La obturación endodontica, una visión general
La gutapercha es el material más usado para la obturación de los conductos radiculares, y la condensación lateral es la técnica masurilizada através de los años debido a su fácil manejo y su bajo costo. Sin embargo, se han descrito nuevos sistemas que también usan la gutapercha con diferentes método...
- Autores:
-
Eraso Martinez, Nancy
Muñoz Bolaños, Iván
- Tipo de recurso:
- Contribution to the magazine
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2012
- Institución:
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio UCC
- Idioma:
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/53564
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/53564
- Palabra clave:
- Microfiltración
Obturación endodontica
Penetración bacteriana
Micro-leakage
Endodontic obturation
Bacterial penetration
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Atribución
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
La obturación endodontica, una visión general |
title |
La obturación endodontica, una visión general |
spellingShingle |
La obturación endodontica, una visión general Microfiltración Obturación endodontica Penetración bacteriana Micro-leakage Endodontic obturation Bacterial penetration |
title_short |
La obturación endodontica, una visión general |
title_full |
La obturación endodontica, una visión general |
title_fullStr |
La obturación endodontica, una visión general |
title_full_unstemmed |
La obturación endodontica, una visión general |
title_sort |
La obturación endodontica, una visión general |
dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Eraso Martinez, Nancy Muñoz Bolaños, Iván |
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Eraso Martinez, Nancy Muñoz Bolaños, Iván |
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Microfiltración Obturación endodontica Penetración bacteriana |
topic |
Microfiltración Obturación endodontica Penetración bacteriana Micro-leakage Endodontic obturation Bacterial penetration |
dc.subject.other.none.fl_str_mv |
Micro-leakage Endodontic obturation Bacterial penetration |
description |
La gutapercha es el material más usado para la obturación de los conductos radiculares, y la condensación lateral es la técnica masurilizada através de los años debido a su fácil manejo y su bajo costo. Sin embargo, se han descrito nuevos sistemas que también usan la gutapercha con diferentes métodos para sellar el conducto radicular. La importancia de esta revisión radica en orientar a la comunidad científica para la escogencia del sistema y técnica de obturación que presente los mejores resultados en cuanto a valores de microfiltración, basados en la literatura. Además, se tendrán en cuenta algunos textos clásicos que sirven como base para el entendimiento de la terminología endodontica y sus sistemas de obturación. El propósito de este artículo es realizar una revisión de la literatura acerca de los diferentes sistemas y técnicas de obturación endodontica empleados en la actualidad y su desempeño en cuanto a valores de microfiltración se refiere, para crear de esta forma un panorama claro acerca de los avances y de las necesidades en el campo de la obturación endodontica. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2012-07 |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-11-27T19:53:58Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-11-27T19:53:58Z |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de divulgación |
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dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
19003080 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/53564 |
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation.none.fl_str_mv |
Eraso Martinez, N. y Muñoz Bolaños, I. (2012). La obturación endodontica, una visión general. Revista Nacional de Odontología, 8 (15), p. 87-94. |
identifier_str_mv |
19003080 Eraso Martinez, N. y Muñoz Bolaños, I. (2012). La obturación endodontica, una visión general. Revista Nacional de Odontología, 8 (15), p. 87-94. |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/53564 |
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista Nacional de Odontología |
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv |
1. Cohen S, Burns R. Vías de la pulpa, 7a ed. Madrid Harcourt; 1999, p. 258-361. 2. Soares J, Goldberg F. Obturación del conducto radicu lar. En: Endodoncia. Técnicas y fundamentos, Buenos Aires: Panamericana; 2002, p. 141-51. 3. Goldberg F, Massone EJ, Esmoris M, Alfie D. Compari son of different techniques for obturating experimental internal resorptive cavities. Endod Dent Traumatol. Jun 18.H. 2000; 16(3): 116-21. 4. Wolcott J, Himel V, Powell W, Penney). Effect of two obturation techniq on the filling of lateral canals and 19 the main canal. J Endod. Oct 1997; 23 (10): 632-5. 5. Catro P, Love RM. Comparison of microseal and system B/Obtura II obturation techniques. Int Endod J. Dic 2003; 36(12): 876-82. 6. Ingle Jl. Endodoncia. 3a ed. México: Interamericana, 1992 p. 230-1. 7. F Schnell. Effect of immediate dowel space preparation on the apical seal of endodontically filled teeth. Om Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. Mar 1978; 45(3): 470-4. 8. Siqueira JF Jr. Aetiology of root canal treatment failure why well-treated teeth can fail. Int Endod J. Ene 2001; 34(1): 1-10. 9. Adamo HL, Buruiana R, Schertzer L, Boylan RJ. A com parison of MTA, Super-EBA, composite and amalgama root-end filling materials using a bacterial microleaka model. Int Endod J. May 1999; 32(3): 197-203. 10. Limkangwalmongkol S, Abbot PV, Sandler AB. Ap Dye penetration with four root canal sealers and gu percha using longitudinal sectioning. J Endod. 1992; 18(11): 535-9. 11. Szeremeta-Browar TL, VanCura JE, Zaki AE. A parison of the sealing properties of different retr techniques: an autoradiographic study. Oral Su Med Oral Pathol. Ene 1985; 59(1): 82-7. 12. Ahlberg KMF, Tay WM. A methacrylate-based used as a root canal sealer. Int Endod J. E 31(1): 15-21. 13. LaCombe, Jan Stabley, Lamar M, Pelleu G. A compa rison of the apical seal produced by two Thermoplasti- rized injectable gutta-percha techniques. J Endod. Sep 27.Cam 1988; 14(9): 445-50. 14. Derkson GD, Pashley DH, Derkson ME. Microleakage 28 Pa measurement of selected restorative material: a new in vitro method. J Prosthet Dent. 1986; 56(4): 435-40. Ab 15. Wu MK, Fan B, Wesselink PR. Leakage along apical 29. root fillings in curved root Canals. Part I: effects of apical transportation on seal of root fillings. J Endod. Abr 2000; 26(4): 210-16. 16. Spangberg LS, Acierno TG, Cha BY. Influence of 30. entrapped air on the accuracy of leakage studies using dye penetration methods. J Endod. Nov 1989; 15(11): 548-51. 31 17. Howard M. Fogel, Marshall D. Microleakage of root- end filling materials. J Endod. Jul 2001; 27(7): 456-8. 18. Hession RW. Long-term evaluation of endodontic tratment: anatomy, instrumentation, obturation-the endodontic practice triad. Int Endod J. Sep 1981; 14(3): 179-84. 19. Adamo HL, Buruiana R, Schertzer L, Boylan RJ. A comparation of MTA, super EBA, composite and amalgam as root-end filling materials using a bacterial microleakage model. Int Endod J. May 1999; 32(3): 197-203. 20. Masters J, Higa R, Torabinejad M. Effects of vacuuming on dye penetration patterns in root canals and glass tubes. J Endod. Jun 1995; 21(6):332-4. 21. Dickson SS, Peters DD. Leakage evaluation with and without vacuum of two gutta-percha fill techniques. J Endod. Ago 1993; 19(8): 398-403. 22. Chong BS, Pitt Ford TR, Watson TF, Wilson RF. Sea- ling ability of potential retrograde root fillings. Endod Dent Traum. Dic 1995; 11(6): 264-9. 23. Goldman M, Simmonds S, Rush R. The usefulness of dye penetration studies re-examined. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. Mar 1989; 67(3): 327-32. 24. Karadag S, Bala O, Türköz E, Mihçioglu T. The effects of water and acetone-based dentin adhesives on apical Microleakage. J Contemp Dent Pract. May 2004; 5(2): 93-101. 25. Al-Dewani N, Hayes SJ, Drummer PM. Comparison of laterally condensed and low-temperature Thermoplas- ticized gutta-percha root fillings. J Endod. Dic 2000; 26(12): 733-8. 26. Wimonchit S, Timpawat S, Vongsavan N. A compari- son of techniquesfor assessment of coronal dye leakage. J Endod. Ene 2002; 28(1): 1-4. 27. Camps J, Pashley D. Reliability of the dye penetration studies. J Endod. Sep 2003; 29(9): 592-4. 28. Bates CF, Carnes DL, del Rio CE. Longitudinal sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate as a root-end filling material. J Endod. 1996, 22(11): 575.8. 29. Ahlberg KM, Assavanop P, Tay WM. A comparison of the apical dye penetration patterns shown by methylene blue and India ink in root-filled tooth. Int Endod J. Ene 1995; 28(1): 30-4 30. Torabinejad M, Ung B, Kettering JD. In vitro bacterial penetration of coronally unsealed endodontically trea ted teeth. J Endod. Dic 1990; 16(12): 566-9. 31. Matloff 1, Jensen J. Singer L, Tabibi A. A comparison of methods used in root canal sealability studies. Oral Sur Oral Med Oral Pathol. Feb 1982; 53(2): 203-8. 32. Kersten HW, Moore WR. Particles and molecules in en- dodontic leakage. Int Endod J. May 1989; 22(3): 118-24. 33. LaCombe JS, Campbell AD, Hicks ML, Pelleu GB. A comparison of the apical seal produced by two Thermo- plasticized injectable gutta-percha techniques. J Endod. Sep 1988; 14(9): 445-50. 34. Czonstkowsky M, Michanowicz A, Vazquez JA. Evaluation of an injection of thermoplasticized low temperature using radioactive isotopes. J Endod. Feb 1985; 11(2): 71-4. 35. Hata G, Kawazoe S, Toda T, Weine FS. Sealing ability of thermoplasticized gutta-percha fill techniques as as- sessed by a new method of determining apical leakage. J Endod. Abr 1995; 21(4): 167-72. 36. Jacobson HL, Xia T, Baumgartner JC, Marshall JG, Beeler WJ. Microbial leakage evaluation of the con- tinuous wave of condensation. J Endod. Abr 2002; 28(4): 269-71. 37. Soares J, Goldberg F. Endodoncia. Técnicas y funda- mentos. Buenos Aires: Panamericana; 2002. p. 230-2. 46. Z 47. 38. Venturi M, Pasquantonio G, Falconi M, Breschi L. Temperature change within gutta-percha induced by System-B Heat Source. Int End J. Sep 2002; 35(9): 740-6. 39. Schilder H. Filling in root canals in three dimensions. Dent Clin North Am. Nov 1967; 11: 723-44 40. Canalda C, Brau E. Endodoncia. Técnicas clínicas y bases científicas. Barcelona: Masson; 2001. p. 380-422. 48 41. Shipper G, Ørstavik D, Teixeira FB, Trope M. An evaluation of microbial leakage in roots filled with a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material (Resilon). J Endod. May 2004; 30(5): 342-47 42. Fransen JN, He J, Glickman GN, Rios A, Shulman JD, Honeyman A. Comparative assessment of ActiV CP/glass ionomer sealer, Resilon/Epiphany, and gutta percha/AH plus obturation: a bacterial leakage study. J Endod. Jun 2008, 34(6): 725-7. 43. Monticelli F, Sadek FT, Schuster GS, Volkmann KR, Looney SW, Ferrari M et al. Efficacy of two contem porary single-cone filling techniques in preventing bacterial leakage. J Endod. Mar 2007; 33(3): 310-3. 44. Clark-Holke D, Drake D, Walton R, Rivera E, Guth- miller JM. Bacterial penetration through canals of endodontically treated teeth in the presence or absence of smear layer. J Dent. May 2003; 31(4): 275-81. 45. Farea M, Masudi S, Wan Bakar WS. Apical micro- leakage evaluation of system B compared with cold lateral technique: in vitro study. Aust Endod J. Ago 2010; 36(2): 48-53. 46. Zmener O, Spielberg C, Lamberghini F, Rucci M. Sea- ling properties of a new epoxy resin-based root-canal sealer. Int Endod J. Sep 1997; 30(5): 332-4 47. Oksan T, Aktener BO, Sen BH, Tezel H. The pene- tration of root canal sealers into dentinal tubules. A scanning electron microscopic study. Int Endod J. Sep 1993; 26(5): 301-5. 48. Taranu R, Wereger U, Roggendorf MJ, Ebert J, Pet- schelt A, Frankenberger R. Leakage analysis of three modern root filling materials after 90 days of storage. Int Endod J. 2005; 38: 928. 49. Bates CF, Carnes DL, del Rio CE. Longitudinal sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate as a root-end filling material. J Endod. Nov 1996; 22(11): 575-8. 50. Ponce A, Izquierdo JC, Sandoval F, de los Reyes JC. Filtración apical entre la técnica de compactación lateral en frío y técnica de obturación con System B". Revista Odontológica Mexicana. 2005; 9(2): 65-72. |
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Eraso Martinez, NancyMuñoz Bolaños, IvánVol. 8, No. 152023-11-27T19:53:58Z2023-11-27T19:53:58Z2012-0719003080https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/53564Eraso Martinez, N. y Muñoz Bolaños, I. (2012). La obturación endodontica, una visión general. Revista Nacional de Odontología, 8 (15), p. 87-94.La gutapercha es el material más usado para la obturación de los conductos radiculares, y la condensación lateral es la técnica masurilizada através de los años debido a su fácil manejo y su bajo costo. Sin embargo, se han descrito nuevos sistemas que también usan la gutapercha con diferentes métodos para sellar el conducto radicular. La importancia de esta revisión radica en orientar a la comunidad científica para la escogencia del sistema y técnica de obturación que presente los mejores resultados en cuanto a valores de microfiltración, basados en la literatura. Además, se tendrán en cuenta algunos textos clásicos que sirven como base para el entendimiento de la terminología endodontica y sus sistemas de obturación. El propósito de este artículo es realizar una revisión de la literatura acerca de los diferentes sistemas y técnicas de obturación endodontica empleados en la actualidad y su desempeño en cuanto a valores de microfiltración se refiere, para crear de esta forma un panorama claro acerca de los avances y de las necesidades en el campo de la obturación endodontica.Gutta-percha is the most widely used material for filling root canals and the lateral condensation technique is the most widely employed over the years due to its simplicity in handling and low cost. However, new systems have been described that also use gutes employed with different methods to seal the root canal. The importance of this review lies in guiding the scientific community in the selection of the system and/or filling technique producing the best results in terms of micro-leakage values, based on the literature. Certain classic texts that serve as a basis for understanding the endodontic terminology and its filling systems will also be taken into account. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on various current systems and techniques used in endodontic obturation and their performance in terms of micro-leakage values, thus creating a clear picture of progress and needs in the field of endodontic obturation.p. 87-94Editorial Universidad Cooperativa de ColombiaUniversidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Odontología, Medellín y EnvigadoOdontologíaMedellínMicrofiltraciónObturación endodonticaPenetración bacterianaMicro-leakageEndodontic obturationBacterial penetrationLa obturación endodontica, una visión generalArtículo de divulgaciónhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3e5ahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionAtribucióninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Revista Nacional de Odontología1. Cohen S, Burns R. Vías de la pulpa, 7a ed. Madrid Harcourt; 1999, p. 258-361.2. Soares J, Goldberg F. Obturación del conducto radicu lar. En: Endodoncia. Técnicas y fundamentos, Buenos Aires: Panamericana; 2002, p. 141-51.3. Goldberg F, Massone EJ, Esmoris M, Alfie D. Compari son of different techniques for obturating experimental internal resorptive cavities. Endod Dent Traumatol. Jun 18.H. 2000; 16(3): 116-21.4. Wolcott J, Himel V, Powell W, Penney). Effect of two obturation techniq on the filling of lateral canals and 19 the main canal. J Endod. Oct 1997; 23 (10): 632-5.5. Catro P, Love RM. Comparison of microseal and system B/Obtura II obturation techniques. Int Endod J. Dic 2003; 36(12): 876-82.6. Ingle Jl. Endodoncia. 3a ed. México: Interamericana, 1992 p. 230-1.7. F Schnell. Effect of immediate dowel space preparation on the apical seal of endodontically filled teeth. Om Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. Mar 1978; 45(3): 470-4.8. Siqueira JF Jr. Aetiology of root canal treatment failure why well-treated teeth can fail. Int Endod J. Ene 2001; 34(1): 1-10.9. Adamo HL, Buruiana R, Schertzer L, Boylan RJ. A com parison of MTA, Super-EBA, composite and amalgama root-end filling materials using a bacterial microleaka model. Int Endod J. May 1999; 32(3): 197-203.10. Limkangwalmongkol S, Abbot PV, Sandler AB. Ap Dye penetration with four root canal sealers and gu percha using longitudinal sectioning. J Endod. 1992; 18(11): 535-9.11. Szeremeta-Browar TL, VanCura JE, Zaki AE. A parison of the sealing properties of different retr techniques: an autoradiographic study. Oral Su Med Oral Pathol. Ene 1985; 59(1): 82-7.12. Ahlberg KMF, Tay WM. A methacrylate-based used as a root canal sealer. Int Endod J. E 31(1): 15-21.13. LaCombe, Jan Stabley, Lamar M, Pelleu G. A compa rison of the apical seal produced by two Thermoplasti- rized injectable gutta-percha techniques. J Endod. Sep 27.Cam 1988; 14(9): 445-50.14. Derkson GD, Pashley DH, Derkson ME. Microleakage 28 Pa measurement of selected restorative material: a new in vitro method. J Prosthet Dent. 1986; 56(4): 435-40. Ab15. Wu MK, Fan B, Wesselink PR. Leakage along apical 29. root fillings in curved root Canals. Part I: effects of apical transportation on seal of root fillings. J Endod. Abr 2000; 26(4): 210-16.16. Spangberg LS, Acierno TG, Cha BY. Influence of 30. entrapped air on the accuracy of leakage studies using dye penetration methods. J Endod. Nov 1989; 15(11): 548-51. 3117. Howard M. Fogel, Marshall D. Microleakage of root- end filling materials. J Endod. Jul 2001; 27(7): 456-8.18. Hession RW. Long-term evaluation of endodontic tratment: anatomy, instrumentation, obturation-the endodontic practice triad. Int Endod J. Sep 1981; 14(3): 179-84.19. Adamo HL, Buruiana R, Schertzer L, Boylan RJ. A comparation of MTA, super EBA, composite and amalgam as root-end filling materials using a bacterial microleakage model. Int Endod J. May 1999; 32(3): 197-203.20. Masters J, Higa R, Torabinejad M. Effects of vacuuming on dye penetration patterns in root canals and glass tubes. J Endod. Jun 1995; 21(6):332-4.21. Dickson SS, Peters DD. Leakage evaluation with and without vacuum of two gutta-percha fill techniques. J Endod. Ago 1993; 19(8): 398-403.22. Chong BS, Pitt Ford TR, Watson TF, Wilson RF. Sea- ling ability of potential retrograde root fillings. Endod Dent Traum. Dic 1995; 11(6): 264-9.23. Goldman M, Simmonds S, Rush R. The usefulness of dye penetration studies re-examined. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. Mar 1989; 67(3): 327-32.24. Karadag S, Bala O, Türköz E, Mihçioglu T. The effects of water and acetone-based dentin adhesives on apical Microleakage. J Contemp Dent Pract. May 2004; 5(2): 93-101.25. Al-Dewani N, Hayes SJ, Drummer PM. Comparison of laterally condensed and low-temperature Thermoplas- ticized gutta-percha root fillings. J Endod. Dic 2000; 26(12): 733-8.26. Wimonchit S, Timpawat S, Vongsavan N. A compari- son of techniquesfor assessment of coronal dye leakage. J Endod. Ene 2002; 28(1): 1-4.27. Camps J, Pashley D. Reliability of the dye penetration studies. J Endod. Sep 2003; 29(9): 592-4.28. Bates CF, Carnes DL, del Rio CE. Longitudinal sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate as a root-end filling material. J Endod. 1996, 22(11): 575.8.29. Ahlberg KM, Assavanop P, Tay WM. A comparison of the apical dye penetration patterns shown by methylene blue and India ink in root-filled tooth. Int Endod J. Ene 1995; 28(1): 30-430. Torabinejad M, Ung B, Kettering JD. In vitro bacterial penetration of coronally unsealed endodontically trea ted teeth. J Endod. Dic 1990; 16(12): 566-9.31. Matloff 1, Jensen J. Singer L, Tabibi A. A comparison of methods used in root canal sealability studies. Oral Sur Oral Med Oral Pathol. Feb 1982; 53(2): 203-8.32. Kersten HW, Moore WR. Particles and molecules in en- dodontic leakage. Int Endod J. May 1989; 22(3): 118-24.33. LaCombe JS, Campbell AD, Hicks ML, Pelleu GB. A comparison of the apical seal produced by two Thermo- plasticized injectable gutta-percha techniques. J Endod. Sep 1988; 14(9): 445-50.34. Czonstkowsky M, Michanowicz A, Vazquez JA. Evaluation of an injection of thermoplasticized low temperature using radioactive isotopes. J Endod. Feb 1985; 11(2): 71-4.35. Hata G, Kawazoe S, Toda T, Weine FS. Sealing ability of thermoplasticized gutta-percha fill techniques as as- sessed by a new method of determining apical leakage. J Endod. Abr 1995; 21(4): 167-72.36. Jacobson HL, Xia T, Baumgartner JC, Marshall JG, Beeler WJ. Microbial leakage evaluation of the con- tinuous wave of condensation. J Endod. Abr 2002; 28(4): 269-71.37. Soares J, Goldberg F. Endodoncia. Técnicas y funda- mentos. Buenos Aires: Panamericana; 2002. p. 230-2. 46. Z 47.38. Venturi M, Pasquantonio G, Falconi M, Breschi L. Temperature change within gutta-percha induced by System-B Heat Source. Int End J. Sep 2002; 35(9): 740-6.39. Schilder H. Filling in root canals in three dimensions. Dent Clin North Am. Nov 1967; 11: 723-4440. Canalda C, Brau E. Endodoncia. Técnicas clínicas y bases científicas. Barcelona: Masson; 2001. p. 380-422. 4841. Shipper G, Ørstavik D, Teixeira FB, Trope M. An evaluation of microbial leakage in roots filled with a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material (Resilon). J Endod. May 2004; 30(5): 342-4742. Fransen JN, He J, Glickman GN, Rios A, Shulman JD, Honeyman A. Comparative assessment of ActiV CP/glass ionomer sealer, Resilon/Epiphany, and gutta percha/AH plus obturation: a bacterial leakage study. J Endod. Jun 2008, 34(6): 725-7.43. Monticelli F, Sadek FT, Schuster GS, Volkmann KR, Looney SW, Ferrari M et al. Efficacy of two contem porary single-cone filling techniques in preventing bacterial leakage. J Endod. Mar 2007; 33(3): 310-3.44. Clark-Holke D, Drake D, Walton R, Rivera E, Guth- miller JM. Bacterial penetration through canals of endodontically treated teeth in the presence or absence of smear layer. J Dent. May 2003; 31(4): 275-81.45. Farea M, Masudi S, Wan Bakar WS. Apical micro- leakage evaluation of system B compared with cold lateral technique: in vitro study. Aust Endod J. Ago 2010; 36(2): 48-53.46. Zmener O, Spielberg C, Lamberghini F, Rucci M. Sea- ling properties of a new epoxy resin-based root-canal sealer. Int Endod J. Sep 1997; 30(5): 332-447. Oksan T, Aktener BO, Sen BH, Tezel H. The pene- tration of root canal sealers into dentinal tubules. A scanning electron microscopic study. Int Endod J. Sep 1993; 26(5): 301-5.48. Taranu R, Wereger U, Roggendorf MJ, Ebert J, Pet- schelt A, Frankenberger R. Leakage analysis of three modern root filling materials after 90 days of storage. Int Endod J. 2005; 38: 928.49. Bates CF, Carnes DL, del Rio CE. Longitudinal sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate as a root-end filling material. J Endod. 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