Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study

Antecedentes: Durante la pandemia, los adultos mayores han sido uno de los grupos más vulnerables. Tener un diagnóstico clínico de EPOC aumenta significativamente la probabilidad de malos resultados clínicos en pacientes con Covid-19, por lo que estos pacientes deben ser considerados un grupo de alt...

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Autores:: Restrepo Carvajal, Jorge Emiro
Ospina Bran, Zaira Eliana
Cuartas Montoya, Gina Paula

Tipo de recurso:: Article of investigation

Fecha de publicación:: 2022

Institución:: Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia

Repositorio:: Repositorio UCC

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repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study
title	Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study
spellingShingle	Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study Vejez Salud Mental Enfermedades crónicas Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica Covid 19 Old age Mental health Chronic diseases Chronic obstructive pulminary disease Covid 19
title_short	Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study
title_full	Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study
title_fullStr	Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study
title_full_unstemmed	Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study
title_sort	Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Restrepo Carvajal, Jorge Emiro Ospina Bran, Zaira Eliana Cuartas Montoya, Gina Paula
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Restrepo Carvajal, Jorge Emiro Ospina Bran, Zaira Eliana Cuartas Montoya, Gina Paula
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv	Vejez Salud Mental Enfermedades crónicas Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica Covid 19
topic	Vejez Salud Mental Enfermedades crónicas Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica Covid 19 Old age Mental health Chronic diseases Chronic obstructive pulminary disease Covid 19
dc.subject.other.spa.fl_str_mv	Old age Mental health Chronic diseases Chronic obstructive pulminary disease Covid 19
description	Antecedentes: Durante la pandemia, los adultos mayores han sido uno de los grupos más vulnerables. Tener un diagnóstico clínico de EPOC aumenta significativamente la probabilidad de malos resultados clínicos en pacientes con Covid-19, por lo que estos pacientes deben ser considerados un grupo de alto riesgo. Desde una perspectiva positiva de salud mental, es importante conocer el estado de ánimo de los pacientes y el apoyo social percibido. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio no experimental cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal correlacional para analizar el estado de ánimo, el apoyo social percibido, algunas variables sociodemográficas y sus relaciones en una muestra de 110 adultos mayores colombianos con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Resultados: El estado de ánimo de los adultos mayores fue predominantemente negativo y, en general, hubo bajos niveles de apoyo social percibido (a excepción del apoyo instrumental). Se encontraron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre estas dos variables. Se encontraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre la práctica de ejercicio físico con el nivel de estado emocional positivo y el apoyo emocional instrumental. Discusión y conclusiones: La falta de apoyo social es un predictor del impacto psicológico de la pandemia en adultos mayores con y sin enfermedades crónicas. Es posible que no esté recibiendo expresiones emocionales o estímulos adecuados para expresar sus sentimientos, que no tenga otras personas con las que tener relaciones placenteras de ocio o esparcimiento, o que no reciba suficientes expresiones de amor y afecto.
publishDate	2022
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2022-08-16T19:36:34Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2022-08-16T19:36:34Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2022-02
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Artículos Científicos
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dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv	ISSN-e: 2739-0012
dc.identifier.uri.spa.fl_str_mv	10.47307/GMC.2022.130.1.12
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dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv	Restrepo, Jorge, Ospina Bran, Z. E. y Cuartas Montoya, Gina (2022). Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Revista Gaceta Médica de Caracas,130(1):105-113 DOI: 10.47307/GMC.2022.130.1.12
identifier_str_mv	ISSN-e: 2739-0012 10.47307/GMC.2022.130.1.12 Restrepo, Jorge, Ospina Bran, Z. E. y Cuartas Montoya, Gina (2022). Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Revista Gaceta Médica de Caracas,130(1):105-113 DOI: 10.47307/GMC.2022.130.1.12
url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/46154
dc.relation.isversionof.spa.fl_str_mv	https://academianacionaldemedicina.org/publicaciones/div/mood-and-perceived-social-support-of-colombian-older-adults-with-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-during-the-pandemic-a-cross-sectional-descriptive-study/
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv	Gaceta Médica de Caracas
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv	United Nations. Policy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on older persons, https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/ files/2020-05/Policy-Brief-The-Impact-of-COVID- 19-on-Older-Persons.pdf [consultada el 10 de octubre de 2021]. Vahia IV, Jeste DV, Reynolds CF. Older Adults and the Mental Health Effects of COVID-19. JAMA. 2020;324(22):2253-2254. Lee K, Jeong GC, Yim J. Consideration of the Psychological and Mental Health of the Elderly during COVID-19: A Theoretical Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(21):8098 Zhou R, Chen H, Zhu L, Chen Y, Chen B, Li Y, et al. Mental Health Status of the Elderly Chinese Population During COVID-19: An Online Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:645938 Sepúlveda-Loyola W, Rodríguez-Sánchez I, Pérez- Rodríguez P, Ganz F, Torralba R, Oliveira DV, et al. Impact of Social Isolation Due to COVID-19 on Health in Older People: Mental and Physical Effects and Recommendations. J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;24(9):938-947. Webb LM, Chen CY. The COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on older adults’ mental health: Contributing factors, coping strategies, and opportunities for improvement. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021:1-7. Deslée G, Zysman M, Burgel PR, Perez T, Boyer L, Gonzalez J, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the COVID-19 pandemic: Reciprocal challenges. Respir Med Res. 2020;78:100764. Lee SC, Son KJ, Han CH, Park SC, Jung JY. Impact of COPD on COVID-19 prognosis: A nationwide population-based study in South Korea. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):3735. Gerayeli FV, Milne S, Cheung C, Li X, Yang ChW, Tam A, et al. COPD and the risk of poor outcomes in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;33:100789. Addis SG, Nega AD, Miretu DG. Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on chronic disease patients in Dessie town government and private hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia. Diabetes Metab SynDr. 2021;15(1):129-135. Al-Rahimi JS, Nass NM, Hassoubah SA, Wazqar DY, Alamoudi SA. Levels and predictors of fear and health anxiety during the current outbreak of COVID-19 in immunocompromised and chronic disease patients in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional correlational study. PLoS One. 2021;16(4):e0250554. Budu MO, Rugel EJ, Nocos R, Teo K, Rangarajan S, Lear SA. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on People with Pre-Existing Chronic Disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(11):5972. Ferrer RA, Mendes WB. Emotion, health decision making, and health behavior. Psychol Health. 2018;33(1):1-16 Cugmas M, Ferligoj A, Kogovšek T, Batagelj Z. The social support networks of elderly people in Slovenia during the Covid-19 pandemic. PLoS One. 2021;16(3):e0247993. Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A. Development, and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988;54(6):1063-1070. Sandín B, Chorot P, Lostao L, Joiner TE, Santed MA, Valiente RM. Escalas PANAS de afecto positivo y negativo: validación factorial y convergencia transcultural. Psicothema. 1999;11(1):37-51. Sherbourne CD, Stewart AL. The MOS social support survey. Soc Sci Med. 1991;32(6):705-714. Londoño NH, Rogers, HL, Castilla JF, Posada SL, Ochoa NL, Jaramillo MA, et al. Validación en Colombia del cuestionario MOS de apoyo social. Int J Psychol Res. 2012;5(1):142-150. Castellano CL. La influencia del apoyo social en el estado emocional y las actitudes hacia la vejez y el envejecimiento en una muestra de ancianos. Rev Psicol Ter Psicol. 2014;14(3):365-377. Pereira-Ávila FM, Ching S, Goulart MC, Garcia F, Pereira-Caldeira N, Vieira Gir E. Factores asociados con síntomas de depresión en ancianos durante la pandemia de covid-19. Texto Contexto Enferm. 2021;(30): e20200380. Rutland-Lawes J, Wallinheimo AS, Evans SL. Risk factors for depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study in middle-aged and older adults. BJPsych Open. 2021;7(5):e161. Picaza Gorrochategi M, Eiguren Munitis A, Dosil Santamaria M, Ozamiz Etxebarria N. Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in People Aged Over 60 in the COVID-19 Outbreak in a Sample Collected in Northern Spain. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2020;28(9):993-998 Jungmann SM, Witthöft M. Health anxiety, cyberchondria, and coping in the current COVID-19 pandemic: Which factors are related to coronavirus anxiety? J. Anxiety Disord. 2020;73:102239. de Oliveira Andrade N, Correia Silva Azambuja H, Carvalho Reis Martins T, Manoel Seixas RA, Moretti Luchesi B. Factors associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Brazilian study. Aging Ment Health. 2021:1-8. Gariépy G, Honkaniemi H, Quesnel-Vallée A. Social support, and protection from depression: Systematic review of current findings in Western countries. Br J Psychiatry. 2016;209(4):284-293. MacLeod S, Tkatch R, Kraemer S, Fellows A, McGinn M, Schaeffer J, et al. COVID-19 Era Social Isolation among Older Adults. Geriatrics (Basel). 2021;6(2):52. Khan MSR, Kadoya Y. Loneliness during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison between Older and Younger People. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(15):7871. Salvarezza L. Psicogeriatría. Teoría y Clínica. Buenos Aires: Editorial Paidós; 1988 Vinaccia S, Quiceno JM, Zapata C, Obesso S, Quintero DC. Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y emociones negativas en pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Psicología desde el Caribe. 2006;18:89-108.
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spelling	Restrepo Carvajal, Jorge Emiro Ospina Bran, Zaira Eliana Cuartas Montoya, Gina Paula130 (1)2022-08-16T19:36:34Z2022-08-16T19:36:34Z2022-02ISSN-e: 2739-001210.47307/GMC.2022.130.1.12https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12494/46154Restrepo, Jorge, Ospina Bran, Z. E. y Cuartas Montoya, Gina (2022). Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Revista Gaceta Médica de Caracas,130(1):105-113 DOI: 10.47307/GMC.2022.130.1.12Antecedentes: Durante la pandemia, los adultos mayores han sido uno de los grupos más vulnerables. Tener un diagnóstico clínico de EPOC aumenta significativamente la probabilidad de malos resultados clínicos en pacientes con Covid-19, por lo que estos pacientes deben ser considerados un grupo de alto riesgo. Desde una perspectiva positiva de salud mental, es importante conocer el estado de ánimo de los pacientes y el apoyo social percibido. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio no experimental cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal correlacional para analizar el estado de ánimo, el apoyo social percibido, algunas variables sociodemográficas y sus relaciones en una muestra de 110 adultos mayores colombianos con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Resultados: El estado de ánimo de los adultos mayores fue predominantemente negativo y, en general, hubo bajos niveles de apoyo social percibido (a excepción del apoyo instrumental). Se encontraron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre estas dos variables. Se encontraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre la práctica de ejercicio físico con el nivel de estado emocional positivo y el apoyo emocional instrumental. Discusión y conclusiones: La falta de apoyo social es un predictor del impacto psicológico de la pandemia en adultos mayores con y sin enfermedades crónicas. Es posible que no esté recibiendo expresiones emocionales o estímulos adecuados para expresar sus sentimientos, que no tenga otras personas con las que tener relaciones placenteras de ocio o esparcimiento, o que no reciba suficientes expresiones de amor y afecto.Background: During the pandemic, older adults have been one of the most vulnerable groups. Having a clinical diagnosis of COPD significantly increases the likelihood of poor clinical outcomes in patients with Covid-19, so these patients should be considered a high-risk group. From a positive mental health perspective, it is important to know patients’ moods and perceived social support. Materials and Methods: A non-experimental quantitative, descriptive, and correlational cross-sectional study was carried out to analyze mood, perceived social support, some sociodemographic variables, and their relationships in a sample of 110 Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results: The mood of the older adults was predominantly negative and, in general, there were low levels of perceived social support (except for instrumental support). Statistically significant correlations were found between these two variables. Statistically significant associations were found between the practice of physical exercise with the level of positive emotional state and instrumental emotional support. Discussion and conclusions: Lack of social support is a predictor of the psychological impact of the pandemic in older adults with and without chronic diseases. It is possible that they are not receiving adequate emotional expressions or stimulation to express their feelings, that they do not have other people with whom to have pleasant leisure or recreational relationships, or that they do not receive sufficient expressions of love and affection.https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001114948https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-1560gina.cuartasm@campusucc.edu.cohttps://scholar.google.com.co/citations?user=xSOiCrsAAAAJ&hl=en105- 113Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Maestría en Psicología de la SaludMaestría en Psicología de la SaludMedellínhttps://academianacionaldemedicina.org/publicaciones/div/mood-and-perceived-social-support-of-colombian-older-adults-with-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-during-the-pandemic-a-cross-sectional-descriptive-study/Gaceta Médica de CaracasUnited Nations. Policy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on older persons, https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/ files/2020-05/Policy-Brief-The-Impact-of-COVID- 19-on-Older-Persons.pdf [consultada el 10 de octubre de 2021].Vahia IV, Jeste DV, Reynolds CF. Older Adults and the Mental Health Effects of COVID-19. JAMA. 2020;324(22):2253-2254.Lee K, Jeong GC, Yim J. Consideration of the Psychological and Mental Health of the Elderly during COVID-19: A Theoretical Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(21):8098Zhou R, Chen H, Zhu L, Chen Y, Chen B, Li Y, et al. Mental Health Status of the Elderly Chinese Population During COVID-19: An Online Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:645938Sepúlveda-Loyola W, Rodríguez-Sánchez I, Pérez- Rodríguez P, Ganz F, Torralba R, Oliveira DV, et al. Impact of Social Isolation Due to COVID-19 on Health in Older People: Mental and Physical Effects and Recommendations. J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;24(9):938-947.Webb LM, Chen CY. The COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on older adults’ mental health: Contributing factors, coping strategies, and opportunities for improvement. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021:1-7.Deslée G, Zysman M, Burgel PR, Perez T, Boyer L, Gonzalez J, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the COVID-19 pandemic: Reciprocal challenges. Respir Med Res. 2020;78:100764.Lee SC, Son KJ, Han CH, Park SC, Jung JY. Impact of COPD on COVID-19 prognosis: A nationwide population-based study in South Korea. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):3735.Gerayeli FV, Milne S, Cheung C, Li X, Yang ChW, Tam A, et al. COPD and the risk of poor outcomes in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;33:100789.Addis SG, Nega AD, Miretu DG. Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on chronic disease patients in Dessie town government and private hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia. Diabetes Metab SynDr. 2021;15(1):129-135.Al-Rahimi JS, Nass NM, Hassoubah SA, Wazqar DY, Alamoudi SA. Levels and predictors of fear and health anxiety during the current outbreak of COVID-19 in immunocompromised and chronic disease patients in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional correlational study. PLoS One. 2021;16(4):e0250554.Budu MO, Rugel EJ, Nocos R, Teo K, Rangarajan S, Lear SA. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on People with Pre-Existing Chronic Disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(11):5972.Ferrer RA, Mendes WB. Emotion, health decision making, and health behavior. Psychol Health. 2018;33(1):1-16Cugmas M, Ferligoj A, Kogovšek T, Batagelj Z. The social support networks of elderly people in Slovenia during the Covid-19 pandemic. PLoS One. 2021;16(3):e0247993.Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A. Development, and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988;54(6):1063-1070.Sandín B, Chorot P, Lostao L, Joiner TE, Santed MA, Valiente RM. Escalas PANAS de afecto positivo y negativo: validación factorial y convergencia transcultural. Psicothema. 1999;11(1):37-51.Sherbourne CD, Stewart AL. The MOS social support survey. Soc Sci Med. 1991;32(6):705-714.Londoño NH, Rogers, HL, Castilla JF, Posada SL, Ochoa NL, Jaramillo MA, et al. Validación en Colombia del cuestionario MOS de apoyo social. Int J Psychol Res. 2012;5(1):142-150.Castellano CL. La influencia del apoyo social en el estado emocional y las actitudes hacia la vejez y el envejecimiento en una muestra de ancianos. Rev Psicol Ter Psicol. 2014;14(3):365-377.Pereira-Ávila FM, Ching S, Goulart MC, Garcia F, Pereira-Caldeira N, Vieira Gir E. Factores asociados con síntomas de depresión en ancianos durante la pandemia de covid-19. Texto Contexto Enferm. 2021;(30): e20200380.Rutland-Lawes J, Wallinheimo AS, Evans SL. Risk factors for depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study in middle-aged and older adults. BJPsych Open. 2021;7(5):e161.Picaza Gorrochategi M, Eiguren Munitis A, Dosil Santamaria M, Ozamiz Etxebarria N. Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in People Aged Over 60 in the COVID-19 Outbreak in a Sample Collected in Northern Spain. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2020;28(9):993-998Jungmann SM, Witthöft M. Health anxiety, cyberchondria, and coping in the current COVID-19 pandemic: Which factors are related to coronavirus anxiety? J. Anxiety Disord. 2020;73:102239.de Oliveira Andrade N, Correia Silva Azambuja H, Carvalho Reis Martins T, Manoel Seixas RA, Moretti Luchesi B. Factors associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Brazilian study. Aging Ment Health. 2021:1-8.Gariépy G, Honkaniemi H, Quesnel-Vallée A. Social support, and protection from depression: Systematic review of current findings in Western countries. Br J Psychiatry. 2016;209(4):284-293.MacLeod S, Tkatch R, Kraemer S, Fellows A, McGinn M, Schaeffer J, et al. COVID-19 Era Social Isolation among Older Adults. Geriatrics (Basel). 2021;6(2):52.Khan MSR, Kadoya Y. Loneliness during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison between Older and Younger People. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(15):7871.Salvarezza L. Psicogeriatría. Teoría y Clínica. Buenos Aires: Editorial Paidós; 1988Vinaccia S, Quiceno JM, Zapata C, Obesso S, Quintero DC. Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y emociones negativas en pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Psicología desde el Caribe. 2006;18:89-108.VejezSalud MentalEnfermedades crónicasEnfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónicaCovid 19Old ageMental healthChronic diseasesChronic obstructive pulminary diseaseCovid 19Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive studyArtículos Científicosinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleAtribucióninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2PublicationORIGINAL2022_mood_perceived_social.pdf2022_mood_perceived_social.pdfArtículoapplication/pdf155524https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/c6dedf91-06c7-4b13-925a-90c95464b481/download418ecca5f1d9f47e74e9bc9ca875708dMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/8fc50ca8-bddf-4572-a57e-c27db8303b12/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52THUMBNAIL2022_mood_perceived_social.pdf.jpg2022_mood_perceived_social.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg5362https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/815c0f7d-df71-480d-87f1-36f555e8ca42/download91cea2b87de50973478b6b8a6a90ac42MD53TEXT2022_mood_perceived_social.pdf.txt2022_mood_perceived_social.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain35071https://repository.ucc.edu.co/bitstreams/4c98a9c8-d9ef-4221-a8ee-9f1d2dff49bb/download209f5573d3e31eb433965168bc00150bMD5420.500.12494/46154oai:repository.ucc.edu.co:20.500.12494/461542024-08-10 09:36:53.087restrictedhttps://repository.ucc.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad Cooperativa de Colombiabdigital@metabiblioteca.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

Mood and perceived social support of Colombian older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the pandemic: A cross-sectional descriptive study

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