de las técnicas de adquisición tomadas en 50 pacientes en contraste con mediciones tomadas directamente sobre los mismos para determinar aquella que cumpla con las mejores características en términos de eficacia, facilidad, reproducibilidad y efectividad. Se espera que el alcance de la investigación concluya en la inclusión de herramientas diagnósticas clínicas de último desarrollo y el abordaje de los profesionales en estas, para incitar el desarrollo y la evolución de la práctica odontológica en la marcha del progreso tecnológico. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-03-15 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-06-03T18:54:10Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-06-03T18:54:10Z |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo de grado - Pregrado |
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
format |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f |
status_str |
acceptedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/45203 |
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv |
Pérez Cuartas, D., Palacio Garzón, M. y Enríquez Rodríguez, J. C. (2018). Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. https://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/20.500.12494/45203 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/45203 |
identifier_str_mv |
Pérez Cuartas, D., Palacio Garzón, M. y Enríquez Rodríguez, J. C. (2018). Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. https://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/20.500.12494/45203 |
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv |
Davidowitz G, Kotick PG. The Use of CAD/CAM in Dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2011;55(3):559–70. van Noort R, Duret F, Preston JD, Miyazaki T, Hotta Y, Kunii J, et al. The future of dental devices is digital. Dent Mater [Internet]. 2012 Jan [cited 2016 Sep 5];28(1):3–12. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0109564111008955 Hull C, Spence S, Albert D, Steinberg P, Tarnoff H, Williams C, et al. CAD/CAM Stereolithographic data conversion [Internet]. United States of America: US PATENTS DEPARTMENT; WO 1989010256 A1, 1989. Available from: https://www.google.com/patents/WO1989010256A1?cl=en Gruen A. Fundamentals of videogrametry - A review. Hum Mov Sci. 1997;16:155–87. Zamora N, Cibrián R, Gandia J-L, Paredes V. A new 3D method for measuring cranio-facial relationships with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Med oral, Patol oral y cirugía bucal [Internet]. 2013 Jul [cited 2016 Sep 5];18(4):e706-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23524427 Astrahan MM, Jacobs JF. History of the Design of the SAGE Computer-The AN/FSQ-7. IEEE Ann Hist Comput [Internet]. 1983 Oct [cited 2016 Sep 11];5(4):340–9. Available from: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/lpdocs/epic03/wrapper.htm?arnumber=4640769 Manovich L. Understanding Meta-Media. CTheory. 2005;0(0):10–26/2005. Li RWK, Chow TW, Matinlinna JP. Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD/CAM technology: State of the art. J Prosthodont Res. 2014;58(4):208–16 Logozzo S, Zanetti EM, Franceschini G, Kilpelä A, Mäkynen A. Recent advances in dental optics - Part I: 3D intraoral scanners for restorative dentistry. Opt Lasers Eng. 2014; Aynechi N, Larson BE, Leon-Salazar V, Beiraghi S. Accuracy and precision of a 3D anthropometric facial analysis with and without landmark labeling before image acquisition. Angle Orthod. 2011;81(2):245–52. FERNANDES TMF, ADAMCZYK J, POLETI ML, HENRIQUES JFC, FRIEDLAND B, GARIB DG, et al. Comparison between 3D volumetric rendering and multiplanar slices on the reliability of linear measurements on CBCT images: an in vitro study. J Appl Oral Sci [Internet]. 2015 Feb [cited 2016 Sep 9];23(1):56–63. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572015000100056&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en Medelnik J, Hertrich K, Steinhäuser-Andresen S, Hirschfelder U, Hofmann E. Accuracy of anatomical landmark identification using different CBCT- and MSCT-based 3D images. J Orofac Orthop / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie [Internet]. 2011 Aug 8 [cited 2016 Sep 5];72(4):261–78. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00056-011-0032-5 Zamora, Carlos ; Zamora J. Analisis clinico facial de arnett y bregman. In: Atlas de la cefalometria. Amolca; 2002. p. 213–41. Michele C, Federica A, Roberto DG, Alessandro S. Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Cephalometry Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans. J Craniofac Surg [Internet]. 2015 Jun [cited 2016 Sep 5];26(4):e311–5. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&an=00001665-201506000-00142 Specifications H, Specifications MA. Geospatial Modeling & Visualization. Octavian C. Bioengineering Applications of 3D Scanning and Reconstruction Using a Depth Sensor. [cited 2018 Feb 25]; Available from: https://bbibliograficas.ucc.edu.co:2149/docview/1901764745/60C91BCF77334D96PQ/1?accountid=44394 Rosell-Polo JR, Auat Cheein F, Gregorio E, Andújar D, Puigdomènech L, Masip J, et al. Advances in Structured Light Sensors Applications in Precision Agriculture and Livestock Farming. Adv Agron [Internet]. 2015 Jan 1 [cited 2018 Feb 25];133:71–112. Available from: https://bbibliograficas.ucc.edu.co:2152/science/article/pii/S0065211315001078 1. Davidowitz G, Kotick PG. The Use of CAD/CAM in Dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2011;55(3):559–70. 2. van Noort R, Duret F, Preston JD, Miyazaki T, Hotta Y, Kunii J, et al. The future of dental devices is digital. Dent Mater [Internet]. 2012 Jan [cited 2016 Sep 5];28(1):3–12. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0109564111008955 3. Hull C, Spence S, Albert D, Steinberg P, Tarnoff H, Williams C, et al. CAD/CAM Stereolithographic data conversion [Internet]. United States of America: US PATENTS DEPARTMENT; WO 1989010256 A1, 1989. Available from: https://www.google.com/patents/WO1989010256A1?cl=en 4. Gruen A. Fundamentals of videogrametry - A review. Hum Mov Sci. 1997;16:155–87. 5. Zamora N, Cibrián R, Gandia J-L, Paredes V. A new 3D method for measuring cranio-facial relationships with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Med oral, Patol oral y cirugía bucal [Internet]. 2013 Jul [cited 2016 Sep 5];18(4):e706-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23524427 6. Astrahan MM, Jacobs JF. History of the Design of the SAGE Computer-The AN/FSQ-7. IEEE Ann Hist Comput [Internet]. 1983 Oct [cited 2016 Sep 11];5(4):340–9. Available from: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/lpdocs/epic03/wrapper.htm?arnumber=4640769 7. Manovich L. Understanding Meta-Media. CTheory. 2005;0(0):10–26/2005. 8. Li RWK, Chow TW, Matinlinna JP. Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD/CAM technology: State of the art. J Prosthodont Res. 2014;58(4):208–16. 9. Logozzo S, Zanetti EM, Franceschini G, Kilpelä A, Mäkynen A. Recent advances in dental optics - Part I: 3D intraoral scanners for restorative dentistry. Opt Lasers Eng. 2014; 10. Aynechi N, Larson BE, Leon-Salazar V, Beiraghi S. Accuracy and precision of a 3D anthropometric facial analysis with and without landmark labeling before image acquisition. Angle Orthod. 2011;81(2):245–52. 11. FERNANDES TMF, ADAMCZYK J, POLETI ML, HENRIQUES JFC, FRIEDLAND B, GARIB DG, et al. Comparison between 3D volumetric rendering and multiplanar slices on the reliability of linear measurements on CBCT images: an in vitro study. J Appl Oral Sci [Internet]. 2015 Feb [cited 2016 Sep 9];23(1):56–63. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572015000100056&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en 12. Medelnik J, Hertrich K, Steinhäuser-Andresen S, Hirschfelder U, Hofmann E. Accuracy of anatomical landmark identification using different CBCT- and MSCT-based 3D images. J Orofac Orthop / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie [Internet]. 2011 Aug 8 [cited 2016 Sep 5];72(4):261–78. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00056-011-0032-5 13. Zamora, Carlos ; Zamora J. Analisis clinico facial de arnett y bregman. In: Atlas de la cefalometria. Amolca; 2002. p. 213–41. 14. Michele C, Federica A, Roberto DG, Alessandro S. Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Cephalometry Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans. J Craniofac Surg [Internet]. 2015 Jun [cited 2016 Sep 5];26(4):e311–5. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&an=00001665-201506000-00142 15. Specifications H, Specifications MA. Geospatial Modeling & Visualization. 16. Octavian C. Bioengineering Applications of 3D Scanning and Reconstruction Using a Depth Sensor. [cited 2018 Feb 25]; Available from: https://bbibliograficas.ucc.edu.co:2149/docview/1901764745/60C91BCF77334D96PQ/1?accountid=44394 17. Rosell-Polo JR, Auat Cheein F, Gregorio E, Andújar D, Puigdomènech L, Masip J, et al. Advances in Structured Light Sensors Applications in Precision Agriculture and Livestock Farming. Adv Agron [Internet]. 2015 Jan 1 [cited 2018 Feb 25];133:71–112. Available from: https://bbibliograficas.ucc.edu.co:2152/science/article/pii/S0065211315001078 18. Ricketts RM. Cephalometric synthesis: An exercise in stating objectives and planning treatment with tracings of the head roentgenogram. Am J Orthod [Internet]. 1960 Sep 1 [cited 2018 Feb 25];46(9):647–73. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/000294166090172X?via%3Dihub |
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Duque Vélez, Constanza ElenaPérez Cuartas, DavidPalacio Garzón, ManuelaEnríquez Rodríguez, Juan Camilo2022-06-03T18:54:10Z2022-06-03T18:54:10Z2018-03-15https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/45203Pérez Cuartas, D., Palacio Garzón, M. y Enríquez Rodríguez, J. C. (2018). Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facial. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional UCC. https://repository.ucc.edu.co/handle/20.500.12494/45203Luego de una exhaustiva revisión de literatura y del mercado se encuentra una limitante entre el uso de nuevas tecnologías que permiten mejores y más eficaces consultas y tratamientos para los pacientes y los costos de estas. Buscando una solución pertinente se propone la implementación de 3 técnicas: fotogrametría, videogrametría y videogrametría estereoscópica, las cuales pueden realizarse con dispositivos alternos dando resolución al problema de la baja inclusión de los clínicos con herramientas diagnósticas de última tecnología. Para tal fin se va a realizar guías procedimentales paso a paso con las indicaciones detalladas para las tomas de las adquisiciones. Paso seguido, se va a realizar una evaluación comparativa entre las mediciones de las técnicas de adquisición tomadas en 50 pacientes en contraste con mediciones tomadas directamente sobre los mismos para determinar aquella que cumpla con las mejores características en términos de eficacia, facilidad, reproducibilidad y efectividad. Se espera que el alcance de la investigación concluya en la inclusión de herramientas diagnósticas clínicas de último desarrollo y el abordaje de los profesionales en estas, para incitar el desarrollo y la evolución de la práctica odontológica en la marcha del progreso tecnológico.david.perezc@campusucc.edu.co20 p.Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Odontología, Medellín y EnvigadoOdontologíaMedellínAnalisis facialSkanectTG 2018 ODO 45203Validacion de 3 tecnicas de adquisicion 3D para el analisis facialTrabajo de grado - Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionNINGUNAinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbDavidowitz G, Kotick PG. The Use of CAD/CAM in Dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2011;55(3):559–70.van Noort R, Duret F, Preston JD, Miyazaki T, Hotta Y, Kunii J, et al. The future of dental devices is digital. Dent Mater [Internet]. 2012 Jan [cited 2016 Sep 5];28(1):3–12. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0109564111008955Hull C, Spence S, Albert D, Steinberg P, Tarnoff H, Williams C, et al. CAD/CAM Stereolithographic data conversion [Internet]. United States of America: US PATENTS DEPARTMENT; WO 1989010256 A1, 1989. Available from: https://www.google.com/patents/WO1989010256A1?cl=enGruen A. Fundamentals of videogrametry - A review. Hum Mov Sci. 1997;16:155–87.Zamora N, Cibrián R, Gandia J-L, Paredes V. A new 3D method for measuring cranio-facial relationships with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Med oral, Patol oral y cirugía bucal [Internet]. 2013 Jul [cited 2016 Sep 5];18(4):e706-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23524427Astrahan MM, Jacobs JF. History of the Design of the SAGE Computer-The AN/FSQ-7. IEEE Ann Hist Comput [Internet]. 1983 Oct [cited 2016 Sep 11];5(4):340–9. Available from: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/lpdocs/epic03/wrapper.htm?arnumber=4640769Manovich L. Understanding Meta-Media. CTheory. 2005;0(0):10–26/2005.Li RWK, Chow TW, Matinlinna JP. Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD/CAM technology: State of the art. J Prosthodont Res. 2014;58(4):208–16Logozzo S, Zanetti EM, Franceschini G, Kilpelä A, Mäkynen A. Recent advances in dental optics - Part I: 3D intraoral scanners for restorative dentistry. Opt Lasers Eng. 2014;Aynechi N, Larson BE, Leon-Salazar V, Beiraghi S. Accuracy and precision of a 3D anthropometric facial analysis with and without landmark labeling before image acquisition. Angle Orthod. 2011;81(2):245–52.FERNANDES TMF, ADAMCZYK J, POLETI ML, HENRIQUES JFC, FRIEDLAND B, GARIB DG, et al. Comparison between 3D volumetric rendering and multiplanar slices on the reliability of linear measurements on CBCT images: an in vitro study. J Appl Oral Sci [Internet]. 2015 Feb [cited 2016 Sep 9];23(1):56–63. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572015000100056&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=enMedelnik J, Hertrich K, Steinhäuser-Andresen S, Hirschfelder U, Hofmann E. Accuracy of anatomical landmark identification using different CBCT- and MSCT-based 3D images. J Orofac Orthop / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie [Internet]. 2011 Aug 8 [cited 2016 Sep 5];72(4):261–78. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00056-011-0032-5Zamora, Carlos ; Zamora J. Analisis clinico facial de arnett y bregman. In: Atlas de la cefalometria. Amolca; 2002. p. 213–41.Michele C, Federica A, Roberto DG, Alessandro S. Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Cephalometry Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans. J Craniofac Surg [Internet]. 2015 Jun [cited 2016 Sep 5];26(4):e311–5. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&an=00001665-201506000-00142Specifications H, Specifications MA. Geospatial Modeling & Visualization.Octavian C. Bioengineering Applications of 3D Scanning and Reconstruction Using a Depth Sensor. [cited 2018 Feb 25]; Available from: https://bbibliograficas.ucc.edu.co:2149/docview/1901764745/60C91BCF77334D96PQ/1?accountid=44394Rosell-Polo JR, Auat Cheein F, Gregorio E, Andújar D, Puigdomènech L, Masip J, et al. Advances in Structured Light Sensors Applications in Precision Agriculture and Livestock Farming. Adv Agron [Internet]. 2015 Jan 1 [cited 2018 Feb 25];133:71–112. Available from: https://bbibliograficas.ucc.edu.co:2152/science/article/pii/S00652113150010781. Davidowitz G, Kotick PG. The Use of CAD/CAM in Dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2011;55(3):559–70. 2. van Noort R, Duret F, Preston JD, Miyazaki T, Hotta Y, Kunii J, et al. The future of dental devices is digital. Dent Mater [Internet]. 2012 Jan [cited 2016 Sep 5];28(1):3–12. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0109564111008955 3. Hull C, Spence S, Albert D, Steinberg P, Tarnoff H, Williams C, et al. CAD/CAM Stereolithographic data conversion [Internet]. United States of America: US PATENTS DEPARTMENT; WO 1989010256 A1, 1989. Available from: https://www.google.com/patents/WO1989010256A1?cl=en 4. Gruen A. Fundamentals of videogrametry - A review. Hum Mov Sci. 1997;16:155–87. 5. Zamora N, Cibrián R, Gandia J-L, Paredes V. A new 3D method for measuring cranio-facial relationships with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Med oral, Patol oral y cirugía bucal [Internet]. 2013 Jul [cited 2016 Sep 5];18(4):e706-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23524427 6. Astrahan MM, Jacobs JF. History of the Design of the SAGE Computer-The AN/FSQ-7. IEEE Ann Hist Comput [Internet]. 1983 Oct [cited 2016 Sep 11];5(4):340–9. Available from: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/lpdocs/epic03/wrapper.htm?arnumber=4640769 7. Manovich L. Understanding Meta-Media. CTheory. 2005;0(0):10–26/2005. 8. Li RWK, Chow TW, Matinlinna JP. Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD/CAM technology: State of the art. J Prosthodont Res. 2014;58(4):208–16. 9. Logozzo S, Zanetti EM, Franceschini G, Kilpelä A, Mäkynen A. Recent advances in dental optics - Part I: 3D intraoral scanners for restorative dentistry. Opt Lasers Eng. 2014; 10. Aynechi N, Larson BE, Leon-Salazar V, Beiraghi S. Accuracy and precision of a 3D anthropometric facial analysis with and without landmark labeling before image acquisition. Angle Orthod. 2011;81(2):245–52. 11. FERNANDES TMF, ADAMCZYK J, POLETI ML, HENRIQUES JFC, FRIEDLAND B, GARIB DG, et al. Comparison between 3D volumetric rendering and multiplanar slices on the reliability of linear measurements on CBCT images: an in vitro study. J Appl Oral Sci [Internet]. 2015 Feb [cited 2016 Sep 9];23(1):56–63. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572015000100056&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en 12. Medelnik J, Hertrich K, Steinhäuser-Andresen S, Hirschfelder U, Hofmann E. Accuracy of anatomical landmark identification using different CBCT- and MSCT-based 3D images. J Orofac Orthop / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie [Internet]. 2011 Aug 8 [cited 2016 Sep 5];72(4):261–78. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00056-011-0032-5 13. Zamora, Carlos ; Zamora J. Analisis clinico facial de arnett y bregman. In: Atlas de la cefalometria. Amolca; 2002. p. 213–41. 14. Michele C, Federica A, Roberto DG, Alessandro S. Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Cephalometry Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans. J Craniofac Surg [Internet]. 2015 Jun [cited 2016 Sep 5];26(4):e311–5. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&an=00001665-201506000-00142 15. Specifications H, Specifications MA. Geospatial Modeling & Visualization. 16. Octavian C. Bioengineering Applications of 3D Scanning and Reconstruction Using a Depth Sensor. 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